Learning about Language优秀教学设计

Period Two

Integrating Skills

Ⅰ.单词

1．n.生产；制造production 细菌bacteria 营养；滋养nutrition 矿物；矿石mineral 发现；发觉discovery 根；根源root 总结；摘要summary 2．v.使迷惑；使为难confuse 遗憾；惋惜regret 减少；减缩reduce 浏览；略读skim 画底线标出；强调underline 表达意见；作出评论comment 3．adj.化学的chemical Ⅱ.短语

1．逐渐增强；建立；开发build up 2．导致；造成(后果)lead to 3．集中(注意力、精力等)于focus on 4．使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)keep...free from/of 5．给……造成损害cause damage to 6．此外，另外in addition 7．转向；向……求助turn to

Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil，making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. 像豌豆和大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的

农作物比如玉米和小麦。

1．regret vt.遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾；懊悔

[归纳拓展]

regret doing＝regret having done后悔做了某事

regret to do sth.遗憾将要做某事

regret to say/tell/inform...遗憾地说/告诉/通知……

to one’s regret令某人感到遗憾的是

with regret遗憾地

[语境助记]

(1)Tom regretted telling his parents the thing. 汤姆后悔告诉了父母那件事。

(2)I regretted to tell you you hadn’t passed the driving test. 我很遗憾地告诉你你没有通过驾驶考试。

(3)Much to my regret，I am unable to accept your kind invitation.我不能接受你的盛情邀请，深感抱歉。

[题组训练]

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①I now regret leaving (leave) school so young. ②I regret to inform (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed. (2)They failed to pass the exam last time.I regretted not being able to help (没能帮助) them. 2．Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.很多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病。

[归纳拓展]

(1)lead to引起，导致

lead sb.to sp.把某人带到某地

lead sb.to do sth.使某人去做某事

lead to sb./sb.’s doing sth.导致(某人)某事

lead a．..life过着……的生活

(2)to为介词的短语还有

be used to习惯于

be devoted to致力于，忠诚于

admit to承认

get down to着手做

look forward to盼望

[语境助记]

(1)In given conditions，a bad thing can lead to good results.在一定的条件下，一件坏事可以产生好的结果。

(2)The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught.新证据的发现导致这个小偷被逮。

(3)What led you to take up acting as a career? 是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？

[题组训练]

(1)What led him to kill (kill) his wife?

(2)The driver’s carelessness led to (导致) the serious traffic accident. (3)We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only leads to (导致) violence. 3．With these discoveries，some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.

由于这些发现，一些农民和消费者开始转向有机耕作。

[归纳拓展]

turn to转向；求助于；翻到(书的某页) turn down拒绝；调小

turn in上交

turn on/off 打开/关上

turn out证明是，结果是

turn over翻转，翻身

turn up出现，到场，露面；开大

[语境助记]

(1)He often turns to the police when in trouble. 有困难时他经常向警察求助。

(2)Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city. 他们的话题转到城市发生的变化上。

(3)Once he turned up thirty minutes late for a meeting. 曾经有一次他到达会议时迟到了30分钟。

[题组训练]

(1)She has nobody she can turn to(她可以求助的)．

(2)Many people here are turning to (转向) solar power. (3)Turn to (翻到) page 65 for more information. (4)—You look upset.What’s the matter? —I had my proposal turned down (拒绝) again. 4．They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.

他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。

[归纳拓展]

focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于

focus n．焦点；中心点；vt.集中；聚焦

focus one’

s attention/mind on集中注意力/心思于

[语境助记]

(1)The discussion focused on three main problems. 讨论集中在三个主要问题上。

(2)Please focus your attention on what he is saying. 请把注意力集中在他说的话上。

[题组训练]

(1)All her energies are focused on (集中于……) her children. (2)Her beauty makes her the focus of attention(关注的焦点)．

(3)介词填空

Public attention at the moment is focused on the problem of environment balance. 5．A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.

健康的土壤会减少病虫害并且帮助农作物茁壮成长。

[归纳拓展]

reduce vt.减少；缩小；使……陷入某种更糟的状态

reduce sth.to...减少到……

reduce sth.by...减少了……

be reduced to 沦落为……

[语境助记]

(1)He is trying to reduce expenses. 他正试图减少开支。

(2)We must gradually reduce the wage gap. 我们必须逐步缩小工资差距。

(3)The shopkeeper reduced the price by 10. 店主把价格降了10美元。

[题组训练]

(1)She reduced her weight by 5 kilos. 她的体重减少了5公斤。

(2)The poor boy is reduced to begging in the street. 那个可怜的孩子沦落到沿街乞讨。

(3)The skirt was reduced to ￡10 in the sale. 在大减价期间，这条裙子减价到10英镑。

6．This also keeps the air，soil，water and crops free from chemicals.

这还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。

[归纳拓展]

keep...free from/of使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物) free from不含(有害物等的)；不受……伤害(或影响等的) for free/free of charge免费

free sb./oneself/sth. of/from sth.解除，去除

[语境助记]

(1)This medicine can keep you free from pain. 这种药可以止痛。

(2)We should use new energy to keep our environment free of pollution. 我们应当使用新能源，使我们的环境免受污染。

(3)These exercises help free the body of tension. 这些锻炼可以使紧张的身体放松。

[题组训练]

(1)We should keep ourselves free from drugs (使自己不受毒品的伤害)．

(2)We’ve managed to keep the garden free from weeds (使花园免受杂草的伤害) this year. (3)Free from (从……摆脱出来) endless homework on weekends，the students now find their own activities，such as taking a ride together to watch the sunrise. 7．Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil，making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.

像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物，比如小麦或玉米。

[归纳拓展]

making it ready for crops...是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示由前面的事情引起的一种自然的结果。动词不定式作结果状语时，多表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面加上only，以加强语气。

[语境助记]

(1)His parents died early，leaving him an orphan. 他的父母早亡，他成了孤儿。

(2)The firefighter cut off the wire，preventing a big fire. 这名消防队员剪断了电线，阻止了一场大火的发生。

(3)We hurried to the station only to be told that the train had left. 我们急匆匆赶到车站，结果被告知火车已开走了。

[题组训练]

(1)More highways have been built in China，making (make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. (2)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，reaching (reach) a record US 57.65 a barrel on April 4. (3)A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city，killing (kill) all four people on board.

8．Swap summaries with your partner and give each other comments.

和你的搭档交换摘要并互作评论。

[归纳拓展]

comment n．评论；议论；vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论

comment on/upon对……进行评论

make comments/no comment on...对……进行评论/不进行评论

no comment无可奉告

[语境助记]

(1)The scandal caused a lot of comment. 这件丑闻遭到很多议论。

(2)He did not comment on what I said. 他对我的话未作评论。

[题组训练]

(1)Do you have any comments to make (make)on the recent developments? (2)—Will you resign，Minister? —No comment (无可奉告)! (3)She was asked about the pay increase but made no comment (不进行评论)on it.

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．A balanced diet provides nutrition(营养) for your body.

2．Several new productions(作品) will appear this month. 3．Often，chemical(化学的)materials used for industrial productions cause dangerous forms of waste. 4．The receiver creates its own summary(摘要) and compares it with the one we sent. 5．The discovery(发现)

that her assistant had lied made Patty decide to fire him. Ⅱ.选词填空

be confused about，reduce to，lead to，turn to，focus on，keep...free from...

1．There is no doubt that stress can lead to physical illness. 2．We will focus on three main topics. 3．I am still a little confused about what happened. 4．By exercising，her weight has reduced to 98 jin. 5．If you have any questions，you can turn to me at any time. 6．We would like to keep a world free from violence for children. Ⅲ.句型转换

1．The old lady is not only a successful scientist but also an excellent violinist. The old lady is an excellent violinist as well as a successful scientist. 2．Besides，there is one further point to make. In addition，there is one further point to make. 3．He comes to see me every week. He comes to see me every seven days. 4．A heavy rain stopped me coming here yesterday. A heavy rain prevented/kept me from coming here yesterday. 5．His company becomes larger and larger. His business is expanding. 6．Everyone commented on his new hat. Everyone made comments on his new hat.

Ⅰ.课文理解

1．The writer seems to agree that

. A．natural fertilizers are better than chemical fertilizers B．chemical fertilizers are better than natural fertilizers C．farmers prefer chemical fertilizers because they can improve the soil D．organic farmers change crops every two or three years because they want to produce more kinds

of crops 答案

A 2．Organic farmers prefer

. A．chemical fertilizers B．natural fertilizers C．natural and chemical fertilizers D．some kind of chemical fertilizers 答案

B 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．All farming is organic farming. B．Using natural waste from animals can help reduce disease in crops and help them grow strong and healthy. C．Farmers often grow the same crops year after year.In this way，they can have a good harvest. D．Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to make full use of the field. 答案

B 4．

so that the soil may not get exhausted. A．Farmers grow the same crops year after year B．Farmers use natural fertilizers C．Farmers change crops every two or three years D．Farmers use chemical fertilizers 答案

C Ⅱ.阅读理解

Ellen Parker was worried about her health.She couldn’t walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs，she was soon out of breath. “I suppose I had better go to the doctor，”she thought. She went to the doctor and told him her problem. “I’m not at all surprised，”he said.“It’s clear what your problem is.”

He examined her and then gave her some advice.“If you don’t do what I say，Mrs Parker，”

he said，“then you will have a heart attack.It could kill you.”

Ellen was very worried as she left the doctor’s. She knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and that it would take time. The next day she went shopping.The first shop she went into was a butcher’s shop. “I’d like ten pounds of steak，please，”she said.

“Certainly，madam，”the butcher replied and went into the cold storage room and found a large piece of steak. He brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and placed it on the scale(秤)．

“That’s just under ten pounds，”

he said. The butcher worked out the price. “At 4.99 a pound that will be 45.50 please.Shall I cut it up into small pieces for you？”

“Oh，I don’t want to buy the meat，”Mrs Parker said. “If you don’t want to buy it，”the butcher replied，“why did you ask me to get it for you？”

“I just wanted to see what 10 pounds of meat looked like.”

1．Mrs Ellen Parker visited her doctor because

. A．she had had a heart attack B．she was unhappy about her weight C．she had a problem with her health D．she couldn’t sleep well 答案

C 解析

细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Ellen Parker was worried about her health.”可知她有健康问题所以去看医生，故选C。

2．After the doctor examined Mrs Ellen Parker，he advised her to

. A．eat more meat B．lose weight C．come and see him again D．look after her heart 答案

B 解析

推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“...it was difficult for her to climb stairs，she was soon out of breath.”下文中的“She knew that...it would take time.”及文章最后一句可以推出医生让她减肥，故选B。

3．Mrs Ellen Parker asked for ten pounds of steak because

. A．she wanted to buy some for dinner B．she wanted to lose weight C．her doctor asked her to do so D．she wanted to know the size of 10pound meat 答案

D 解析

细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“‘I just wanted to see what 10 pounds of meat looked like.’”知，她只是想看看十斤肉到底有多大，故选D。

4．Mrs Ellen Parker’s real problem was that

. A．she ate too much steak B．she couldn’t walk quickly C．she weighed too much D．she couldn’t climb stairs 答案

C 解析

推理判断题。根据短文可知她的体重严重超重，所以医生建议她减肥，故选C。

Ⅲ.阅读填空

Although different universities in the US have different admissions policies，most determine admission based on several standards，including students’

high school course of study，high school Grade Point Average(GPA)，participation in activities，SAT or ACT exam scores，a written essay，and possibly a personal interview. The university admissions office considers whether a student has taken courses in high school that have prepared him or her for more difficult coursework.A student’s high school GPA is also considered.

1

Each litter grade is assigned a number of points：A＝4 points，B＝3，C＝2，D＝1 and F＝0 point.A GPA is calculated by adding all of the points earned for each course grade and dividing the total points by the total number of courses taken.

2

Universities prefer to see applications from high school students who have engaged in activities in their spare time，such as clubs，athletic teams and student government.

3

Most students in the US take the SAT Reasoning Test or the ACT during their final year of

high school.Each university sets a minimum SAT or ACT score that a student must achieve in order to be admitted.These are standardized quantitative examinations.The SAT tests critical reading，math and writing skills.

4

Students are often required to write an essay as part of the application process.

5

The applicants may also be required to have a personal interview with a representative from the admissions office. A．A student who fails a required course must repeat the course. B．A GPA is a figure representing a student’s accumulated grades. C．Each admissions office determines the length and content of the essay. D．For

example，a GPA of 3.0 is a “B”

average for all of the courses taken. E．A student graduates after he or she has successfully passed all the required courses. F．The ACT tests English，math，reading，science reasoning and optional writing. G．Voluntary participation in these activities shows students have learned valuable life lessons. 答案

1.B

2.D

3.G

4.F

5.C

Ⅳ.完形填空

In 1990 a report was published about what the earth might be like 20 years from then on.The report was a result of a threeyear

1

. According to the report，the picture of the earth in the year 2010 is not a

2

one.The world will be more

3

because the population will continue to grow.The population could be

4

6,300 million，almost 2,115 million more than that in 1985.More people would move into cities，especially cities in

5

countries.Cities like Cairo and Jakarta probably would

6

have 15 million by then. Food production will

7

，but not enough to feed all the people.Farmers will grow 90% more food than they did in 1985，

8

most of the increase would be in countries that

9

produce enough food for their people.Little increase is

10

in South Asia，Africa and the Middle East.Poor farming ways are

11

large areas of crop land，changing farms into deserts.More farmland is

12

as cities become larger and more houses are built.

13

will get worse as industrial countries burn more coal and oil.Many of the world’s

14

could disappear as more and more trees are cut down.Energy will continue to be a serious problem.The experts say their picture of the earth for the year 2010

15

.They only carried out the situation that

16

today.By changing the situation，by

17

the problems，the picture can be changed.There is

18

time for the nations of the world to work

19

a plan of action.But they warned that

20

too long to make decisions would greatly reduce the chances of success. 1．A.learning

C．notice

答案

D 解析

study 意为“研究”，根据下文，这是指对未来20年地球上的情况变化所作的研究。

2．A.pleased

C．safe

答案

B 解析

与后面的人口增长、环境污染等联系起来看，在2010年地球上的状况(picture)将会令人不愉快(pleasant)。

3．A.dangerous

C．crowded

答案

C 解析

因为人口继续增长，所以世界会越来越拥挤(crowded)。

4．A.no more than

C．as much as

B．as many as D．as large as

B．beautiful D．terrible

B．pleasant D．blue

B．project D．study

答案

D 解析

指人口数目多用large，少用small。指人口达到某一数目用“as large as＋数词”。

5．A.developing

C．big

答案

A 解析

从现状来看，人口增长快的国家多为发展不发达的国家；而城市人口急剧增长的则是一些发展中国家(developing countries)。

6．A.none

C．all

答案

B 解析

前面提到了两个城市，故此空只能填each；neither具有否定意义，不合句意，也不能插入谓语之中。

7．A.insist

C．increase

答案

C 解析

临近几句是讲粮食增长问题，故选increase“增长”。

8．A.so

C．or

答案

B 解析

前后两句具有转折意义：农民所生产的粮食将比1985多百分之九十，但多数增产粮食的国家是已经有足够粮食供人们生活的国家。

9．A.already

C．partly

答案

A 解析

already 意为“已经”，由下句可知，是指已经有足够粮食供人们生活的国家。

10．A.wanted

C．found

答案

D 解析

expect意为“预计”。句意为：在南亚、非洲和中东国家预计增产幅度不大。

11．A.destroying

C．disturbing

答案

A 解析

由“changing farms into deserts”可知，不当的农业生产方式毁坏(destroy)了大片生产粮食的土地。

B．protecting D．interrupting

B．lacked D．expected

B．hardly D．never

B．but D．however

B．reduce D．continue

B．each D．neither

B．developed D．mountainous

12．A.saved

B．lost D．used C．discovered

答案

B 解析

由于扩建城市，修建房屋，必然侵占大量农田，故选lost(失去)。

13．A.Air pollution

C．Some diseases

答案

A 解析

由burn more coal and oil必然排放大量烟雾，可推知：此处指空气污染(air pollution)。

14．A.animals

C．forests

答案

C 解析

由“more and more trees are cut down.”可推知，此处指森林(forests)可能消失。

15．A.must be true

C．can’t be true

答案

D 解析

此句意为：专家说地球到2010年的状况可能会不好。

16．A.happens

C．exists

答案

C 解析

exist 意为“存在”。由上下文可知，环境正遭受污染和破坏，专家们只是保存现在的状况。

17．A.settling

C．answering

答案

A 解析

settle the problems 意为“解决问题”。

18．A.no

C．less

答案

B 解析

still 意为“还有”，加强语气。句意为：现在还有时间给世界各国制定行动计划。

19．A.about

C．out

答案

C 解析

work out a plan 意为“制定计划”。

20．A.working

B．suggesting

B．in D．for

B．still D．plenty of

B．working out D．dealing

B．develops D．appears

B．will come true D．may be wrong

B．plants D．people

B．Water pollution D．All farmland

C．spending

答案

D

D．waiting 解析

句意为：专家们警告说等待太长的时间作出决定将会极大地减少成功的机会。