Learning about Language全国优秀课堂实录

Unit 3 Computers

Period 2:

Learning about Language

(The Present Perfect Passive Voice)

Aims

1.To learn some useful words and expressions 2.To learn the present perfect passive voice. 3.To master the structure.

Procedures

I. review

1.Fill the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 1 _________ complete change in ways of thinking, working, etc 2 ________ connected computer system 3 _________ to make things easier 4 _________ to find the answer using numbers 5 _______can be moved easily from place to place 6 _______ to work out the answer to a problem 7 _______to travel around an area to find out about it 8 _______ completely 9 ________ anyway 10 _______ activity of managing money

2.Complete the passage with the words below. artificial

technology

intelligent applications explore Web

reality logically

When my brother was in high school, he was very interested in computers and enjoyed writing programs of his own. He used to download information from the Internet and made good use of it. He liked to ________ the World Wide _______ and used the Internet to communicate with computer programmers all over the world. When he went to university he studied IT (information ___________)and developed a special in ________intelligence. After developing special ____________of the computer, he hopes to design an __________ robot which can think ________ and look like human being, but in ________ he was a long way to go. Grammar：The Present Perfect Passive Voice 现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。

The structure of the present perfect passive voice is: have / has ＋

been＋~ed

1.主动语态即主语为动作的执行者；被动语态即主语为动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“……已经被……”。

The new school has been set up.

新学校已经建成了。

2. 现在完成时被动语态的肯定式为：

have / has + been + done The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验做得很成功。

现在完成时被动语态的否定式为：

have / has + not + been + done Tom’s novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没有被出版。

3.现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将have / has提到主语的前面。

Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好了吗？

4.现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词

+ have / has + been + done

Who has been invited? 谁受到了邀请？

注意：

1.

副词的位置

often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have / has和been中间。如:

[误] Such a man has been hardly believed.

[正] Such a man has hardly been believed. 2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态

(1)

happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被

动语态。如：

[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.

[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词

或副词。如：

The patients have been taken good care of. 4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，

则需改换动词或时态。如：

My brother has had (不能用has bought)

this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought? 主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2) 把谓语变成被动结构

(be＋过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语, 将主格改为宾格。

All the people laughed at him.

He was laughed at by all the people.

They make the bikes in the factory.

The bikes are made by them in the factory. (4) 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，

另一个保留不动。

主动：I have given him the key. 被动：He has been given the key. 被动：The key has been given (to) him. (5) 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾补保留不动，语补足语。

主动：I have asked her to help you. 被动：She has been asked to help you. Exercises：

Turn the following into the Passive Voice. Put the Chinese into English to complete the sentences. Summary

1.Guess the words by reading English definition. 2.To master the structure and usages of the present perfect passive voice. 改称主

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