Learning about Language教学评价实录

Unit 3 Life in the future Part 1 Teaching Design 第一部分

教学设计

Period 2 A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language (The Past Participle<3> as the Adverbial & Attribute)

Introduction In this period students will be mainly learning about the past participle<3> as the adverbial & attribute. The procedures go like this: Warming up by taking predictions of the future, Doing vocabulary exercises, Studying The Past Participle as the Adverbial, Studying the past participle as the attribute, Closing down by looking and practicing.

Objectives ■

To help students learn about the past participle<3> as the adverbial & attribute.

■

To help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions Procedures 1. Warming up by taking predictions of the future

To begin with let’s looks in pairs at THE FUTURE and makes suggestions so we can make better choices about our future.

Write down your predictions in no more than 100 words each.

The Dead Can Live Again Computers Will Become the Duplicated (maybe by 2030) 死去活来

Creators (maybe by 2050)电脑主宰

(maybe by 2070)

人类复制

People In the future, it will be In time, more advanced computers Once one of you is possible to use virtual reality will be able to suggest innovative duplicated, you will just to bring the dead back to life. alternatives, recognize patterns, have to press control "D" People will drag out their old and be creative. They will develop and you will have two of and boring home movies and intuition and be able to respond to you, unless you have choose a relative to bring back feelings in a feeling way. They will placed yourself on a to life. The visual will be be able to think as well as or better clipboard, then press

combined with records about than the human mind. that person to create a virtual relative.

2. Doing vocabulary exercises control "V". If you want 500, select 500.

To discover and use useful words and expressions turn to page 19. Do vocabulary exercises 1 & 2. Check your work against your neighbor’s. Just write your answers in the blank on the page. 3. Studying The Past Participle as the Adverbial具副词功能的过去分词短语

和现在分词及短语一样，过去分词（past participles）或过去分词短语（past participial phrases）也可以充当副词，修饰谓语动词。

过去分词短语可以表达下列四种意思：

（1）方法或活动方式，如：

●

He walked up and down, lost in thought.

●

I sat before the desk until after mid-night, absorbed in writing.

●

Surrounded by a host of fans, the film star left the airport excitedly.

（2）原因，如：

●

Greatly disappointed, some staff decided to leave the place.

●

Taken by surprise, the enemy surrendered.

（3）时间，如：

●

Born and bred in a turbulent age, the older generation of people experienced all sorts of hardships.

●

Thrown to the floor, the boy regained his footing a few minutes later.

（4）条件，如：

●

Given more time, the slow learners would have done better.

●

Criticized by someone else, Tony would not have flared up like that.

除了直接修饰动词之外，过去分词或短语也可以和连词合组成短语，表示下列四种意思：

（1）由

when, whenever, while, until 等连词引导，表示“

时间”，如：

●

When asked about his previous job, Bill said he had been a motor mechanic.

●

Susan seldom speaks in class until spoken to.

（2）由

where, wherever 连词引导，表示“地点”，如：

●

Mosquitoes should be completely exterminated where found.

●

Retirees in good health should be invited to return to work wherever needed.

（3）由

if, unless 引导，表示“条件”，如：

●

If kept for too long, some medicines will lose their effectiveness.

●

We have made a point of not attacking unless attacked.

（4）由

though, although, even though 连词引导，表示“让步

”，如：

●

Though warned of the danger, they still went mountaineering.

●

Even though defeated for a second time, our team did not give up hope for the ultimate victory.

此外，过去分词短语还可以和介词“with”或“without”连用，具副词作用。如：

●

With the water pipe choked, there wasn't any more water for use.

●

Without anything left in the kitchen, the Wangs decided to eat out.

最后，过去分词短语，在适当情况下，可以有自己的主语而变成独立结构（the absolute construction），如：

●

The old man listened, his head inclined to one side 4. Studying the past participle as the attribute 过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。

过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。例如：

He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。

也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。例如：

fallen leaves 落叶,

retired workers 退休工人,

the risen sun 升起的太阳

注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况：

A. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。例如：

We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。

My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。

单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。例如：

They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。

B. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如：

The student dressed in white is my daughter.(=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)

C. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：

Is there anything unsolved?

There is noting changed here since I left this town. D. 单个过去分词前加一名词或副词，常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词，放在其修饰的名词前，作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体，所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。例如：

This is a state-owned factory.

This is our school-run factory.

E. 作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词的形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词的形式往往不一样。例如：

原

形

用作定语的过去分词

drink light melt sink drunken

lighted lit

melten

sunken 用作表语或谓语的过去分词

drunk

lit melted sunk We lit the candle and the candle lit up the room. 我们点着蜡烛，蜡烛照亮房间。

There is a lighted candle on the table. 桌上有一支点着的蜡烛。

5．Looking back 高考经典题回放

1. ______ time, he will make a first-class tennis player. ( 2003 北京)

A．Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given 2. The disc, digitally ______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.

(2004上海)

A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 3. ______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. (2005北京春)

A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing 4. When first _____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004吉林)

A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 5. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well _____ .

(2004湖北) A. to spend B. spent

C. being spent

D. spending 6. ______ in the mountain for a week, the two students were finally saved the local police.

(2005江苏)

A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 7. _______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. ( 2005 湖南)

A.

Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 8.

______ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. ( 2005上海) A.

Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put 9. No matter how frequently_____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. A. performed

B. performing

C. to be performed

D. being performed（2006广东B）

10. _____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. A. Faced

B. Face

C. Facing

D. To face (2006四川)

11. _____ automatically the e-mail will be received by all the club members.

B.

A. Mailed out

B. Mailing out

C. To be mailed out D. Having mailed out (2006上海) Keys: 1-5ＤＡC BB; 6-11ＢＡＡAAA

6. Closing down by looking and practicing To end this period let’s go back to page 17 to look for and jot down all examples of The Past Participle as the Adverbial & Attribute in the text. Then in pairs start doing the four grammar exercises on page 20 &21.