Learning about Language优秀教学设计

Grammar Leaning: Non-Predicate Verbs非谓语动词

1. 基本概念

不定式

（可在句中作主宾表定状补）

非谓语动词

过去分词（可在句中作表定状补）

-ing形式

动名词（可在句中作主宾表定）

现在分词（可在句中作表定状补）

所以，非谓语动词除了不能做谓语，其他成分基本都可以。

时态/ 语态

一般式

完成式

主动语态

doing having done 被动语态

being done having been done 否定结构

not doing not having done 注意：现在分词的一般式表示分词的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生；

完成式表示分词的动作先与谓语动词所表示的动作发生。

2. 动名词作主语

(1) 表示经常地，习惯性的动作，而不定式作主语表示某一次特定的，具体的动作。

e.g. Playing with fire is dangerous. (泛指) e.g. Be careful! To play with fire will be dangerous.（一次具体的动作）

(2) 动名词作主语，谓语动词视为单数

(3) 动名词作主语，且主语较长时，为了平衡句子结构，常用it作形式主语，此类句式有：

It is a waste of time doing sth. It’s useless / worthwhile doing sth. It’s no good / use doing sth. e.g. It’s no use making an excuse for this. e.g. It’s a waste of time arguing with him. (4) 动名词的复合结构作主语，通常有两种形式

形容词性物主代词+动名词

名词所有格+动名词

e.g. Your coming / Tom’s coming is a great help to us. 3. 动名词作表语

动名词作表语通常表示比较抽象的习惯性动作，表语与主语位置可以互换。

e.g. Her job is teaching. (=Teaching is her job) e.g. Her duty is taking care of the babies. 注意1：现在分词作表语，是形容词性的，表示主语的特征。主语与表语位置不可互换

e.g. The match is exciting. 注意2：如果表语是表示目的，愿望，计划或某一特定行为，尤其是将来的行为或有待于实现的行为，表语通常用不定式

e.g. My purpose (with / hope / plan) is to climb the mountain. 4. 动名词作宾语

(1) 作动词宾语，这些动词通常有：

建议考虑坚持练

允许想象弃冒险

阻止抵抗否逃脱

不禁介意保持完

耽误推迟求原谅

承认错过欣喜欢

(2)在allow, advise, permit, forbid 后直接跟动词ing形式作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成allow / advise / permit / forbid sb to do sth. (3)即可跟动名词作宾语又可跟不定式作宾语

①有些动词(短语)后跟动名词或不定式作宾语时，意义差别不大，这些动词有love / like / prefer / hate / start / begin / continue / intend, etc. 跟动名词表示习惯性动作，跟不定式表示一次性的，具体的动作。

e.g. I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim today. ②有些动词后跟动名词和不定式，意义差别很大。

remember / forget / regret to do sth. / doing sth. stop to do sth./ doing sth. go on to do sth./ doing sth. try to do sth./ doing sth. mean to do sth./ doing sth. be used to do sth. / doing sth (5) want, need, require意为“需要”时，后跟动词ing形式的主动式或不定式的被动式(to be done)作宾语，表示事情需要被做。(be worth doing sth主动表示被动) e.g. The window needs / requires / wants cleaning / to be cleaned. (6)动名词的复合结构作宾语

e.g. Would you mind

me / Jack opening the window.

my / Jack’s opening….. 5. 小试牛刀

(真题回顾)

1.” We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob,

out of the window. A. looking

B. to look

C. looked

D. having looked 2. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention

when we talked on the phone. A. to promote

B. having been promoted

C. having promoted

D. to be promoted 3.

the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. A. Ignore

B. Ignoring

C. Ignored

D. Having ignored 4. What worried the child most was

visit his mother in hospital. A. his not allowing

B. his not being allowed

C. his being not allowing

D. having not been allowed 5. Yong people may risk

deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. A. to go

B. to have gone

C. going

D. having gone 6. After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on

all the people who had helped in her career. A. to thank

B. thanking

C. Having thanked

D. to have thanked 7. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area

. A. need repairing

B. needs to repair

C. needs repairing

D. need to repair 8.

(find) a job in such a big company has always been beyond his dream. 9. The bird was lucky and it just missed

(catch). 10. While shopping women sometimes can’t help

(persuade) into buying more clothes than necessary. 11. ---Maybe you’ve forgotten

(post) my letter.

---How could I? I remember

(put) the letter into the letter box.