Using LanguageⅠ教学实录及点评

Section_Ⅲ

Using_Language

Ⅰ.高频单词点击

1．bid vt.& vi.出价；投标→bade/bid(过去式)→bidden/bid(过去分词) n．出价；投标

2．triathlete n．三项全能运动员→triathlon n．三项全能运动

3．champion n．冠军；优胜者→championship n．冠军称号

4．therefore adv.因此；所以

5．economics n．经济学→economical adj.节俭的→economic adj.经济的

6．entire adj.全部的；完整的→entirely adv.完全地

7．attain vt.达到；获得→attainment n．到达，完成

8．courageous adj.勇敢的；有胆量的→courage n．勇气，胆量

9．appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激→appreciation n．感谢；感激；欣赏

10．accountant n. 会计→account vi.记账

11．receptionist n．招待员；接待员→reception n．招待；接待→receive vt. 接待；收到

12．politician n．政治家；政治→political adj.政治(方面)的→politics n. 政治活动

13．salary n．薪水

Ⅱ.重点短语必记

1．concentrate on

2．retire from

3．have a passion for

4．decide on

Ⅲ.常用句型必备

At the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games，she took the gold medal in the women's 10-meter platform，becoming the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time. Ⅳ.功能意念项目

表示惊奇(Surprise) 1．You're kidding！

2.That's wonderful! 3．How amazing/surprising!

4.Really! 5．How come?

6.It surprises me that... 7．What a surprise! 全神贯注于，集中注意力于

从……退休

热爱……

决定，选定

[单词点击]

1．bid

(1)vt.出价，投标

bid for

bid sth.for/on sth.

She bid ￡500 for the painting. 她叫价500镑买这幅画。

(2)n.出价，努力

make a bid of ￡

50

in one's bid to do sth.

make a bid for

He failed in his bid to reach the summit. 他攀登顶峰未能成功。

Many cities made the bid for the sponsorship of the 2020 Olympic Games and Tokyo succeeded in the end. 许多城市参加了2020年奥运会举办权的竞标，东京最终获得成功。

[即境活用1]

They put in the highest________for the house. A．currency

C．proposal

B．bid D．purchase 出50镑的价

企图，努力去做某事

争取

投标竞争

为……出价……

解析：选B

currency“流通；货币”；bid“投标，出价”；proposal“计划”；purchase“购买(力)”。由句意选B项。

2．therefore adv.因此，所以

I was ill，and therefore I could not come. 我病了，所以没能来。

therefore，so，for

(1)therefore副词，起连接作用。连接两个并列分句，其前面常用分号。

He broke the rules of our school；therefore he was criticized.他违反了校规，因此受到了批评。

(2)so 并列连词，表示结果，意为“因而，所以，那么，这样看来”。连接两个并列分

句，注意because与so不能搭配使用。

He hadn't worked hard，so he didn't pass the exam. 他没有努力学习，因此他考试不及格。

so也可为副词，表示程度，意为“如此，那么，非常，很”；或表示方式，意为“这样，那样，如此”。

(3)for prep.& conj. ①介词时，表示目的，意为“为了”。

②连词时，用来连接两个并列分句，有时特指说话者主观推测的原因，而不是直接原因；另外，for表示原因时，从来都是结果在前，原因在后。

I must be off now，for my sister is waiting for me. 我得走了，我姐姐正等着我呢。

[即境活用2]

She has never been to America________she doesn't know much about it. A．therefore

C．as a result of

B．and therefore D．for 解析：选B

therefore“因此”，是一个副词，前面要加连词and。故选B项。

3．entire adj.整个的；全部的；完全的；完整的

This would threaten the entire peace of the Middle East.这将威胁到中东全面的和平。

I am in entire agreement with you. 我完全同意你的看法。

entirely adv.

完全地

The building was entirely destroyed in the earthquake. 在地震中整个大楼被彻底毁掉。

entire，whole，all，total

(1)entire着重从个体方面着眼来强调事物的完整性。

The entire village was destroyed.整个村庄被毁。

(2)whole着重从整体方面着眼来说明事物的完整性。

The workers devoted their whole energy to the task. 工人们把全部精力都放在工作上。

(3)all着重指“整体”，指由“个体”或“部分”组成的整体。可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词，指整个范围或全部数量。位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词、基数词的前面。

All the Chinese people are going all out for the realization of the four modernizations.

全中国人民正在全力以赴为实现四个现代化而奋斗。

(4)total指数量程度的“全部”，把一切都计算在内。

What's the total population of China? 中国的总人口是多少？

用entire，whole，all，total填空

[即境活用3]

(1)He spent________his money in gambling. (2)It took us an________week to prepare for the experiment. (3)Her________income is D|S10,000 a year. (4)Sara seldom stays at home for a ________evening. (5)He had worked________his life in the mine. (6)The________cost was far higher than expected.

答案：(1)all

(2)entire

(3)total

(4)whole

(5)all (6)total 4．appreciate vt.赏识，鉴赏，感激

(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing I would appreciate it if ...

(2)appreciation n.

重视/感激……

假如……，我将不胜感激

欣赏；感激

There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. 有各种各样的艺术网站可以帮助学生欣赏和创作艺术作品。

I really appreciate cooperating with someone who does such a good job. 我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。

I'd like to show/express my appreciation for everything you've done. 我想对您所做的一切表示感激。

注意：当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。

I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.(山东高考写作) 如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议我将不胜感激。

I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我讨厌别人满嘴食物说话。

[即境活用4]

I would appreciate ________，

to be frank, if goods could be delivered as soon as possible. A．you

B．this

C．it

D．myself 解析：选C

考查代词。此处it作形式宾语，代替后面的“if goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank为插入语。

5．salary n．[C，U]薪水

She is on a salary of D|S 24,000 a year. 她的年薪是2.4万美元。

salary，income，pay，wages，fee，tip

(1)salary指从事脑力劳动的人(如事务员，记者，教师，牧师等)的薪水。定期发放，常以一个月或一年为期限。

(2)income收入，收益，进款(统称)。

(3)pay薪水、工资，最普通用语。特指海陆军人及其他在政府部门工作的人员的薪金。

(4)wages(pl.)工资，指劳动者、工人的工资，通常指给予短期工作者的报酬，多为每周发放或计时、计件工资。

(5)fee手续费，薪金；指付给律师、医师或其他专业人员的薪金、学费。

(6)tip在服务场所付给为你提供服务的人的额外费用即“小费”。

用salary，wages，tip，pay，fee，income填空

[即境活用5]

(1)Truck drivers are demanding high________. (2)He earns a________of D|S100,000 a year. (3)________at the cannery are very low. (4)Do you give a________to the waiter? (5)Unearned________is taxed at a higher rate. (6)The lawyer charged a high________for this case. 答案：(1)pay

(2)salary

(3)Wages

(4)tip

(5)income

(6)fee [短语精析]

concentrate on全神贯注于；集中注意力于

(1)concentrate on (doing) sth.

concentrate one's mind/attention/energy on

(2)fix/focus one's mind/attention on ...

(3)concentration n.

集中注意力于……

集中；专心

集中注意力；致力于；专心于

专心(做)某事

Playing computer games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must

concentrate on our studies. 放学后玩电脑游戏能给我们带来快乐和放松，但是作为学生，我们必须集中精力学习。

We must focus our attention on urgent problems. 我们必须把注意力集中在紧急的问题上。

Speaking on the phone requires concentration and takes a driver's attention from the road. 打电话需要集中注意力，这样就分散了司机对路面的注意力。

[即境活用6]

________ the loud noise going on in the workshop, I can hardly ________ on my lessons. A．As; put

C．With; rely

B．As; concentrate D．With; concentrate 解析：选D

句意：由于讲习班声音嘈杂，我几乎不能集中注意力做功课。“________ the loud noise going on in the workshop”为with的复合结构；concentrate on“专注于……”。

[句型归纳]

At the 1992 Barcelona Olympic games，she took the gold medal in the women's 10-meter platform，becoming the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time.在1992年巴塞罗那奥运会上，她获得了十米跳台的金牌，成为奥运会有史以来最年轻的跳水冠军。

本句中becoming the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time是现在分词短语作结果状语。

The parents died in the Ludian Earthquake, leaving him an orphan. 在鲁甸地震中他的父母死了，使他成了孤儿。

现在分词表示自然而然的结果；不定式表示意想不到的结果，其前常加only。

He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.(天津高考) 他起晚了，然后匆忙赶到办公室，早饭根本没动。

George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.(山东高考) 乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了他。

[即境活用7]

(1)(天津高考)Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ________ it didn't fit. A．to find

C．finding

B．found D．having found 解析：选A

考查非谓语动词。从本句中的took the dress out of和tried it on可知，她急于试这件衣服，句中的it didn't fit表明这件衣服不合适，因此这里用不定式表示“出乎意料

的结果”。

(2)(新课标全国卷Ⅱ)I got to the office earlier that day，________ the 7：30 train from Paddington. A．caught

C．to catch

B．to have caught D．having caught 解析：选D

由句意可知catch the 7：30 train这一动作发生在谓语动词got to the office之前，故用现在分词的完成时。

写人的记叙文是一种最普遍、最基本的写作文体。该种记叙文必须以某个人物为中心组织材料，围绕该人物某一件事或几件事来进行叙述。写作时，应注意以下几个方面：

1．主题鲜明，内容清楚。确切地说，在记叙时要把有关的时间、地点、人物、原因等因素交代清楚，才能给人以完整的印象。

2．层次分明，有条有理。记叙时，应按故事或事件发生的时间顺序依次进行叙述。写作时，要有开头、正文及结尾。若涉及几个人或几件事，或一件大事中还包括小事时，还需要对记叙的事情做出分析，分清主线和副线，围绕主线安排副线。

3．详略得当，主次适宜。记叙事情时，要注意主题鲜明突出、清楚具体。写人时，要抓住典型事例、典型行动。对中心事件和最能表现中心思想的地方，要详细叙述；次要的方面就少写或不写。

【写作任务】

请根据下表中的内容写一篇100词左右的短文。

姓名

出生地

职业

简介及照片杨振宁

安徽

物理学家

性别

出生日期

教育背景

男

国籍

美籍华人

如何写人物

1922年9月22日

清华大学研究生；美国芝加哥大学博士

1950年在美国结婚，婚后有两子一女，均在美国安家立业

1957年和李政道一起获得诺贝尔物理学奖

1998年起任清华大学教授

2004年12月从美国回国并定居清华园，在清华大学教授物理

获得多种荣誉，是许多大学的荣誉教授

注意：1.所写短文应包括所有要点，但不可逐字翻译；

2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Yang Zhenning，an American Chinese physicist，was born... ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【范文在线】

Yang Zhenning，an American Chinese physicist，was born on September 22,1922，in Anhui Province，China.After receiving his master's degree in Qinghua University，he got his doctor's degree in America's Chicago University.He got married in 1950 and had two sons and a daughter，all of whom had built their homes in the US.In 1957，he and his partner Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize for physics.Yang has been invited to be a professor in Qinghua University since 1998.In December,2004，he returned to homeland from America and settled down in the university，beginning his teaching in Qinghua.In all his life，he has been given lots of honors and titled as the honored professor for many universities. 【靓点点击】

1．本文从整体上来看，结构紧凑、详略得当、中心突出。

2．文中使用了比较复杂的语法形式。如：an American Chinese physicist(同位语)；had two sons and a daughter，all of whom had built their homes...(非限制性定语从句)；and settled down in the university，beginning his teaching in Qinghua(分词作伴随状语)。

3．文中的receive one's master's degree，be invited to do，settle down等高级词汇及短语的应用也给文章增色不少。

请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文，要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且须包括以下三部分内容：

1．对该人物的简单介绍；

2．喜欢该人物的理由；

3．从该人物身上得到的启示。

Thomas Edison inventor；creative；diligent；full of wisdom “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”

参考范文：

Helen Keller ordinary but great woman；disabled；optimistic；

eager to learn William Shakespeare writer；talented；imaginative；

man of all ages “...if I had the power of sight for three days.”

“Life is a stage...”

Thomas Edison

Born in America，Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating.In fact，he was a man full of imagination. I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world.He had more than 1,000 inventions.In his life time，he was always eager to know how things worked，which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”．He was also so diligent that he worked day and night.And this explained why he had so many great inventions. What impresses me most is his famous saying，“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”

Probably I cannot be an Edison myself，but I can be a hardworking learner.From him，I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born，but what you are doing and how you do it in your life. Helen Keller

Every time I read “...if I had the power of sight for three days”，I cannot help being moved by its author Helen Keller，an ordinary but great American woman. I admire Helen because she is optimistic about life.She became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old.Since then she lived in a world of darkness and silence，and communication seemed only a dream for her.But she never gave up and struggled to lead an active life.Under the guidance of her teacher，Ms.Sulliven，Helen learned to read and write and became a famous writer.For a disabled person like her，this was really a wonder! Helen has set an excellent example to all of us.Her story tells us that we should value what we have，and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life. William Shakespeare

Do you know Hamlet？Have you read The

Merchant

of

Venice？These two great works are both written by William Shakespeare，my favorite English writer and the man of all ages! Shakespeare，a son from a poor family，a man of little education，wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.I like him because his comedies and tragedies bring me into a fantastic

world；I love him because his poems let me enjoy the beauty of the English language；I admire him because his keen sights set me thinking and teach me how to lead a meaningful life! Since “Life is a stage”，we are actually all actors and actresses.On this stage，everyone has his own role to play，and I will try my best to play my role well.

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．He b______D|S5 for an old book. 答案：bid 2．The little boy is j______with balls. 答案：juggling 3．We really a__________her offering to help. 答案：appreciated 4．We spent an e______day on the beach. 答案：entire 5．He is an________(业余爱好者) in table tennis. 答案：amateur 6．Because he's younger，he，________(因此)，needs more sleep. 答案：therefore 7．The newspaper publishes a ________(简介) of a leading sportsman every week. 答案：profile 8．Jones worked so hard that he________(达到) his sales goal for the month. 答案：attained Ⅱ.单句改错

1．I regret telling you that you have to take the exam again as you have failed to pass it. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：telling改为to tell 2．Mr.Wang preferred staying at home rather than go out for a walk. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：go 改为going 3．He was seriously ill.However，he couldn't go to work. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：However改为Therefore 4．I do appreciate you to help me.

________________________________________________________________________ 答案：to help改为helping 5．Don't be hard to him.After all，he is only a child. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：to改为on Ⅲ.单项填空

1．He injured his leg and________couldn't play in the game. A．therefore

C．in which case

B．however D．in this way 解析：选A

由句意知前后为因果关系，故用therefore。

2．Oil prices have risen by 51 percent since the start of the year，________a record of US D|S 79.74 a barrel on July 14. A．have reached

C．to reach

B．reaching D．to be reaching 解析：选B

本题的考点是非谓语动词作状语。现在分词作结果状语表示顺理成章、必然结果，而不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果。分析句意可知，这儿是必然的、显而易见的结果，故用现在分词。

3．The ship at last________the harbour. A．attained

C．attained to

B．has attained D．has attained to 解析：选C

attain可作不及物动词，意为“到达”。由句意可知，C项正确。

4．I don't appreciate________like a second-class citizen. A．being treated

C．treating

B．to be treated D．to treat 解析：选A

appreciate后接v.-ing形式作宾语，再由句意可知，I与treat为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动形式。故选A项。

5．He will not be out of debt until he gets________next week. A．income

C．pay

B．fee D．paid 解析：选D

get＋v.-ed表被动。get paid得到工资。

6．While Jack is a(n)________，he does so well in that he is up to the professional level. A．student

C．beginner

B．outsider D．amateur 解析：选D

由句中professional level可知Jack是一个业余爱好者，即amateur。

Ⅳ.阅读理解

It was an early September day，cool and bright and just right for running，and I was in the first few miles of a 10-knownmile race over a course with a few high hills.Still，I felt energetic；despite the hills it was going to be a fine run. Just ahead of me was Peggy Mimno，a teacher from Mount Kiseo，New York.She too was running easily，moving along at my speed.The pace felt comfortable，so I decided to stay where I was；why pay attention to pace when she was setting such a nice one？I'd overtake(追上) her later on when she tired. So I ran behind her.The course headed north for miles，wandered west for a hilly mile，then turned south again along a winding road.The race was getting harder.We had four miles left and already it was beginning to be real work. Peggy overtook a young runner.She seemed to know him，for they exchanged a few cheerful words as she passed him.Their exchange worried me.You don't chat during a race unless feeling good，and Peggy plainly was. Still，I was close enough to overtake her if she tired，so I didn't give up hope completely.We were getting nearer to a long，punishing hill now and it would be the test.We were a mile from the finish line，so whatever happened on the hill would almost determine who crossed it first. As I moved up the hill，my attention wandered for a few minutes.When I looked up，Peggy was moving away—first five yards，then ten，then more.Finally it was clear that there was no help of catching her.She beat me soundly. There is an important lesson in that race.Women are thought to be weaker，slower and not nearly as skilled in sport.Yet as Peggy Mimno so clearly showed，the similarities between men and women runners are more important than differences.I have run with a number of women，and I can say it is often hard work. 1．What did the writer think of the race in the beginning? A．It would be hard work. B．It would be an easy race. C．It would be a test of his strength. D．It would be a good learning experience. 解析：选B

细节理解题。第一段告诉我们作者一开始认为这是一次轻松的比赛。

2．What worried the writer when Peggy greeted the young runner? A．Peggy overtook the young runner. B．Peggy was running energetically. C．Peggy was laughing at the writer.

D．Peggy paid no attention to the writer. 解析：选B

推理判断题。从第二段可以看出，作者担心的是Peggy精力充沛地跑着。

3．By saying “a long，punishing hill”(Paragraph 5)，the writer implies that ________. A．Peggy would fail to reach the hilltop B．men are more skilled at climbing hills C．overtaking Peggy would be easy D．climbing the hill would be a demanding task 解析：选D

字句理解题。由所在句子的语境可以看出，在比赛中爬山是一项费力的任务。

4．What lesson does the writer learn from the race? A．Women are as good as men in sport. B．Women are better at climbing hills. C．He should have more training in a cross-country race. D．He should set a quicker pace at the beginning.

解析：选A

推理判断题。整篇短文就是介绍了作者和Peggy赛跑的故事，Peggy的胜利说明在体育方面妇女和男人一样优秀。