Learning about Language精品学案

高一英语必修二被动语态复习教案

【学习目标】

1. 学生能够熟练掌握8种常见时态被动语态的结构、用法及注意事项。

2. 能够熟练并灵活运用被动语态正确做题。

【重点难点】

1.重点：熟练掌握8种常见时态被动语态的结构、用法及注意事项。

2.难点：能够熟练并灵活运用被动语态正确做题。

【学情分析】学生能够说出各个时态被动语态的结构，但是做题的时候容易丢掉be动

词和过去分词，还有一些注意事项和易错点也是学生容易出错的地方。

【导学流程】

一、回顾旧知

被动语态的含义、结构。

二、自主学习

△8种常用时态的被动语态：

1. 结构：由“助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。 (1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。

如： Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。

(2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。

如： The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。 (3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。

如： The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。 (4) 过去进行时：was/were/being +过去分词。

如： This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。 (5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。

如： The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。 (6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。

如： The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。 (7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。

如： This novel has been translated into several languages.这本小说已被译成了几种

语言。

[来源学§科§网Z§X§X§K]

(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。

如： When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.

我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。 2. 被动语态的主要用法： ■当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。

、如：The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(不知谁打破的) They have been poorly paid. 他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的) ■

突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。 如：The time-table has been changed. 时间表已变动了。(要突出的是“时间”) ■

为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者。

如： You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 请您在下次会议上作个发言。 3. 主动语态变被动语态的方法： 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词)，将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语)： He stole our money.→Our money was stolen by him. 【注】(1)若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略： The house was built in 1978. 这座房子是1978年建的。

(2) 在转变语态时，要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性： The students will study the problem. →The problem will be studied by the students. 4. 双宾动词的被动语态 双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意：

源学+科+网][来

(1) 有些双宾动词(如buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)

He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。 → She was given some money. / Some money was given to him. He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。 → A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch. (2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)： Father made me a doll. → A doll was made for me. He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her.

(3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语： He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him. 5. 含有情态动词的被动形式 若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词，在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词，其结构为“情态动词+be(或be的适当时态形式)+过去分词”： Everyone must know this. →This must be known by everyone. 请看以下带情态动词被动句实例： This can’t be done in a short time.

这不是短期内可以完成的。 She may have been sent to work elsewhere.

她可能被派到别处工作去了。 6.下列动词（词组）没有被动式： (1) happen, take place, break out, belong to (2) 不及物动词sell, wash, read , write,等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 ①

An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。 An accident happened yesterday. ②

The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。 ○

The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。 ○

This book sells well.这本书畅销。

○

The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。

○

The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。

三、小组讨论

1. Good books ____ again and again.

A. should be readed

B. should be read

C. must read

D. ought to read 2. The children ____ by the nurse. A. were looked

B. looked after

C. were looked after

D. looked 3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them. A. gave, didn't listen

B. was given, wasn't listened C. give, wasn't listened

D. was given, didn't listen 4. When____ the accident _____ ? A. was, happen

B. did, happen

C. is, happen

D. was, happened 5. The question ____ by us soon. A. is going to discuss

B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed 6. The lab ____ about five years ago. A. was builded

B. was built

C. builds

D. has been built 7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years. A. have set up

B. have been set up

C. were set up

D. set up 8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month. A. had finished

B. have finished

C. had been finished

D. have been finished 9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown. A. is…grown

B. is…grew

C. was…grew

D. was…grown 10. He ____ by the teachers. A. is always praised

B. praises

C. have been praised

D. always is praised 11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ . A. have taken, have been opened

B. take, are open C. are taken, open

D. have been taken, are opened [来源:Z|xx|k.Com]

四、随堂练习

五、整理内化

1课堂小结

2 本节课学习过程中的问题和疑难

[[来源学科网ZXXK]