Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending教案2

Unit 4 Exploring plants Part One: Teaching Design Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading (PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES)

Aims To help students develop their reading ability

To help students learn exploring plants Procedures ■Warming up by defining plants

Plants are a major group of living things 300,000 species), including familiar such as trees, flowers, herbs, and ferns. divided all living things between plants, (about organisms Aristotle which generally do not move or have sensory organs, and animals. In Linnaeus' system, these became the Kingdoms Vegetabilia (later Plantae) and Animalia. Since then, it has become clear that the Plantae as originally defined included several unrelated groups, and the fungi and several groups of algae were removed to new kingdoms. However, these are still often considered plants in many contexts. Indeed, any attempt to match "plant" with a single taxon is doomed to fail, because plant is a vaguely defined concept unrelated to the presumed phylogenic concepts on which modern taxonomy is based. ■

Warming up by talking about different gardens Gardens vary in forms and functions. How many can you see in your area? 用心

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Gardens may function in a particular manner Botanical garden, Community garden, Forest garden, Raised bed gardening, Residential garden, Roof garden, Vertical garden, Water or soil-less gardening (hydroponics) , Walled garden, Windowbox, Zoological garden ■Warming up by discussing gardening Gardening is the activity of growing and maintaining the garden. This work is done by an amateur or professional gardener. A gardener might also work in a non-garden setting, such as a park, a roadside embankment, or other public space. Landscape architecture is a related professional activity with landscape architects tending to specialise in design for public and corporate clients. I. Pre-reading

What is a garden? A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials. The most common form is known as a residential garden. Western gardens are almost universally based around plants. Zoos, which display wild animals in simulated natural habitats, were formerly called zoölogical gardens. Some traditional types of eastern gardens, such as Zen gardens, use plants sparsely or not at all. Food-producing gardens are distinguished from farms by their smaller scale, more labor-intensive methods, and their purpose (enjoyment of a hobby rather than produce for sale); this distinction is not always clear-cut, however. The gardening article discusses the differences and similarities between gardens and farms in greater detail.

Gardening is the activity of growing and maintaining the garden. This work is done by an amateur or professional gardener. A gardener might also work in a non-garden setting, such as a park, a roadside embankment, or other public space. Landscape architecture is a related professional activity with landscape architects tending to 用心

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specialise in design for public and corporate clients. II. Reading for forms

Read the text PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES

to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicative, darken the connectives and underline all the useful expressions.

PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES The plants /in our gardens/ look

so familiar/ that often we do not realize

that /many of them actually come from countries/ far away．Collecting“exotic”plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times．Many ancient civilizations saw the value of bringing back plants /from distant lands．The first plant collecting expedition /recorded in history was around 1500 BC /when the Queen of Egypt sent ships away to gather plants，animals /and other goods．

However，it was

not until the eighteenth/ and nineteenth centuries /that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale．Europe had become interested in scientific discovery/ and the European middle classes took great interest in collecting new plants．This attraction /to exotic plants grew as European nations，like the Netherlands，Britain/ and Spain，moved into other parts of the world/ like Asia /and Australia．Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions，often facing many dangers/ including disease, near-starvation，severe environments/ and conflicts with the local people．

An important group of collectors were French Catholic missionaries/ who，by the middle of the 18th century，were

beginning to set themselves up /in China．One such missionary，Father d’Incarville，was

sent to Beijing/ in the 1740s．He collected seeds of trees/ and bushes/ including those of the Tree of Heaven．Just before he died，he sent some Tree of Heaven seeds/ to England. They arrived in 1751/ and plants /from these seeds were

grown throughout Europe/ and 1ater，in 用心

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1784，the species was

introduced in North America.

Sir Joseph Banks was a very famous British plant collector，who accompanied James Cook/ on his first voyage/ from England /to Oceania．The purpose of the trip/ for Banks was to record

the plant /and animal life /they came across．He/ and his team collected examples/ whenever they went onto dry land．In 1769, Banks collected vast quantities of plants/ in the land now/ known as Australia．None of these plants had been recorded by Europeans before．Cook called the bay/ where the Endeavour had anchored Botany Bay．

Keeping plants alive /during long land /or sea voyages was

an enormous challenge. Large numbers of seeds failed to grow /after long sea voyages /or trips /across land/ between Asia /and Europe. One plant explorer lost several years’ work /when his plants were ruined with seawater．

The world of plant exploration was completely changed with Dr Nathaniel Ward’s invention /of a tightly sealed portable glass container．This invention，called the Wardian case，allowed

plants / to be transported /on long journeys．In 1833，Ward shipped two cases /of British plants/ to Sydney，Australia．All the plants survived the six-month journey．In 1835，the cases made a return trip/ with some Australian species/ that had

never been successfully

transported

before．After eight months/ at sea，they arrived safely /in London．

A British man/ called Robert Fortune was one of the earliest plant collectors/ to use Wardian cases．He made

several trips/ to China /between 1843 /and 1859. At that time，there

were

restrictions /on the movement of Europeans/ and so，in order to travel unnoticed，he developed his fluency /in Chinese /and dressed

as a Chinese man，even shaving his head /in the Chinese style．He experienced many adventures/ including huge thunderstorms/ in the Yellow Sea /and pirates /on the Yangtze River．Not only did

Fortune introduce

over 120 species of plants/ to 用心

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Western gardens/ but he also shipped

20,000 tea plants /from Shanghai/ to India，where a successful tea industry was

established．

The second half of the nineteenth century was

a very important period of plant exploration．During this time /many Catholic missionaries were sent to China /from France．They valued the study of the natural sciences /and many of the missionaries/ knew a lot about plants /and animals．Their expeditions resulted

in huge plant collections，which were sent

back to France．One of the collectors was Father Farges, who collected 37 seeds /from a tree /that had appealed to him．This tree was later called the Dove Tree．He sent the seeds/ back to France /in 1897 /but only one seed grew．

Although the missionaries collected large numbers of specimens，there was not enough material /for growing particular species /in Western gardens．However，European botanists were

very excited with the knowledge/ that China had a vast variety of plants，so many plant collectors were

sent on collecting trips/ to China．One of these collectors was E H Wilson /who，in 1899，was able to collect a large quantity of seeds/ of the Dove Tree /that Father Farges had

discovered．Wilson /and other plant collectors introduced many new plants/ to Western gardens．

III. Copying expressions and making sentences You are asked to copy all the useful expressions into your notebook after class as homework. You may make your own sentences with each of these expressions. Expressions from: PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES the plants in one's gardens, so…that…, come from…, countries far away, collect“exotic”plants，date back to the earliest times,

many ancient civilizations, the value of…, bring back plants from distant lands, the Queen of Egypt, send ships away, gather plants，animals and other goods, it was 用心

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not until…that…, the exploration of the botanical world, on a large scale, become interested in…, scientific discovery, the European middle classes, take great interest in…, the attraction to exotic plants, move into other parts of the world, take the opportunity of…, go on botanical expeditions, face many dangers, severe environments, conflicts with the local people, by the middle of the 18th century，set one selves up in…, collect seeds of trees and bushes, the Tree of Heaven, send…to…, arrive in,

throughout Europe, accompany sb., the purpose of…,

come across, collected examples, go onto dry land, vast quantities of…, known as, keep… alive, during long land or sea voyages, an enormous challenge, Large numbers of,

fail to, the world of plant exploration, be transported on long journeys, make a return trip, make trips to…, at that time，

on the movement of Europeans, in order to, dressed as…，shave one's head in the Chinese style, experience many adventures, including huge thunderstorms, in the Yellow Sea,

pirates on the Yangtze River, Not only did…but

also…, a successful tea industry, the second half of the nineteenth century, a very important period of plant exploration, value the study of the natural sciences, know

about, result in, appeal to sb., be excited with, a vast variety of plants，

send on collecting trips to…, a large quantity of,

introduce…to…

IV. Reading and transforming Read the text again to complete the chart to fill in the topic sentence of each paragraph. PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES

Topic sentence of 1st paragraph Collecting“exotic”plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times．

Topic sentence of 2nd

However，it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began 用心

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paragraph

on a large scale．

An important group of collectors were French Catholic missionaries who，by the middle of the 18th century，were beginning to set themselves up in China．

Topic sentence of 3rd paragraph Topic sentence of 4th paragraph Sir Joseph Banks was a very famous British plant collector，who accompanied James Cook on his first voyage from England to Oceania．

Topic sentence of 5th paragraph

Keeping plants alive during long land or sea voyages was an enormous challenge. Topic sentence of 6th paragraph The world of plant exploration was completely changed with Dr Nathaniel Ward’s invention of a tightly sealed portable glass container．

Topic sentence of 7th paragraph A British man called Robert Fortune was one of the earliest plant collectors to use Wardian cases．

Topic sentence of 8th paragraph The second half of the nineteenth century was a very important period of plant exploration．

Topic sentence of 9th paragraph Although the missionaries collected large numbers of specimens，there was not enough material for growing particular species in Western gardens．

V. Closing down by learning about prehistoric plants Prehistoric plants are various groups of plants that lived before recorded history (before about 3500 BC).

Plants have remained remarkedly unchanged thoughout earth's geological time scale. Early ferns had developed 用心

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by the Mississippian, conifers by the Pennsylvanian. Some plants of prehistory are the same ones around today and are thus living fossils, such as Ginkgo biloba and Sciadopitys verticillata. Additional Materials Complete the summary of the text with one word in each blank. It was not ___1__ the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries __2___the exploration of the botanical world began __3___ a large scale．An important group of collectors ___4___ French Catholic missionaries ____5__，by the middle of the 18th century，__6____ beginning to set themselves up in China．__7____ plants alive during long land or sea voyages ___8___ an enormous challenge. __9____ numbers of seeds failed to grow after long sea __10____ or trips across land ___11___ Asia and Europe. The world of plant exploration ___12___ completely changed ___13___ Dr Nathaniel Ward’s invention ___14___ a tightly sealed portable glass container．This invention，___15___ the Wardian case，allowed plants

to be __16____ on long journeys．A British man __17____ Robert Fortune was one of the earliest plant __18____ to use Wardian cases．__19____ second half of the nineteenth century ___20___ a very important period of plant __21____．During this time many Catholic missionaries ___22___ sent to China from France．___23___ the missionaries collected large numbers ___24___ specimens，there was __25____ enough material for growing particular species in ___26___ gardens．

(key: 1. until 2. that 3. on 4. were 5. who 6.were 7.Keeping 8.was 9. Large 10.voyages 11.between 12. was 13.with 14. of 15.called 16.transported 17. called 18.collectors 19.The 20.was 21.exploration 22. were 23.Although 24. of 25. not

26.Western ) Notes to the special sentences 1．

Collecting “exotic” plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times．收集

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国”植物，人们这样称呼他们，可以追溯到远古时期。句中as they are called是非限制性定语从句，as是关系代词，起连接作用，同时作从句中的主语补语。请看关系代词as的其它例句：I received the same grade as you did. Those as want to can come with me. I received the same grade as you did. Those as want to can come with me. 2．

However，it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale．然而，直到十八、十九世纪植物学世界的探险活动才开始大规模进行。句中it was not until…that…意思是：在...以前一直(不...),...以後才。例如：

It was not until he was thirty that he started to paint. 他直到三十歲才開始繪畫。

3．

Large numbers of seeds failed to grow after long sea voyages or trips across land between Asia and Europe. 大量的种子在跨越亚洲和欧洲之后没能成功地生长。句中large number of 量词用法，它是放在名詞前面並修飾名詞的字。它們告訴我們「多少」(how many or how much)。例如：many trees，

a few trees，

few trees，

several trees，

a couple of trees，

none of the trees。

下列量詞用于不可數名詞：

not much dancing，

a little dancing，

little dancing，

a bit of dancing，a good deal of dancing，

a great deal of dancing，

no dancing。

列量詞用于可數名詞和不可數名詞：all of the trees/dancing，

some trees/dancing，most of the trees/dancing，

enough trees/dancing，

a lot of trees/dancing，

lots of trees/dancing，plenty of trees/dancing，

a lack of trees/dancing 4．

Ward shipped two cases of British plants to Sydney，Australia．沃得把英国植物装船运送到澳洲悉尼。句中的shipped原来是名词，转化为动词了。

相当多名词可以用作动词。例如：Have you booked your ticket? 你的票订好了吗？

Who chaired the meeting? 谁主用心

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持会议？

He pinned great hopes on us. 他对我们寄托了很大希望。

It can seat a thousand people. 它能坐一千人。

We have mapped out plans for their utilization. 我们制定了使用它们的计划。

It pictures the life of overseas Chinese students. 它描绘海外中国留学生的生活。

He hurriedly pencilled the time on it. 他匆忙（用铅笔）在上面写下了时间。

By noon he had bagged three hares. 到中午时他已捕获了三只野兔。

The machine bottles

15000 jars of cold cream a day. 这台机器一天能装一万五千瓶冷霜。

The money was all pocked by corrupt officials. 这钱都进了腐败官吏的腰包。

He hammered a nail into the wall. 他在墙上钉了一只钉子。

5．

He made several trips to China between 1843 and 1859. 他在

1843 和

1859年之间到中国进行了几次旅行。由make加名词构成的短语动词还有：

■make steal, laws, friends, research, much progress, great effort, some tea, some noise, contribution, war, peace, model ships, money, love, no condition, confidences, remarks, faces, clothes, profit, some trouble, sense, difference, haste, room, one's way, dinner, fun, preparations, sail ■make an excuse, offer, experiment, observation, impression, answer, advance, attack, attempt, exam, investigation, explanation, arrangement, appointment, application, an error, exchange, invitation, accusation, enquiry, improvement, outline, oath, approach, entry, exception ■make a statement, sketch, complaint, charge, journey, request, beginning, compromise, bargain, comment, copy, criticism, correction, difference, discovery, fortune, haste, survey, jump, sacrifice, demand, study, guess, visit, call, slip, shave, bed, mistake, fire, speech, walk, vote, haste, plan, will, living, recommendation, reduction, decision, promise, reference, poem, 用心

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sentence, suggestion, habit, demonstration, summary, comparison, preparation, choice, joke, reply, resolution, face, noise, check, record, railway, canal, trip, cake, law, meal, face, guess, contrast, policy, mends, change, bow, confession, move, point, price, sound, stand, word, 6．Not only did Fortune introduce over 120 species of plants to Western gardens but he also shipped 20,000 tea plants from Shanghai to India，where a successful tea industry was established．福钦不仅将120种植物引入西方花园，而且从上海装船运送20，000株茶树到印度，在那里成功创立了茶叶行业。Not only置于句首，其句子要部分倒装。部分倒装有如下情形：

1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分（如助动词、情态动词等）放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提前。

例：_______ right now, she would get there on Sunday.

A) Would she leave

B) if she leave

C) were she to leave

D) If she had left

结合选项，全句的意思是：“如果她立刻就走，她就能在星期天到达那里”。答案是C。

2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法：

例：Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.（小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。）

例：In no country ______ Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

A) better than

B) more than

C) other than

D) rather than

本题是个倒装句，答案是C) other than。no other than意思是“正是、就是”；而rather than的意思是“宁愿……而不……；而不是”。

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3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, nor nearly, not only等以及only。

例：Only under special circumstances _________ to take make-up tests.

A) are freshmen permitted C) permitted are freshmen

B) freshmen are permitted D) are permitted freshmen

全句的意思是：“一年级学生只有在特殊的情况下才可以允许补考。”本陈述句以only开始，后面接状语，应当用部分倒装句。所以答案是A) are freshmen permitted。如用自然语序，本题所在的句子就应该改写为：Freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests only under special circumstances.这两句话的差别是，前者将only under special circumstances放到句首，表示对状语的强调。注意：在部分倒装句中，只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前，其它部分都要置于主语之后。

注意：

a) 如果含有从句时，只要求主句倒装：

例：Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.（只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。）

b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分，不用倒装：

例：

It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.（直到他出国以后才了解到事实真相。）

c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时，意义类似almost no/ not/ never（几乎不、从不），则无须倒装。

例：Hardly any people having been invited went there.（几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那用心

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里了。）

4) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要求部分倒装，因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面，然后才是主语和谓语，形成形式上的部分倒装句：

例：I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.（我一点也不了解这条河，不知道它有多长，多宽或多深。）

Reading comprehension questions 1. The passage mainly tells about___________. A.

a tightly sealed portable glass container B.

the difficulties of keeping plants alive during voyages C.

Sir Joseph Banks D.

plant exploration in the 18th and 19th centuries 2. Why was the second half of the 19th century a very important period of plant exploration? A. Because the missionaries got to know how to collect specimens. B. Because many Catholic missionaries were sent to China and brought back huge plant collections. C. Because a

tightly sealed portable glass container was invented then. D. Sir Joseph Banks accompanied James Cook on his voyage.

3. What does the word “fluency” mean in the 7th sentence? A. good mastery of the language knowledge B. skillfulness in speaking or writing C. the state of being cognitively skillful

D. the quality of being poor in speech and writing 用心

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4. Who was able to collect seeds of the Dove Tree tehn? A. Father Farges B. Nathaniel Ward C. E H Wilson D. Joseph Banks (key: DBBC) 相关高考链接

高考复习专题——带复合宾语的动词

请看课文第一段中的Collecting “exotic” plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times．和第七段中的A British man called Robert Fortune was one of the earliest plant collectors to use Wardian cases. 这两句都含有一个能带双宾语的动词call。

今天我们讨论此类动词。

在英语中，有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整，还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作，这类动词就是所谓“带复合宾语动词”。

一、宾语＋名词：常用于该结构的动词有：call , name , make , find , choose , think , leave等。例如：

1. We call him Jack . 我们叫他杰克。

2. They made Li Lei their monitor . 他们选李磊当班长。

二、宾语＋形容词：常见的动词有：think , believe , leave , drive , make , keep , turn , wish , want等。例如：

1. Do you think his idea wrong ? 你认为他的意见错了吗？

2. We must keep our classroom clean . 我们必须保持教室清洁。

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三、宾语＋副词：副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态，与宾语有逻辑上的主表关系。常见的副词有：down , up , here , there , home , in , out , anywhere等。例如：

1. Let him in (out) . 让他进来（出去）。

2. Mr . Li drove us home . 李先生开车送我们回家。

3. Have you seen him anywhere ? 你有没有在什么地方见过他？

四、宾语＋介词短语：介词短语作宾补常表示其逻辑主语（即宾语）所处的状态，两者有主表关系。例如：

1. We found everything in good order . 我们发现一切井然有序。

2. I’ll leave a message on his desk . 我将留个条子在他桌上。

3. We have him as our good friend . 我们把他视为好朋友。

五、宾语＋不定式：充当宾补的不定式有三种。

1. 要求带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask , tell , like , want , know , invite等。例如：

A：We invited him to come to our school . 我们邀请他来我们学校。

B：He asked me to help him . 他要我去帮助他。

2. 要求不带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：see , watch , notice , look at , hear , listen to , feel , let , make , have等，这些词称为“感觉动词和使役动词”。例如：

A：I often hear him read English in his room . 我常听见他在房间里读英语。

B：Xiao Ming made the little boy laugh . 小明使得那个男孩笑了起来。

3. 动词help后作宾补的不定式，带不带to都可以。

She sometimes helps her mother (to) wash clothes . 她有时帮她妈妈洗衣服。

六、宾语＋现在分词：现在分词作宾补，此时在该句型中的宾语即为该分词逻辑上的主语。常带现在分词作宾补的动词是“感觉动词”和表示“致使”意义的动词。感觉动词后用心

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接不带to的不定式作宾补时，表示不定式的动作发生了，一般指事情的全过程；现在分词作宾补则表示动作正在进行。例如：

1. I saw them playing football . 我看见他们正在踢足球。

2. The news made him cry . 这消息使他哭了。

七、宾语＋过去分词：该结构中的宾语即为该过去分词逻辑上的宾语。例如：

1. I had my bike stolen . 我的自行车被偷了。

2. I saw the ground covered with snow . 我看到地上覆盖着雪。

注：A：使役动词have，make的宾语后接过去分词为宾补时表示被动，接动词原形则表示主动。例如：

1. I’ll have my watch mended . 我要去把手表修理一下。（请别人修而不是自己修）

2. I’ll have him mend my bike . 我要他给我修理一下自行车。（him和mend之间为主动关系。）

B：get , want , wish的宾语后接过去分词为宾补时表示被动关系；接带to的不定式时则表示主动关系。例如：

I want (wish) you to finish it by Thursday . 我要你在星期四前完成它。

I want it finished by Thursday . 我要此事在星期四前完成。

C：感觉动词see , hear , watch等的宾语后接过去分词表示被动，接动词原形或现在分词时则表示主动。例如：

I saw him beating (beat) the boy . 我看见他在打那个男孩。

I saw the boy beaten by him . 我看见那个男孩被他打了。

八、形式宾语＋形容词：

We found it impossible to get there before Sunday . 我们发现在星期天前到达那儿是不用心

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可能的。（it为形式宾语，to get there ……为动词不定式作实际宾语，impossible为宾补。）

九、宾语＋what从句：

1. Call me what you like . 你愿意叫我什么就叫什么。（从句what you like为宾语me的补语。）

2. Mr. Li has made the factory what it is today . 李先生使这个工厂成为现在的样子。

高考原题专练

1. Don’t leave the water______ while you brush your teeth. (2004天津) A run

B running

C being run

D to run 2. The flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. (2004上海)

A. causing

B. being caused

C. to be caused

D. be have caused 3. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents_____.

(2004重庆) A. worried

B. to worry

C. worrying

D. worry 4. Helen had to shout _____ above the sound of the music.

(2004广西)

A. making herself hear

B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard

D. to make herself heard 5. Helen had to shout______ above the sound of the music.

<2004全国III（内蒙古、海南等）> A making herself hear

B to make herself hear

C making herself heard

D to make herself heard 6. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it ____ often enough. (2005年天津) A. explaining B. to explain

C. explain D. explained 7. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, ____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. (2005上海) A. work

B. working

C. is working

D. are working 用心

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8. He suddenly saw Sue ____ the room. He pushed his way ____ the crowd of people to get to her. (2005 湖南) A. across; across

C. over; into

B. over; through

D. across; through 9. My advisor encouraged______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (2004北京)

A for me taking B me taking C for me to take

D me to take 10. ——Is Bob still performing? ——I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official. （2005江苏）

A. to have left

B. to leave

C. to have been left

D. to be left 11. If anyone happens to drop in while I am out,_____ him or her leave a message.

（2005福建）

A．have

B．get C．ask D．tell (key: BCADD; DCDDAA)

用心

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