Using LanguageⅠ名师教学视频（文字实录）

V-ing讲解与练习

一．概述：

“动名词”和“现在分词”合称为“动词-ing形式”。作为非谓语动词的一种重要形式，它具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可在句中作除谓语以外的任何成分。

二．V-ing形式的构成（时态、语态和否定式）

主动形式

肯定式

一般式

完成式

否定式

被动形式

肯定式

否定式

1.

V-ing的一般式(doing)：表示一般性的动作，或表示的动作与谓语动作同时（或几乎同时）发生。

Eg: Working hard will produce good results. “Can’t you read?” Mary said angrily pointing to the notice. 2.

V-ing的完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，强调动作已完成。

Eg：Having watered the vegetables, we began to dig the ground. He regrets not having worked hard at school. 3.

V-ing的被动形式：

Eg: This is the computer being repaired by Tom. I appreciate being invited to your home. Having been criticized by the teacher, Wang Ming Gave up smoking. 4.

V-ing的否定式：

Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. I’m sorry for not being present at the meeting in time. Exercise: 1.

“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, __away.

A. run

B. running

C. to run

D. ran 2. ___in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he didn’t take money .

A. Waiting

B. To wait

C. Having waited

D. To have waited 3. ___that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.

A. Not realized

B. Not to realize

C. Not realizing

D. Not to have realize 5. ___around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest.

A. Having shown

B. To be shown

C. Having been shown

D. To show 三．动名词的复合结构

当v-ing形式需要自己的逻辑主语时，一般在v-ing形式前加物主代词或名词所有格，即“his/Tom’s /him/Tom+(not) doing/being done”,此结构称为doing的复合结构。在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。

Eg: Would you mind me/my turning up the radio? She insisted on Peter’s/Peter going there first. Tom’s marrying Jane made his parents very angry.

Exercise: 1.

I would appreciate ___back this afternoon.

A. you to call

B. you call

C. your calling

D. you’re calling

2. The discovery of new evidence led to___.

A. the thief having caught

B. catch the thief

C. the thief being caught

D. the thief to be caught 3. ___the meeting gave them a great deal of encouragement.

A. The president will attend

B. The president to attend

C. The president attended

D. The president’s attending

四．V-ing的句法功能

动词-ing形式具有名词、形容词、副词的功能，在句中可做除谓语以外的所有句子成分，包括主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。有时还可做独立成分。

1.V-ing作主语

Eg: Seeing is believing. Being lost can be a terrifying experience. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 注：以下句型中it作形式主语，V-ing作真正主语：

1.It is no use/good/useless doing sth. 2. It is a waste of time doing sth. 3.It is worthwhile doing sth 2. V-ing 作宾语

Eg：Many students enjoy asking questions. He admitted smoking/ having smoked in the hall. Instead of being criticized, he ought to be praised. 通常只接v-ing作宾语的动词：

承认冒险别继续(admit/risk/keep)

理解原谅和感激(understand/excuse/appreciate) 推迟享受真可惜(delay/enjoy/postpone)

完成想象又建议(finish/imagine/suggest/advise) 错过宽恕不考虑(miss/forgive/consider)

避免介意别延期(avoid/escape/mind/put off)

坚持提到与练习(insist on/mention/practice)

sth need/want/require doing

允许抵制或放弃(allow/permit/resist/give up/quit)

sth be worth doing 通常只接v-ing作介词宾语: succeed in doing

have difficulty/trouble (in) doing

have a hard/good time (in) doing

have fun (in) doing sth spend /waste time (in) doing

feel like doing

on/upon doing…

3. V-ing 作表语和宾语补足语

Eg：Her job is delivering newspapers. Seeing is believing./ To see is to believe. I found this book very interesting to read. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for me for so long. 接V-ing作宾补的动词：see/hear/notice/observe/smell/listen to/watch/keep/leave/have/get/ find等。

4.V-ing 作定语(和被修饰词之间是主动关系) a. 单个V-ing作定语,一般置于被修饰的名词前，有三个作用：说明被修饰词的用途；表示动作；表示被修饰词的性质特征（令人/使人…）

eg: drinking water

parking lot

teaching building

waiting room

driving permit

boiling water

developing countries

the rising/setting sun

failing sight b. v-ing短语作定语，应放在被修饰词之后

eg：The building being built now is a hospital. Those wishing to join this club should sigh here. 5.V-ing 作状语

作状语表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果、让步等状语，修饰整个句子，通常用逗号跟主句隔开，其逻辑主语一般是句子的主语，且为主动关系。

Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. Being tired out, he couldn’t walk any further.

Working hard, you will succeed. I stood by the door, not daring to say a word. Admitting what you say, I still think you are wrong. Once losing this chance, you can’t easily find it。

Exercise: 1.”You can’t catch me!” Jane shouted, _____away.

A. run

B. running

C. to run

D. ran 2. ____that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.

A. Realized

B. To realize

C. Realizing

D. Not realizing 3. ________the work ahead of time, we went home.

A. To complete

B. Completed

C. Completing

D. Having completed 6.V-ing作独立成分

generally speaking/ frankly speaking/honestly speaking

judging from…

considering…

concerning

supposing/providing …

综合练习题：

1.No one enjoys_________at.

A. laughing

B. to laugh C. being laughed

D. to be laughed

2.You must do something to prevent your house__________.

A. to be broken in

B. from being broken in

C. to break in

D. from breaking in

3.They insisted on ______another chance to try.

A. given

B. giving

C. being given

D. to be given 4.—Where is my passport? I remember ________it here.

—You shouldn't have left it here. Remember ________it with you all the time.

A. to put；to take

B. putting；taking

C. putting；to take

D. to put；taking

5.His room needs _______, so he must have it _________.

A. painting；

painted

B. painted；

painting

C. painting；

painting

D. painted；6.After finishing his homework he went on _______a letter to his parents.

A. write

B. writing

C. wrote

D. to write

7.The young trees we planted last week require _______

with great care.

A. looking after

B. to look after

C. to be looked after

D. taken good care of

painted

9.She decided to devote herself _______

the problem of old age.

A.to study B.studying C.to studying D.study

10.Remember ______the newspaper when you have finished it.

A.putting back

B.put back

C.to put back

D.be put back

11.As she is looking forward to _______from me, please remember_______ this letter on your

way to school.

A.hear；post

B.hearing；to post

C.be heard；posting

D.be hearing；to posting

12.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _______your handwriting.

A.to read

B.to see

C.reading

C.in seeing

13.Writing stories and articles ________what I enjoy most.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

14.We appreciate_________ us to the ball.

A. them to invite

B. to invite C. their inviting

D. being invited

15.Would you mind _______quiet for a moment? I'm trying______ a form.

A.keeping；filling out B.to keep；to fill out

C.keeping；to fill out D.to keep；filling out

16.He was afraid_______ for being late.

A.of seeing

B.of being seen C.to be seen

D.to have seen

17.I'd like to suggest _______the meeting till next week.

A.to put off

B.putting off

C.put off

D.to be put off

18.I don't see how I could possibly manage______the work without________ . A.finish；helping B.to finish；being helped

C.finishing；helping D.finishing；being helped

19.Anything worth________ is worthy of ________well.

A.doing；being done B.doing；doing

C.to be done；to be done D.to be done；being done

20.We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted____the work.

A.finish

B.to finish

C.in finishing

D.on finishing

21.I delayed ______

your letter because I had been away for a week.

A.answer

B.answering

C.writing

D.to post

22.The thief drove as fast as he could to escape________ by the police.

A.to be caught

B.he caught C.being caught

D.catching

23.I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought I____ it at home. Then I

remembered ______it out to pay for the taxi.

A.must have left；to take B.may leave；taking

C.might leave；

to take

D.could have left；taking

24.______the news of his father's death, he burst into tears.

A.After hearing

B.On hearing

C.While hearing

D.Having heared

25._______his mother, the baby could not help______.

A.To see；to laugh

B.Seeing；

to laugh

C.Seeing；laughing

D.To see；laughing

26.It's no use _______so much money on clothes.

A.spend

B.spent

C.spending

D.being

spent

27.The sentence needs______.

A.improve

B.a improvement C.improving

D.improved

28.If he succeeded _______a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hunger now.

A.to find

B.to look for

C.in finding

D.in looking for