Learning about Language名师教学视频（文字实录）

定语从句

对比法导入：1.The black bag is beautiful.

2. The bag which you bought yesterday is beautiful. 不同：第一个形容词作定语，第二个句子作定语。

我有一只苹果。那只苹果是红色的。

我有一只红色的苹果。（除了用I have a red apple. 还可以用一个定语从句来表达）

I have an apple. The apple is red. I have an apple that / which is red. I like some friends. Some friend like sports. (用定语从句合并成为一个复合句)

The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

(同上)

The students will not pass the exam. They don’t study hard.

The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

如何合并两个简单句成为一个定语从句？

找错误：(结论：先行词不能出现在定语从句中) 1. The boy whom/that we saw the boy yesterday

is my brother. 2. The car which /that my uncle had just bought it

was destroyed in the earthquake.

定语从句:在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。

关系代词：引导定语从句的代词，在句子中充当名词作用，有：

Who, whom, which, that, whose, as

关系副词：引导定语从句的副词，在句子中充当副词的作用。

有：when, where和why

限制性定语从句(识别性从句)：对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，与主句的关系十分密切。

Do you know the woman who/that lives next door? 非限制性定语从句（补充性从句）：对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开, 相当于一个插入语,

不能用that和why(可以用for+which)引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。E.g.Last night, I saw a very good film, which was about the Long March. 关系词

先行词

从句成分

例句

Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?

备注

Whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，

Mr. Smith is the person with 常可以省略，但介词提前时whom

I am working. 关系代词The boy (whom)

she loved died in 后面关系代词the war..

不能省略，也不可以用that

I like those books whose

topics are about history. The boy whose

father works abroad is my desk mate.

A plane is a machine that can fly.

She is the pop star (that)

I want to see very much.

The book (which)

I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible.

As做宾语一般不省略

as引导定语从all of us. 句可放在句This is the same pen as

I lost 首，句中，句末，而which yesterday. 引导定语从句不能放在句___ is known to all, the earth 首.as译为正如，好像。，is round which 则没有此义。定语从句He is such a person as is respected by 在句首时只能用as, 讨论：讨论关系代词与关系副词在以下定语从句中的不同作用。

1.

Do you know the woman who/that lives next door? 2.

The woman whom I want to visit was not in the company. 3.

What happened to the money that /which you are looking for?

关系副词

I will never forget the day

When=on which

Where=in which

(when)/that we met there.

This is the house where I was born..

I can’t imagine the reason Why=for he which

(why)/for which/that turned down my offer.

4.

Please pass me the magazine whose cover is yellow. 5.

I shall never forget the day when I bought I bought my computer. 6.

People would like to live in the country where there is plenty of sunshine and fresh air. 7.

The reason why I am phoning you is to invite you to my birthday party. 考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词

方法一、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。

用什么关系副词看先行词。

Please give me the reason ____ you made such a great success. The reason ___ she gave was not true. 方法2、确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。（常用常考）

Yesterday we went to visit the house ___the great writer used to live. The house ______ (they built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake 方法3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。

October 1st is the day ________ new China was founded. 考点二：that/which 代物时用that的情况

看例子，找规律：

1）English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.

1．先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。

2）

This is the last place (that) I want to visit. 2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。

3）You should hand in all that you have. 3.先行词是

all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none，any,

few, little, no, all, much,等代词时。

4）The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 先行词前面有the only, the very, every等修饰时。

5）Who is the man that is standing there?

当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时，为避免重复，用that,不用which.

6）Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时

1. God help those who help themselves . 天助自助者。

2. He who laughs last laughs best . 笑到最后的人才是英雄。

3. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man .不到长城非好汉。

4. He who is content (满足) is always happy.知足者常乐。

8.

能力提高：

1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.

2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 3. July 1, 1999 is the day when we’ll never forget.

4. I’m going to work in the hospital where needs me.

5. Those that haven’t been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate. 6. This is the last time when I’ve given you lessons.

7. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable. 8. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.

填入who, whom, whose, which, where 或why,完成下面的广告

The town of Keswick, which lies at the heart of the Lake District, is the perfect place for a holiday,and the Derwent hotel,_____overlooks the town, is the perfect place to stay. Robin and Wendy, ______ bought this small hotel 3 years ago, have already won an excellent reputation. Robin, ______cooking is one of the reasons____the Derwent is so popular, was once Young Chef of the Year. The comfort of the guests, ______the owner treat almost as members of the family, always comes first. Peter Ustinov, _____once stayed at the hotel, described it as “marvelous”. And the Lake District,______has so much wonderful scenery and ____the poet Wordsworth lived, will not disappoint you.

31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.

A. why; that

B. that; why

C. for that; hat

D. for which; what

32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.

A.that

B.which

C.for which

D.who 48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.

A. as

B. that

C. what

D. who

49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.

A. none of them

B. neither of them

C. neither of which

D. none of which 19.I don't like ______ as you read.

A. the novels

B. the such novels

C. such novels

D. same novels 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.

A. all that

B.all what

C. that

D. which 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.

A. whose title

B. its title

C. the title of it

D. the title of that