Learning about Language优秀教案设计

Period 2

Learning about Language Teaching Aims: Ⅰ. To discover useful words and expression Ⅱ. To discover useful structures Ⅲ. To learn to use The Present Perfect Passive Voice Focal points:

Ⅰ. key words and expressions such as: revolution, network, simplify, calculate, mobile, solve, explore, total (totally), anyhow, finance Ⅱ. use The Present Perfect Passive Voice correctly Difficult points:

key words and expressions such as: artificial, intelligence, technology, applications, explore …, web, in reality, logically can chance different forms of the Present Perfect Passive Voice according to different usages Procedures:

I. Warming up by reading to the tape To begin with, turn to page 18, listening to and reading to the recording of the text WHO AM I? Attention goes to the pauses and intonation, as well as the pronunciation of the reader.

II. Discovering useful words and expressions In pairs do the exercises 1, 2 and 3 on pages 20. You must finish them in 10 minutes. Let students to check the answers of exercise 1 one by one Let one student to check the answers of exercise 2 by reading aloud. (underline “develop an interest in (doing) sth.’’)

Let 9 students to read the 9 sentences in turn and translate the expressions in blue. Ⅲ. Closing down by doing a quiz Correct the mistakes in these passive voice sentences 1

Example: The house was built in 1880. (correct = The house was built in 1880.) 1.

3000 employees were laying off.

2.

A story will made up.

3.

An idea was putted forward for discussion.

4.

Has the book been give back to you yet? 5.

My bank loan will be paid off in five years’ time.

6.

Nothing can be hold against me.

7.

Our allies will be lend support.

8.

She has never heard of.

9.

She was being knocked down by a bus.

10.

She was laid off with a fine.

11.

The candle was blow out by the draught.

12.

The criminal were locked up.

13.

The flood water was be kept back by barriers.

14.

The inconvenience will made up for by this money.

15.

The keys must have been being left behind.

16.

The old cinema is being pull down.

17.

The protesters being held back by the police.

18.

The road was blocking off.

19.

Thirty more people were laid off last week.

20.

Your jacket can be hanged up over there. Ⅳ. Grammar: the Present Perfect Passive Voice Step 1: Please translate the sentences from this unit 1. Over time I have been changed quite a lot. 2. First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. 3. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! 2

4. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 5. I have also been put

into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. 6. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. Step 2: Presentation of the grammar 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。

1. 主要强调：

1)主谓关系被动，且谓语动作从过去一直延续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。

Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 2)主谓关系被动，且谓语动作发生在过去，但已对现在造成影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。

This book has already been read by her. 3)在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。

We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished.

2. 现在完成时被动语态的构成：

结构为：have / has + been + v-ed （使用has been done时主语为单数，使用have been done时主语为复数）。

This book has been translated into many languages. These rooms have been cleaned by her.

3.现在完成时被动语态的用法: 1)用于不知道动作执行者是谁时。

3

His bike has been stolen.

2)用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时。

Not a book in the library has been taken away. 3)用于可以说出动作执行者但动作承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时。

My watch has been repaired.

4)用于出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时。

Enough has been said here on this question. 5)用于文章标题、广告、新闻等中（常用省略助动词be的被动语态）。

Road Blocked.

（新闻报道，省略了助动词has been）

6)用于动作的执行者不是人时。

The house has been washed away by the storm. 7)用于商务书信中，起草人是以公司名义时。

Your letter has been received. 4.现在完成时主动句转换成被动句：

现在完成时的主动句转换成被动句，则要把其宾语变为主语，谓语动词变为被动结构，主语放在介词（通常用by）后表动作的发出者或将其省略。

如：1. 主动句：

They have asked him some questions.

被动句：

He has been asked some questions.

2. 主动句：

Someone has set fire to the house.

被动句：

The house has been set fire to. 5.现在完成被动语态的四种基本形式：

4

1)肯定式为：have / has + been + done

The experiment has been done successfully.

2)否定式为：have / has + not + been + done

Tom’s novel has not been published.

3)一般疑问句需将have / has提到主语的前面:have/has + 主语

+ been done。

Has his bike been repaired?

4)特殊疑问句为:特殊疑问词

+ have / has + been + done。

Who has been invited? 注意: 1.副词的位置

often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have / has和been中间。

Such a man has hardly been believed. 2.并不是所有动词都有被动语态（happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态）。

Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 3.带有双宾语的动词,如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, sell, buy等,变成被动语态时,把直接宾语变成被动句的主语时,间接宾语前通常需加介词to或for。

We have given him the book.

The book has been given to him (by us).

We have bought him a book. The book has been bought for him (by us). 4.短语动词不可分割也不可省略其中的介词或副词。

5

The patients have been taken good care of. Former mistakes have been paid careful attention to. 5.现在完成被动语态与一般过去被动语态的区别：

一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时刻，其结果对现在没有影响; 而现在完成时的被动语态表示的动作尽管发生在过去,但侧重说明该动作对现在造成的影响和结果。

The house was built last year.

The house has been built. Step 3: Practice of the grammar Change the following sentences into the present perfect passive voice. 1)

My friend has bought a new personal computer. 2)

The scientists have not developed intelligent robots yet. 3)

Has the unknown virus attacked your computer? 4)

Who has given the computers away to a local school? Step 3: Homework Exercises on the guide-learning paper 6