Learning about LanguagePPT专用课堂实录内容

Teaching plan for Book 4 Unit 2 Learning about language ——马山县周鹿中学

林英

Ⅰ. Teaching objectives

1. Knowledge objective

Make the students understand and master the knowledge of the -ing form as subject and object.

2. Ability objectives

（1）Make the students understand and use these important words and expressions correctly；

（2）Enable the students to use the -ing form as subject and object correctly and freely.

3. Learning ability goals

（1）Help the students learn how to use the -ing form as subject and object （2）The students practise this grammar actively and attentively so that they can reach their goals.

Grammar: the -ing form as subject and object.

Ⅱ. Teaching important and difficult points 1.

Important point: The usage of the -ing form used as subject and object.

2.

Difficult point: How to use the -ing form freely.

Ⅲ. Teaching methods

Explaining, discussing and practising; individual, pair or group work; task-based teaching method. Ⅳ. Teaching aids

A projector, a multi-media computer, some slides and a blackboard. Ⅴ. Teaching procedures & ways

Step 1 Revision

Language is learned in context. So let’s first review the text learned yesterday by reading it aloud. Try to force out your English slowly and clearly. Trying to use the useful words and expressions in the reading.

Step 2 Practicing the useful words and expressions Do the exercises 1, 2 and 3 on pages12 to review some useful words and expressions. Step 3 Useful structures

the -ing form as subject and object.

1.

Discovering Read the text about Yuan Longping again, paying attention to the sentences which use the –ing form as the subject and object:

(1)

In the sentence “Wishing for things, however, cost nothing. “the –ing is used as subject.

(2)

It can be also used as object of the sentence. For example: Yuan Longping likes playing his violin.

(3)

Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. (4)

As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice input.

Design aim：make the students understand the grammar before the class.(These sentences above are about the use of the the -ing form as subject and object.)

2.

Explanation of the -ing form as subject and object.

(1)

Definitions ----现在分词和动名词。

动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”（gerund）和“现在分词”（present participle）两个部分。动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。-ing的形式：一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。

现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例，将其-ing各种形式列表如下：

动词

语态

形式

一般式

完成式

及物动词make 主动语态

making having made 被动语态

being made having been made 不及物动词go 主动语态

going having gone A.

动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。

Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。

Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。

B.

动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。

They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。

She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。

C.

动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。

I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.我记得上周给他发过一份电子邮件。

He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。

D.

动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well.

在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。

I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.

错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。

E.

动词-ing形式的否定形式是由not 加动词的-ing形式构成。

His not coming made everyone present very disappointed.他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。

（2）动词的-ing形式作主语的用法

①动词的-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。

Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。

Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。

Being invited to the party was a great honor to the family. 被邀请参加晚会是这家人的荣耀。

②为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末，以避免头重脚轻。如：

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

作无益的后悔是没有用的。

It's a waste of time arguing about it.

争论这事是浪费时间。

③常用动词-ing形式做主语的句型有：

It’s no use/ good doing... 做......是没用的。

It is a waste of time doing ... 做...是浪费时间的。

It is worth/worthwhile doing...做......是值得的。

It is no fun doing... 做......没有乐趣。

It is useless doing... 做......没有用。

It is hardly/scarcely worth doing... 做......不值得。

注：1. 动名词作主语表单数概念, 谓语动词用单数形式。

Walking after supper is good for your health. 2. 动名词的复合结构（即物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格或名词普通格是动名词逻辑上的主语，动名词是其逻辑上的谓语）作主语。具体形式有：his+doing；Tom's+doing；him+doing；Tom+doing

His coming made us happy.

Your father’s cooking is very good. 3.

动词-ing形式和to do 都可做主语。动词-ing形式

做主语表示的动作通常是一个泛指的、比较抽象的动作, to do做主语通常表示具体的或一次性的动作。如：

Singing is my hobby, and to sing at my friend's birthday party is mt dream.

Playing with fire is dangerous. （泛指）

④在there is no + -ing 的结构中，如：

There is no sense in doing

做……没有道理

There is/was no use/no point doing 干…无意义

There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比…更糟的

There is no hiding of evil but not to do it．若要人不知, 除非己莫为。

There is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。

（3）Practise：translate the following sentences by using the -ing form as subject. 1 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。

5.

照料家人是我的日常工作。

2. 被邀请参加晚会是这家人的荣耀。

6. 给他打电话没用,他不愿意来。

3. 解释对你的身体健康有好处

7. 说服他戒烟是在浪费时间。

4.

上这种拥挤的公交车真难。

（4）动词-ing形式作宾语

①作动词的宾语。接动词-ing形式做宾语的常用动词（短语）有：

避免错过少延期

avoid，miss，postpone/delay/put off 建议完成多练习

adwise，finish，practise 喜欢想象禁不住

enioy，imagine，can’t help

承认否定与嫉妒

admit，deny，envy 逃脱冒险莫原谅

escape，risk，excuse 忍受保持不介意

stand，keep，mind

He admitted cheating in the exam. 他承认在考试中作弊了。

Would you mind turning on the air -conditioner? 你介意把空调打开吗？

②动词-ing做介词的宾语：be good at，dream of，care about，be concerned about，be interested in，feel like，insist on，think of，aim at，set about，be used to，get down to，lead to，devote oneself to，look forward to，stick to，pay attention to等。

③这类动词虽然既能用-ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况：

a. 动词like, hate, prefer, intend, , love, prefer等后面，如表示一般性动作，多用-ing分词；如指特定的具体的某次动作，多用不定式。

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you. 我喜欢游泳，但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。

I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校。

I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。

b. forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作，而后接-ing分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。如：

Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗？

Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门. c. 动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接分词和接不定式作宾语，意思也有所不同。如：

I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事。

Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗？

He stopped talking when the bell rang. 铃响的时候，他停止了讲话。

While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的时候，他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。

注意：有时人们把stop后的动词不定式理解为目的状语。

d. need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，意义上并无差别，但用-ing形式比较普通。

Your composition needs correcting / to be corrected. 你的作文需要修改。

His coat wants cleaning / to be cleaned.

他的大衣需要洗了。

The old woman requires looking after carefully

/ to be looked after carefully. 这个老大娘需要细心地照料。

练习：Let’s talk about our friends! Remember to use Verb-ing as much as possible.

…is his/her job every day.

He/She enjoys …

He/She is interested in …

He/She dreams of …

He/She hates …

…makes him/her happy/sad. He/She cares about …

④

用

it 做形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词-ing形式。其结构如下：

think

consider

useless

主语

find

it

no use

+doing..

feel

no good

believe

I don’t think it possible living in such a cold place. 我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能的。

Do you consider it any good trying again? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗

⑤ Practise：translate the following sentences by using the -ing form as object. A. 动词后的宾语

1.他喜欢听轻音乐。

5 妈妈建议乘飞机去北京。

2.这位年轻人在考虑调换工作。

6. 她不能容忍别人嘲笑她。

3.请你填一下这张表好吗?

7. 他的信需要马上回复。

4. 我父亲去年戒烟了。

8 .很遗憾在上海时我没看到你。

B.

介词后的宾语

1.

最后他成功地执行了他的任务。(succeed in)

2.

发现房子里空无一人，我感到惊讶。(Be surprised at) 3. 对不起，给你添了这么多麻烦。(for)

4. 什么也无法阻止他们相爱。(from)

5. 我们毫不费力地找到了他的家。(in) 6. 汤姆因未被邀请参加晚会而生气。(for) 7. 所有人在期待着寒假的到来。

8. 他们要通过这场数学考试有很大的困难。

Step 4 Practise Ⅰ. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。

It’s no good _______(try) to remember grammatical rules. You need to practice what you have learned. 2. The suspect (嫌疑犯) at last admitted ________ (steal) the necklace. 3. __________(make) friends is a necessary part in our life. 4. I will never forget __________(go) to Beijing with him last summer. 5.

I forgot ________(tell) her the news; so she knew nothing about it. 6. I still remember __________ (take) to a concert by Liu Dehua when I was five. 7. He succeed in _________(persuade) her to do the job. 8. The book is worth ________(read) a second time. 9. We are looking forward to _______(hear) from Mr. Li. 10. His __________(not get) to the station on time made everyone worried last week. Ⅱ. Choose the best answer. 1.

It took the workmen only two hours to finish _______ my car.

A. repairing

B. repair

C. to repair

D. repaired 2.

Keep on ____ and you will succeed.

A. a try

B. try

C. to trying

D. trying 3. His parents insist on ___ to college.

A. he should go

B. he go

C. his going

D. him to go 4. Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is worth ______.

A. being bought

B. buying

C. to buy

D. buying it 5. The microscope is used for __ minute objects.

A. examining

B. being examined

C. examined

D. examine 6. He attended the party without ___.

A. invited

B. inviting

C. having invited

D. being invited 7. By ____, water can be changed into gas.

A. heating

B. being heated

C. having heated

D. heated 8. The classroom needs _____.

A. clean

B. cleaned

C. to clean

D. to be cleaned 9. Your clothes need ______.

A. washed

B. to be washed

C. to wash

D. being washed 10. Once the heart stops _____, death follows at once.

A. beating

B. to beat

C. being beaten

D. to be beating 11. I remembered ____ this person somewhere before.

A. seeing

B. having been seen

C. seen

D. to see 12. I regret ____ that to her. She must be crying now. A. having said

B. to have said

C. to say

D. said 13. Have you forgotten ___ $1,000 from me last month? Will you please remember ___ it tomorrow?

A. borrowing; to bring

B. to borrow; bring

C. borrowed; bringing

D. borrowing; bringing 14. He devoted his life to ____ the atomic theory.

A. study

B. be studied

C. studying

D. have studied 15. You must pay attention to ___ the works of Lu Xun.

A. read

B. reading

C. reader

D. be read

Design aim：enable the students consolidate what they have learned and use this grammar correctly；besides，the students need to improve their oral English. Step 5 Homework 1. Summarize the rules of v-ing form as the Subject and Object in your own way. 2. Finish the exercises of “Discovering useful structures” on Page 13.

3. Do some research on verbs following the questions: Which verbs should be followed by verb-ing form as object? Which verbs should be followed by “to do”?

Which verbs can be followed by both forms? Step 6 Blackboard Design

Ⅰ. Revision Ⅱ. Grammar：the-ing form as subject and object （1）the-ing form as subject：形式主语

（2）the-ing form as object：形式宾语

Ⅲ. Practise