Using LanguageⅠ课件配套优秀教案案例

高中英语

定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法

1. 全面掌握介词+ 关系代词引导的定语从句。

2. 灵活运用介词+ 关系代词，在定语从句中选择准确的介词+关系代词。

重点：关系代词前介词的确定。

难点：复合介词短语+关系代词的用法。

1. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句经常出现在高考的单项选择、语法填空和完形填空中。

2. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句是高考的常考点。

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the ambre room belonged, decide not to keep it. 然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。

介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，关系代词常用which (指物)，whom (指人)，即介词+ which/ whom。

1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词which或whom不能省略。介词后移，关系代词which或whom可省略。

2. 复合介词短语+关系代词which引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开，定语从句常用倒装语序。

3. “名词/代词/数词+介词of+关系代词”后引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句，该结构在定语从句中一般作主语。

He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. 他付给这个男孩10美元擦洗10扇窗户，这10扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。

In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn. 在黑暗的街道上，她没有一个人可以求助。

This is the hero that/ who/ whom we are proud of.

这是我们引以为豪的那个英雄。

He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tree.

他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。

This is the newly-built house, the windows of which(=whose windows) face the south.

这就是那座新建的房子，它的窗户朝南。

John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _________ are family members. A. them

答案：D

D正确。

4. 关系代词前介词的确定：⑴

依据定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。

⑵

依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定。

⑶

依据所表达的意思来确定。

I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved. 我买了很多书，这些书花了我积攒的所有的钱。

I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记孩童时期我在乡村度过的时光。

The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen. 这种无色的气体称为氧气，离了它我们不能存活。

①

In our class there are 46 students, _________ half wear glasses.

A. in whom

B. in them

C. of whom

D. of them ②

She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _________ had taken more than three years. A. for which

B. with which

C. of which

D. to which 答案：①C

②C

思路分析：①先行词为46 students，46名学生中的一半戴眼镜，所以用of whom，即C正确。

②句意：她带领游客们参观了这个博物馆，建设这个博物馆花了3年多时间。先行词为museum，the construction是museum的，所属关系，用whose或者

the + 名词+ of which，所以C正确。

1. We have gathered nearly 100,000 quilts, ___________ up to half have gone to the flood-hit areas. A. of which

B. in which

C. with which

D. for which 2. Living in the eastern part of the city has its problems, __________ shopping is not the least. A. with which

B. of which

C. for which

D. which 3. Some passers-by witnessed the car accident _________ five passengers were killed, a baby included. A. in which

B. which

C. that

D. in that B. that

C. which

D. whom 思路分析：先行词是40 people，40人中大多数是家庭成员，所以用most of whom，即

4. The factory was built in a secret place, around ___________ high mountains.

A. which was

B. it was

C. which were

D. them were 5. The project is based on an agreement, one of ___________ purposes is to ensure that the project can be accomplished before the deadline.

A. whose

B. which

答案：1-5 ABACA C. its

D. what 思路分析：1. 我们已经收集了将近100 000套被子，多达一半(的被子)已经运往洪灾地区。先行词为100 000 quilts，指物，并用在非限制性定语从句中，表所属，应用of which。

2. 先行词为problems，在非限制性定语从句中表所属，应用of which。句意：住在城市东部有它的问题，购物是其中最大的问题。

3. 句意：一些路人目击了这场车祸，五个乘客死亡，包括一个婴儿。先行词为the car accident，从句可还原为five passengers were killed in the car accident，先行词在从句中作介词in 的宾语，故用in which。

4. 句意：工厂建在一个秘密的地方，周围环绕着高山。先行词是the factory，从句可还原为around the factory were high mountains，故是一个由“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句。在该从句中，主语是high mountains，所以句子谓语应用复数were。

5. 句意：这项工程是有协议根据的，协议的一个目的就是确保工程按时完工。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词agreement，在从句中作定语修饰purposes，由此可知答案是whose。