Learning about Language教学内容概述

2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

编号：09

主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

必修4 导学案

Unit2

Working the land Class:____________

No: _____

Group:____________

Name:______________ Part 1 Words and Expressions 【使用说明与学法指导】

1.

预习案：I. 练读词汇表、听录音跟读。

II. 熟背词汇拓展表。

2.

练习案：堂上使用或课后作业，熟读熟记。

【学习目标】

1.

熟读掌握本单元词汇表，并记住适当的拓展词汇。

2.

对本单元的词汇熟练运用。

3.

能够在课文阅读中加深对词汇的理解和运用。

【预习案】

Task: 练读课本P 96-97词汇表，跟读词汇录音。把下列拓展抄到词汇表里，并熟记。

词汇

拓展

词汇

拓展

sunburnt

sunburn-sunburnt-sunburnt

n.日灼；晒伤

v.晒黑；晒伤

struggle

struggling adj. 努力的；

苦斗的

occupation

occupational adj.职业的；占领的

occupy vt. 占据，占领；居住

O

be occupied with 忙于做

confuse

confusion n. 混淆，混乱；困惑

confused adj. 困惑的；混乱的

confusing adj.令人困惑的

expand

expansion n.发展,扩张,扩大

regret

regretted

(regret过去式，过去分词) circulate

circulation n.流通，传播

production

produce

v. [prə'djuːs] 生产

circulating adj. 循环的；流通

n. ['prɒduːs] 产品

的

productive adj.能生产的；生产的

product n. 结果，产品

rid...of

rid-rid-rid/ rid-ridded-ridded discovery

discover vt. 发现；发觉

vt.使摆脱，解除

get rid of 摆脱，除去

be satisfy v.使满意；满足；

nationality

nation n. 国家，民族

satisfied satisfying adj.令人满意的

national adj.国家的，民族的

with

satisfied adj. 感到满意的

nationally adv.全国性地

satisfactory adj.令人满意的

nationalism n. 国家主义

satisfaction n. 满意

freedom

free adj. 免费的；自由的vt. equip

（equip的过去分词）

使自由；释放adv. 自由地；equipped v. 装备；预备

免费

be equipped with装备着…

for free 免费

equipment (不可数) 设备

free of adj.无…的；摆脱…的；

free from 使摆脱；免于；解放

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2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

编号：09

主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

reduce focus

reduction n.减少；下降；缩小

export

focus on 致力于

focused adj.聚焦的；专心的

import n.&V. 进口，输入

My Notes（此外，我还想到了以下拓展)

【训练案】

一、单词填空：

1. Sydney's population expanded (变大) rapidly in the 1960s. 2. Look, the fish are struggling(努力)for survival because the water level has dropped in the lake. 3. Many African children die of hunger(饥饿) because of lack of food. 4. Housewives need to be more conscious of(意识到) good nutrition (营养)so as to feed the family well. 5.The plane reduced(减少) speed as it was approaching the airport. 6. Lebron James plays basketball in NBA and he is a super (超级的) basketball star. 7. With the development of science and technology, China is exporting (出口) many kinds of electric products to developing countries. 8. Judging from his sunburnt (晒黑的) face and arms, he works in the open air. 9. The output(产量) of corn this year is double that of last year. 10.The young like the freedom (自由) of driving around by themselves. 11. Please state your name, address, and occupation (职业). 12. Your education will equip (装备) you for your future life.

13. Would you comment (评论) on why you voted against the new housing project? 14. The necessary outcome of a war is a fall in production (生产). 15. New scientific discoveries (发现) are being made every day 16. If we confuse (混淆) these three concepts, we will not think clearly. 17. If you want to learn about mineral(矿物) makeup, you’ve come to the right place. 18. Much to my regret (遗憾), I am unable to accept your kind invitation. 19. Ever since she had a son, the focus (焦点)is not on herself; it’s on him. 20.I would simply underline (强调) his points here and make only two comments. 二、单句语法填空：

1.I should say sorry to Kate. I regret refusing (refuse)

to help her that day. 2.From his satisfied (satisfy) voice on the phone I know everything is going under way. 3. I was so confused (confuse) in today’s history lesson. I didn’t understand a thing. 4. Sorry to disturb (disturbing) you,but I have an urgent letter from your son.

5.Foreign money is not allowed to circulate (circulate)in China. 6.They showed us around the factory which is equipped with modern equipment (equip). 7. It is worth commenting (comment) the movie Secret Superstar for the second time. B4U2导学案

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2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

编号：09

主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

8.Chapter V is a summary of the article, which mainly summarizes the result. (summary) 9. In 2010, China’s

export and import of services ranked 4th and 3rd in the world respectively(分别). (export) 10.Taiwan was once occupied by the Japanese. It was truly an occupation. (occupy) 11.Today’s lesson focuses on how to write a summary of a news article. (focus)

12. These lessons can help rid the world of this virus, once and for all. (rid) 13. The painful make person grow up, and a disaster of a nationality will let national

unity! (nation) 14.

Fresh meat, chicken, and fish always carry some bacteria so these foods must always be kept cold. (bacterium) 15.

The disturbing news made him disturbed for a whole day. (disturb)

Part 2

Language Points in Reading 1 【使用说明与学法指导】

1.

预习部分：I. 精读课文，互译文中的词汇、句型及语法结构。

II. 记下自己的疑问，以备堂上讨论，释疑。

2.

探究部分：堂上完成。

3.

练习部分：堂上或课后完成。

【学习目标】

1.

熟读掌握Reading 1中出现的语言点，温故知新。

2.

重点掌握Reading 1语言点重难点的运用。

【预习案】

温故知新：文中表达法互译或按课文填空。

A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Although he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for(连词，因为) he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom

he has struggled for the past five decades(非限制性定语从句). Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice（宾语从句）. In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow (grow) rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it（it做形式宾语）possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields（使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量）. Now more than 60% of the rice produced

(过去分词作后置定语)in China each year is from this hybrid strain. Born

(bear) in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated from

(毕业于) Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice（动词ing作主语）has been（be）his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for

increasing the rice output(动词ing作宾语). At that time, hunger

was a disturbing(令人不安的) problem in many parts of the countryside. Yuan Longping searched for (寻找) a way My questions

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2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

编号：09

主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

to increase rice harvests without expanding（动词ing作宾语）the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce about fifty-six million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced (被动语态). These increased(过去分词作定语) harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in the world. Yuan Longping is now circulating

his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed(过去分词作定语) countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle

to rid the world of hunger(消除世界的饥饿). Using（use）his hybrid rice(动词ing作状语), farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before(比以前多了一倍). Yuan Longping is

quite satisfied with

his life. However, he doesn't care about being (be) (动词ing作宾语)famous. He feels it gives him less freedom

to do his research. He would

much rather

keep time for his hobbies(他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上). He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading(动词ing作宾语). Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life（动词ing作主语）also means（mean）very little to him. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research(帮助其他人做研究) in agriculture.

Just dreaming for things（动词ing作主语）, however, costs nothing. Long ago Yuan Longping had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice（每株稻谷的穗; ear耳朵，穗）was as big as an ear of corn（一穗玉米）and each grain of rice（每粒稻谷）

was as huge as a peanut. He awoke from his dream with the hope of

producing(动词ing作宾语) a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Yuan Longping has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.

Useful expressions: consider sb 不填

/ as / to be + 名词

认为某人（物）…

millions of数以百万计的

the first … to do第一个做…的人

makes it possible to do 使做…成为可能

Thanks to 多亏

rid … of …

使…摆脱(除去)…

be satisfied with 对…满意

care about在乎

would rather 宁愿

equip sb for 使某人具有…

with the hope of 带着某种希望

care for 喜欢，关心，计较，照料

【探究案】

Key words and expressions in Reading 1 1.

Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.

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2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

编号：09

主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

的确，他那被太阳晒黑的脸庞和手臂以及他那瘦削而结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。

【归纳拓展】

struggle n.& vi.斗争；拼搏；努力

struggle to do sth努力做某事

struggle against/with...与……做斗争

struggle for...为……而斗争；努力争取

struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来

【即学即练】

1)

The two young people are struggling for the position now. 这两个年轻人正在努力争取这个职位。

2)

The wounded solider struggled to his feet, but failed. 这个战士受了重伤但最后还是挣扎着站了起来。

3)

We must get ready to struggle against/with the HIV virus. 我们必须准备好对抗HIV病毒

2. Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 由于他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。

【归纳拓展1】

表示“原因”的介词短语有：

because of因为，由于

due to由于，因为

owing to由于，归功于

as a result of由于

误区警示：

(1)due to(sb./sth.)引起的原因状语一般不放在句首,引出造成后果的原因。

(2)because后接从句，because of后接名词或代词。

【即学即练1】

1) Thanks to /Owing to your inspiration，I am successful. 多亏了你的鼓舞，我成功了。

2) Because he is ill，he is absent today. 因为他病了所以今天没来。

3)Over 200 people were killed in the accident due to/because of the pilot's carelessness. 由于飞行员的粗心大意，在事故中有200多人死亡。

【归纳拓展2】

rid… of …

使…摆脱或除去

be/get rid of摆脱……；除去……

(be表状态，get表动作变化，此短语中rid是形容词) 以下短语与rid...of结构类似，请将它们归类记忆：

remind sb of sth. 提醒某人某事

warn sb of sth. 告诫某人某事

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2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

编号：09

主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

rob sb of sth. 抢劫某人某物

inform sb of sth. 告知某人某事

convince sb of sth. 说服某人某事

cure sb of sth. 治愈某人的……病

accuse sb of sth. 指控某人某事

suspect sb of sth. 怀疑某人某事

【即学即练2】

1) If you want to advance yourself in your study，you will first have to rid yourself of (使自己摆脱) those shortcomings that can become barriers to progress. 2) I have got rid of the bad habit of getting up late. 我已经改掉了晚起的坏习惯。

3) The report warned us of (警告) the dangers of smoking. 4) How can I convince my boss of the investment in our ideas?

我怎么样才能说服我的老板投资我们的新想法呢？

5)

If you wish to study abroad, be sure to inform the university of (告知)your choice.

3.Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。

【归纳拓展】

倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...表示“……的几倍”，倍数词常用half，a quarter，twice, three times等表示。

【即学即练】

1) This school is just half as large as ours. 这所学校仅有我们学校的一半大。

2）This building is five times as high as that one. 这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。

3）Our new house is twice as big as (两倍大) the old one in the countryside.

4.Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life. 袁隆平对生活非常满足。

【归纳拓展】

satisfy...with... 使……满意

be satisfied with对……感到满意(＝be content/pleased with) to one's satisfaction使某人感到满意的是

with satisfaction满意地

【即学即练】

1)

To their satisfaction, their son made great achievements. 令他们感到满意的是, 他们的儿子取得了重大成就。

2)

Hearing the good news, he smiled with satisfaction. 听到这个好消息, 他满意地笑了。

3)

He hung up the phone, satisfied with a smile on his face. B4U2导学案

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2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

编号：09

主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

他挂了电话,很满意,脸上露出笑容。

4)

He satisfied his hunger with a sandwich and milk. 他以三明治和牛奶充饥。

5.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。

【归纳拓展】

would rather+动词原形

宁愿……

would rather也可与than连用,即: "would rather (not) do...than do...”,意为“与其……不如……”或would do sth. rather than do sth. 有时将rather than置于句首为了表示语气上的强调, 并只能接不带to的不定式。

would rather后也可跟从句, 这时从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气: would rather＋sb. did宁愿……

(虚拟语气, 与现在事实或将来要做的事相反) would rather＋sb. had done宁愿……

(虚拟语气, 与过去事实相反) 【即学即练】

1) Mr Lee would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。

2) Rather than take a bus, I would walk to the company. 与其坐公共汽车去，我还不如走着去公司。

3) I'd rather you went (go) home now. (与现在事实相反) 4) I’d rather you met (meet) her at the airport tomorrow morning. (将来要做的事) 5) I’d rather you hadn’t told (not tell) him the news that day. (与过去事实相反)

6.

He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. 因此他资助他人几百万元供他们在农业领域搞研究。

【归纳拓展】

equip sb. for使某人具有……, 为……作准备

equip...with...用……装备……, 使装[具]备

equip oneself整装，装备自己, 预备行装

be equipped for准备好……；对……有准备

be equipped with装备；安装；具有……

equipment【U】设备；装备

a piece of equipment一件设备

【即学即练】

1)

Your education will equip you for your future life．

你所受的教育将使你能适应今后的生活。

2)

They equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest. 他们带上两把锋利的斧子朝森林走去。

3)

He is equipped with much experience in teaching. B4U2导学案

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2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

编号：09

主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

他具有丰富的教学经验。

4)

They have all the equipment and advice you will need. 他们有你需要的所有设备和建议。

【训练案】

一．单句改错。

1. If it possible, we'd better sit in the shade of a tall tree.（去掉it或在it后加is）

2. The plan wasn’t carried out as the result of the lack of finance. (as the result of→as a result of ) 3. We would rather our daughter stay at home with us, but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer. （stay→stayed）

4. This desk is twice as longer as that one. (longer→long)

5. He made this possible to change his wife's mind.

(this→it)

6. She considers it fairly to let her son choose his career himself. (fairly→fair)

二．单句语法填空。

1.

The disturbing (disturb)news made the whole family worried. 2. She felt disturbed (disturb)when she heard the road accident. 3. It can be very satisfying (satisfy) to be surrounded by fantastic scenery. 4. From his satisfied (satisfy) voice on the phone I know everything is going under way. 5. My mother would rather I focused (focus) more attention on my study. 6. She only wants freedom (free), justice and equality. 7. 22% of the world's people are fed (feed) from just 7% of the farmland in China. 8. I graduated from Tongji University in 1980. 9. We students should equip ourselves with knowledge for the competition nowadays. 10. Doctors are searching for a cure that will wipe out cancer. 三．句子翻译填空。

1. I would rather you came tomorrow.

我宁愿你明天来。

2. I would rather you had stayed at home last night. 我宁愿你昨天晚上待在家里。

3. He went to see his boss with the hope of getting a rise in his salary. 他去见老板, 希望能提高他的工资。

4. Wherever he is, he makes it a rule to run for an hour every day. 他无论在哪里，都把每天跑步一小时当做规定去执行。

5. At that moment our army was poorly equipped (装备非常落后) but we defeated the Japanese invaders. B4U2导学案

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郭少英

6. I really regret not having taken/regret not taking my teacher’s advice. 我真后悔没有听老师的劝告

四．单项选择题。

(B) 1.Facing the adverse (不利的) conditions, the elephants _

_ for existence every day.

A. strike

B. struggle

C. stick

D. try (D) 2. I believe that there will be a Chinese Nobel Prize winner in biology and medicine within the next

.

A. debate

B. decision

C. dance

D. decade (A) 3. By next year we would like to

into the Japanese market and introduce a new product to it. A. expand

B. exist

C. extend

D. enlarge (C) 4.

his effort, it is more successful than we expected. A. Due to

B. According to

C. Thanks to

D. As to (D) 5. The dentist

him of his pain by taking out the tooth.

A. rubbed

B. got

C. saved

D. rid (B) 6.The farmers are

the harvest, and they can have a good income this year.

A. disappointed with

B. satisfied with

C. worried about

D. concerned about (A) 7.Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to _______ before the party. A. get changed

B. get change

C. get changing

D. get to change (D) 8.Don’t leave the water _______ while you brush your teeth.

A. ran

B.to run

C. being run

D. running (C) 9. His plan was such a good one _____ we all agreed to accept. A. so

B.that

C.as

D.and (D) 10.It is generally believed that teaching is ______ it is a science.

A. an art much as

B. much an art as

C. as an art much as

D. as much an art as

Part 3 Grammar 动词--ing形式作主语和宾语

1.

预习部分：按要求

预习，并完成相关练习练习。

2.

探究部分：堂上使用，课后熟读。

3.

练习部分：堂上使用或课后作业。

【学习目标】

1.

熟读掌握本单元语法的概念及运用。

2.

通过训练进行本单元语法运用的巩固。

【预习案】

动词--ing形式作主语和宾语

Task1. 例句观察

①Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. ②As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. ③Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the B4U2导学案

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2017-2018学年高一英语导学案

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主编：

陈习敏

郭少英

fields. ④However, he doesn't care about being famous. ⑤He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong，swimming and reading. ⑥Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. ⑦Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. ⑧Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. ⑨Mary's being late for class made her teacher angry. ⑩It is no use arguing with him about such a matter. 【自我探究】

1．以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是

①

⑥

⑦

⑨

⑩

；作动词宾语的是

⑤；作介词(短语)宾语的是

②

③

④

⑧。

2．⑨句中为

动名词

的复合结构作句子的主语。

3．⑩句中it作

形式主语。

【归纳用法】

一、动词--ing形式作主语

1.动词-ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,谓语动词用单数形式。

①Swimming is my favourite sport. 游泳是我最喜欢的一项运动。

2.形式主语it代替动词--ing形式作主语。

此类句式常见的有：

It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间

It's worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的

It's no good/no use/no fun /pleasure doing sth.做某事没好处/没用/没趣

②It is worthwhile reading/ to read such a wonderful novel.像这样精彩的小说很值得读。

二、动词--ing形式作宾语

1．用动名词作宾语的动词

常接动词--ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：

避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)，

建议完成多练习(advise，finish，practice)，

喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can't help)，

承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)，

逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)，

忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)。

Would you mind opening the window? 打开窗子你介意吗？

2．用动名词作宾语的短语

常见的跟动词--ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：insist on，object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，devote to，get used to，pay attention to，be worth, get down to, settle down to, be devoted to等。

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He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。

3．在某些动词的后面，如：start，begin，continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。

They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。

4．在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动词--ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。

①He preferred staying in the house when it rained. 下雨时他宁愿待在家里。

(用动词--ing形式作宾语，指每逢天下雨都待在家里。) ②I prefer to stay at home this afternoon. 今天下午我宁愿留在家里。

(用动词不定式作宾语，指今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作。) 5．有些动词或动词短语后跟动词--ing形式或不定式都可以，但意思不同。

stop to do sth

停下来去做某事

stop doing sth

停止做某事

mean to do sth

想要做某事

mean doing sth

意味着做某事

try to do sth

努力/企图做某事

try doing sth

试着做某事

remember doing sth 记得做了某事

remember to do sth

记住要去做某事

forget doing sth

忘记做了某事

forget to do sth

忘记要去做某事

regret doing sth

后悔做了某事

regret to do sth

遗憾要去做某事

①Please remember to give my best regards to your family. 请记着代我向你的家人问好。

②

I still remember visiting the museum for the first time. 我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。

6．下列动词可接动词--ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。

Sth need/want/require/deserve doing ＝need/want/require/deserve to be done

The bike needs repairing/to be repaired. 这辆自行车需要修一下。

三、动词--ing形式的否定形式

动词--ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和动词--ing形式之间。

Not wanting to continue my service in the factory was the reason why I gave up. 不想继续在这家工厂工作是我放弃的原因。

四、动词－ing的复合结构

动词--ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词--ing，即“sb/sb's＋doing”构成。动词--ing的复合结构实际上是给动词－ing加了一个逻辑主语。动词--ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：

1．形容词性物主代词＋动词--ing 2．名词's＋动词--ing 3．代词宾格＋动词—ing

(口语) 4．名词＋动词—ing

(口语) ①Tom's winning the first prize last year impressed me a lot. B4U2导学案

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汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。

②Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now? 你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？

【训练案】

一、用所给词的适当形式填空

1．Making (make) friends is a necessary part in my life. 2．It's no use arguing (argue) with a person like him. 3.

I have no trouble persuading (persuade) him to change his mind. 4.

The thief ran away quickly to avoid being caught (catch)．

5.

Would you mind turning (turn) down your radio? 6.

There is no use keeping (keep) silent about such a matter. 7．His not getting (not get) to the station on time made everyone worried last week. 8.

The teacher told the students to stop writing (write) and to listen (listen) to him. 9.

Seeing the funny scene，I can't help laughing (laugh)．

10. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month，he had difficulty passing (pass) the exam. 11. ---What in the world put you in a really bad mood? ---Being stuck (stick) in the traffic for hours. 12. Mike's coming (come) to the meeting surprised all of the people. 13. Your clothes need washing/to be washed (wash)．

二、完成句子

1. I can hardly imagine your finishing so much work in such a short time. (你能在这么短的时间内完成这么多的工作)．

2. In the past, he used to devote all his free time to inventing new machines.(把所有的业余时间都用在发明新的机器上)．

3. He has always insisted on being sent to study abroad. (被送去国外学习)．

4. I would appreciate your father's calling back this afternoon. (你父亲今天下午给我回个电话)．

5. How about the two of us going to climb the mountain(去爬山)this afternoon? 6. No one enjoys being laughed at (让人笑话)in public places. 7. Do you mind my smoking here (我在这里吸烟)? 8.Reading English aloud in the morning (在早上朗读英语)has been part of his daily life. 三、语法填空

在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

I crossed the street to avoid 1.________ (meet) him，but he saw me and came 2.________ (run) towards me. It was no use 3.________ (pretend) that I had not seen him，so I waved to him. I never enjoy 4.________ (meet) Nigel Dykes. He never has anything to do. No matter how busy you are，he always insists on 5.________ (come) with you. I had to think of a way of 6.________ (prevent) him from 7.________ (follow) me around all morning. “Hello，Nigel，”I said.“Fancy 8.________ (meet) you here ！”

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“Hi，Elizabeth，”Nigel answered.“I was just wondering how to spend the morning—until I saw you. You're not busy 9.________

(do) anything，are you？”

“No，not at all，”I answered “I'm going to...”

“Would you mind my 10.________(come) with you？”he asked，before I finished 11.________(speak)．

“Not at all，”I lied，“but I'm going to the dentist”．

“Then I'll come with you，”he answered.“There's always plenty to read in the 12.________

(wait) room！”

答案：1.meeting

2.running

3.pretending

4.meeting

5.coming

6.preventing

7.following

8.meeting

9．doing

10.coming

11.speaking

12.waiting

Part 4 Reading 2: Comprehension and language points 【使用说明与学法指导】

1.

预习部分：I. 精读课文，划出Task 1中的词汇、句型及语法结构，并填空。

II. 记下自己的疑问，以备堂上讨论，释疑。

2.

探究部分：堂上完成。熟读熟记。

3.

练习部分：堂上或课后完成。熟读。

【学习目标】

1.

熟读掌握Reading 2中出现的语言点，温故知新。

2.

重点掌握Reading 2语言点重难点的运用。

3.

熟练掌握本单元语法在语境中的运用。

【预习案】

温故知新：文中表达法互译，漏词填空。

正文

Qs CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING? Over the past half century, using（use）

chemical fertilizers（v-ing做主语）has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to (对......造成损害)the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health. What are some of the problems caused (cause) by chemical fertilizers?（-ed做后置定语）

First, they damage the land by killing（kill）

the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful one

(v-ing做宾语). Chemicals also stay in the

ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore,

animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off

(冲走). These chemicals in the food supply build up (增长) in people's bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to(导致)cancer or other

illnesses. In addition(除此之外), fruit, vegetables and other food grown (grow) with chemical ferti-lizers(-ed做后置定语) usually grow too fast to be full of mucB4U2导学案

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h nutrition.

They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.他们表面上很好看,但是里面通常是含过多的水分,而不是维他命和矿物质）

With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to

turn to（转向）organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without

using (use) any chemicals.（v-ing做宾语）They focus on keeping (keep) their

soil rich and free of disease.(v-ing做宾语) A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using(use) natural waste from animals as fertilizer.(v-ing做宾语) They feel that this

makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This

also

keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from

chemicals. Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making (make) it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. (v-ing做状语) Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. (比如, 他们先种植生长于浅层土壤的花生, 然后再种植生根于深层土壤的蔬菜）Some organic farmers prefer planting

(plant) grass between crops (v-ing做宾语) to prevent

wind or water from

(防止) carrying away the soil, and then leaving (leave) it in the ground

(v-ing做宾语) to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop.

These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging (damage) the environment or people's health (v-ing做宾语).

【探究案】

Key words and expressions in Reading 1

1．Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long－term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.

然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。

[句法分析] have been doing句式

have been finding是现在完成进行时，现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并强调现在还在进行。

①Because of illness，he has been lying in bed all day. 由于生病，他整天都躺在床上。

即学即练

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①She has been sleeping for 6 hours and still cannot wake up. 她已经睡了六个小时了，到现在还不醒。

②I have been painting the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. 我一直在粉刷房子，明天我必须粉刷完。

2、Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil,making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. 像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于要求土壤肥沃的农作物，比如小麦或玉米。

[句法分析] 现在分词做结果状语

句中making it ready...为现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语，相当于一个并列谓语，描述谓语动词发生后所带来的一种自然而然的结果。

①Many people moved to New York, making it the largest city in the USA. 很多人去了纽约，使之成为美国最大的城市。

②His parents died early, leaving him an orphan(＝and left him an orphan)．

他父母早逝，留下他一个孤儿。

即学即练

①He cut off the electricity quickly，preventing an accident. 他迅速切断了电源，防止了一起意外事故。

②He watered the flowers in the garden more often，making things worse．

他更为经常地给花园里的花浇水，使事情更糟了。

【训练案】

一.单句语法填空

(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1. Mr Smith made up his mind to devote all his life to setting (set) up some schools for poor children. 2. I think it is no use crying (cry) about your exam results now. 3. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month，he had difficulty passing (pass) the exam. 4. —What caused the party to be put off? —Tom's delaying sending (send) the invitations. 5. —What in the world put you in a really bad mood? —Being stuck (stick) in the traffic for hours. 6.

How I regret wasting (waste) so much time in the net bar! I should have studied harder. 7.

The parents suggested sleeping (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to B4U2导学案

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camp out during

the trip. 8.

Mike's coming (come) to the meeting surprised all of the people. 9.

Kicking (kick) a wet football can hurt your foot if

you are not careful. 10.

Your clothes need washing/to be washed (wash)．

二.完成句子

1．My parents chose to come to the city with the hope of living/leading a better life

(希望能过上更好的生活)．

2．If we can find a way to rid people of (使人们摆脱)poverty，crimes will disappear. 3．She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games (在奥运会上赢得金牌)．

4．His house is twice as big as/twice the size of (……的两倍大)mine. 5. Advances in medical science have made it possible to

(使……成为可能)cure those diseases which couldn't

be cured before. 6．Listening to music (听音乐)is one of my hobbies. 7．I'd rather you hadn't said it (你没有这样说过)．

8. I have been cleaning the room (我一直在打扫房间)but I still

haven't finished. 9．I had great difficulty finding the suitable food (找到合适的食物)on the menu in that restaurant. 10．You must take care to keep the wound free from the dirt (以免伤口沾上污物)．

三、短文改错

Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists, but Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he work the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmer, for whom he has struggled the past five decades. Dr. Yuan Longping grows that is called super hybrid rices. In 1974, he became a first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a highly output This special strain of rice makes it possible to product one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is of this hybrid strain. 答案：

1.

去掉but或改为yet

2. work→ works

3. farmer→ farmers

4.

struggled后面加上for

5. that →what

6. rices→ rice

7. a → the

8.

highly→ high

9. product→ produce

10. of→ from

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