Learning about Language课时教学实录

Unit 3 Computers Using the language Teaching aims:

1.Make the students learn the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 2.Help the students master the way of using the correct voice, telling the differences between the active voice and the passive voice. Teaching key and difficult point: the Present Perfect Passive Voice. Teaching Proceures: Step 1: Observation

Observe the following sentences, and find something in common. (1)Over time I have been changed quite a lot.

(2)That book has been translated into at least 12 foreign languages.

Step 2: Presentation Ⅰ.概念(The concept)：

1. 说话时已经完成

的动作或出现的结果。

2. 主语是行为动作的承受者。

【注意】

1. 过去分词前有两个助动词have/has和been。

2. 必须表示被动。

I ____________(tell) about it many times．

The bridge ________________(build)．

Ⅱ.句型(the sentence patterns)：

现在完成时被动语态肯定句句型：

主语+ have/has been +done

These trees ________________(water) lately.

现在完成时被动语态否定句句型：

主语+ have/has +not+ been+done

The task _____________________(finish) yet.

Many workers_____________________（train) in the company.

3. 现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句句型：

Have/Has

+主语

+ been+ done ...?

Has a new computer been bought ?

Have they been sent abroad to study English? 4. 现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句句型：

疑问词+

have/has + 主语+ been+done ...?

Where has the car been repaired? Who have been helped by the new computer?

How many buildings have been built in this school?

【即学即练】

Making up sentences using present perfect passive voice: 1.The buildings, destroy, in the earthquake

The buildings _________________in the earthquake.

2. the shared bikes, use, not,in some big cities The shared bikes _________________in some big cities. 3. A new bridge, build, in our city

A new bridge _____________in our city.

4. many trees , plant,in the desert Many trees ________________ in the desert. Ⅲ. 用法

1.现在完成时的被动语态同他的主动语态一样，

强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或后果already,yet, just, never, recently 等副词

(常放在have或has之后)连用。

The work has already been completed. 2. 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How long...?句型中。

My car has been repaired for two days. The house has been painted since the family moved out.

3. 用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作.

We will start as soon as the work has been finished.

【即学即练】

1.The important problem _________________ (discuss) for nearly two weeks. 2.How long has the machine ___________ (use)?

常用于现在完成时的句子中，since then /since +从句,so far, by now, up to now, recently, lately, already, yet, in/during the past/last + 段时间等。

注意：

1. 只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词(词组)没有被动语态。

例如: happen, take place, die, appear, disappear,

fail, remain, lie, last, sit, stand, break out, come

true, belong to等。

What _____________(happen) to your brother?

2. 但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的动词短语，相当于及物

动词，也可以有被动语态。但动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。

The child ______________ (take) good care of by his grandma all these years. A notice ___________(put) up on the wall. 3. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思, 则需改换动词或时态。

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought?

(

) How long ago was this book bought?

(

)

【高考链接】完成句子。

1.(2016·天津高考) The dictionary is out of date: many words

_______________(add) to the language since it was published. 这本词典过时了。自从它发行以来，许多词已经被添加到语言中。

2. (2015·天津高考)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _______________ (reach) so far by the two sides.

虽然经过了先前几轮的谈判,但是到目前为止,双方没有达成共识。

3. (2014·天津高考)We won’t start the work until all the preparations _________________

(make). 我们在所有的准备做好之后才开始工作。

4. (2013•北京高考)Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ________________

(make) into at least ten different films over the past years.

莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》在过去几年里被制作成了至少十部不同的电影。

Step3: Class exercises

把下列主动语态转化为被动语态: 1. People play football all over the world. Football __________ all over the world by people. 2. Did they ask him some questions? _____________ any questions by them? 3. They warned Mary that the dog was dangerous. Mary ____________ that the dog was dangerous by them.

4. Who has broken the window? By whom _____ the window ________________? 5. You forgave him his rudeness, didn’t you? He _________________ his rudeness by you, wasn’t he?

6. Should we do the work today or tomorrow? ________ the work __________ today or tomorrow by us?

Step4: Homework 1.Summary the rules of this grammar. 2.Finish off Exercise. 1 & 2 on Page 57.