Learning about Language教学内容概述

Unit 1 Cultural relics reading课时作业

阅读理解

(满分40分，限时35分钟) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

Are you looking for a place to spend a holiday? Here are two great beaches for you to consider. Yasawa Island Beach, Fiji

The Yasawa Islands are popular for unspoiled

(未经破坏的) beaches and clear blue-green waters. Many mountains stand nearby as well. They offer people a much-needed break from their busy lives. With

natural beauty and a lot of sunshine, the islands have become a perfect place to relax.

Popular with backpackers, the South Pacific islands also offer many activities such as sailing, visiting local villages and enjoying and evening on the beach with campfires and barbecues. In particular, the Yasawa Island Beach is an affordable relaxing place for tourists. Eagle Beach, Aruba

Even if you are not one of many American students taking a break from the stresses of college life, you have probably heard people talk about the island — how it offers wild adventures and relaxing activities. No one can say “no” to its Caribbean charm (魅力). In particular, if you have been to Eagle Beach, you will never regret the trip to Aruba. Like an eagle that spreads its wings widely, the beach is known for its long coastline. The Eagle Beach is also known for its soft white sands and clear waters. However, what you can see is not just a wide view of sand and sea. If you're lucky, you can observe sea turtle hatchlings (幼崽) as they make their way to the ocean. 语篇解读：本文向我们介绍了两处适合度假的海滩。

1．What are the Yasawa Islands popular for? A．Beaches and waters. B．Campfires and barbecues. C．Warm weather all the year round. D．Different kinds of exciting activities. 解析：选A

细节理解题。根据第二段的“The Yasawa Islands are popular for unspoiled (未经破坏的) beaches and clear blue­green waters.”可知应选A项。

2．What can be inferred about the Aruba Island? A．People often talk about the island. B．The island's charm is widely known. C．American students often go to the island. D．The wild adventures are attractive to the locals.

解析：选B

推理判断题。根据第三段的“Even if you are ... to its Caribbean charm (魅力)．”可知，Eagle Beach的魅力广为人知。

3．The Eagle Beach is most probably a popular place for ________. A．people to hold parties B．sea turtles to lay eggs C．birds to look for food D．eagles to have a rest 解析：选B

推理判断题。根据第三段的“If you're lucky, you can observe sea turtle hatchlings (幼崽) as they make their way to the ocean.”可推断，这是海龟产卵的地方。

B

When I took Amy home from the animal shelter, she was scared. I believed she had been abused (虐待) because she was afraid of anything my husband, Bill, or I held in our hands. With a lot of care and attention, she became a great dog that surprised us every day. About three years ago, Amy and I joined a volunteer project called Canines with Class. At our first school visit, Officer Lisa called Amy and asked her to show how to shake hands and give a high five. The students clapped (拍手) in joy and Amy received a reward. Then the students got to touch the dog. One by one they came up to meet Amy. Some of them started talking to me about their own pets. I didn't feel worried any more. I thought the children liked staying with us. On our next school visit,

I put a big chain (链条) on Amy's neck and walked away from her. You could see that Amy was not happy. When I took the chain off her neck, Amy shook her tail happily and wouldn't stop licking (舔) my face. That was when we talked about “breaking the chain”．

On our third school trip, Amy started acting poorly when it was time to show off a few tricks. The students watched to see how I would correct her mistakes. It was a good chance to explain that if your dog doesn't do exactly what you ask, you don't have to shout at her or hit her to make it right. I think the children have learned a lot about respect and patience. Amy loves the program and has come so far since I found her a

few years ago. Amy has broken the chain, and the love she gives those children will help them become good pet owners. 语篇解读：作者与自己领养的狗参加了一个志愿者项目，旨在告诉人们要善待动物。

4．The author thought Amy had been abused mainly because of ________. A．Amy's body shape B．Amy's eyes C．where Amy had lived before

D．how Amy reacted to something 解析：选D

细节理解题。根据第一段的“I believed she had been abused (虐待) because she was afraid of anything my husband, Bill, or I held in our hands.”可知，作者是根据Amy的一些反应判断出来的。

5．During the first school visit, the author was most probably ________. A．nervous

C．calm

B．encouraged D．upset 解析：选B

推理判断题。根据第二段的“Some of them started ... staying with us.”可推断，刚开始作者也很担心，但是和孩子们交流之后发现，孩子们也喜欢他们来学校，因此作者深受鼓舞。

6．What was the purpose of the second school visit? A．To show how dogs get happy. B．To encourage children to be free. C．To encourage children to save dogs. D．To show why we should stop using dog chains. 解析：选D

细节理解题。根据第三段的“That was when we talked about ‘breaking the chain.’”可知，第二次去学校交流的目的是为了告诉孩子们狗不喜欢被链子拴住，我们应该停止使用狗链。

7．What did the children learn from the third school trip? A．Dogs are stupid at times. B．Everyone makes mistakes. C．Dog owners should be patient. D．People should respect each other. 解析：选C

推理判断题。根据第四段的“It was a good chance ... respect and patience.”可推断，孩子们学会了对宠物要有耐心。

C

The Museum of London is starting to unearth what might turn out to be as many as 3,000 human skeletons (遗骸) under a train station in the United Kingdom's capital. The bones were exposed when workers began building a new entrance to a train station in London, England. As the first city burial (埋葬) ground in London, Bedlam was probably used between 1569 and 1738. Its name comes from the nearby Hospital of Saint Mary of Bethlehem, which people also called Bedlam. Often, the people buried in Bedlam could not afford to be buried anywhere else. The burial ground also served as an overflow cemetery (墓地). That means that if other cemeteries became full, a person would be buried in Bedlam instead. It is believed that there could be a total of 20,000 skeletons in the overall burial ground.

Experts think studying the skeletons may help them learn about London's past, including questions about the Black Death, a deadly disease that had a terrible influence on much of the world. It started in the mid-1300s and swept through Asia, Africa, and Europe. Historians believe almost 50 million people died of the disease, including many of those buried at Bedlam. “Sixteen sixty-five saw the very last recorded period of the disease，” says Jay Carver, the leading expert on the project. Carver and his team believe the Bedlam bodies may explain why the outbreak suddenly stopped. The dig site also sits above an even older Roman (古罗马的) road (between the 2nd and 3rd century A．D.). Archaeologists (考古学家) have already found a large number of objects from Roman times, including horseshoes and urns. Nick Elsden, the project manager for the site, says，“This is the UK's largest archaeology project, in what is one of the oldest areas of the city, so we stand to learn a great deal.”

语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了伦敦修建车站时发现的一些遗骸。

8．The underlined word “exposed” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced by “________”．

A．discovered

C．returned

B．searched D．studied 解析：选A

词义猜测题。由该词后的“when workers began building a new entrance to a train station”可知，当工人们开始修建通往一个火车站的新入口时发现了这些遗骸，故选A项。

9．We can learn from the text that Bedlam________. A．served as a cemetery for rich people B．was once taken up by the Romans C．got its name thanks to Jay Carver D．used to be a train station 解析：选B

推理判断题。由最后一段中的“The dig site also sits above an even older Roman (古罗马的) road”和“a large number of objects from Roman times”可知，Bedlam曾被古罗马人侵占，故选B项。

10．What was expressed in Nick Elsden's words? A．Pride.

C．Excitement.

B．Praise. D．Kindness. 解析：选C

推理判断题。由最后一段中的“This is the UK's largest archaeology project ... we stand to learn a great deal.”可知，对于这一发现他非常兴奋，故选C项。

11．What would be the best title for the text? A．The Museum of London B．A Roman road in Bedlam

C．History of the Black Death D．Skeleton secrets in London 解析：选D

标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了伦敦修建车站时发现的一些遗骸，故用D项作为标题最恰当。

D

Part of the reason that English has grown as a world language is that it easily adjusts to (适应) change. However, this means that what one was taught as a child in school may be out of date many years later. When words or phrases change, it can make speakers feel “wrong” because they were taught that something else was “right.”

One example of this is a term connected to school itself. Today, it is common for people to say that they “graduated high school”

or college. The word

“graduate”

has

two common meanings. One is to mark off a series. The other meaning is closely related. As you move through school, you cross off a series of achievements: grade school, middle school, high school, and college. So, in a way, school itself is “graduated.”

So, when people used to speak of getting a degree, they said they “graduated from college.” “To graduate college” would have meant to mark it off by year — the first year, the second year etc. Similarly, “to graduate to college” would have meant to complete high school and move up to the next level. But as happens often in English, when people understand your meaning, smaller words can disappear. “I graduated college”

is now easy to say. This may distress people who were taught that you had to use “from” to be correct. But this is not the first time this phrase has been simplified. It used to be that you said, “I was graduated from college，” instead of, “I graduated from college.”

You can't know what English will keep and what it will lose. Who could imagine that we would still say we “dial” a phone number when we now push buttons on our cellphone? Yet we know what it means. 语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了英语是一门不断发展变化的语言。

12．What do we know about the word “graduate”？

A．It has two similar meanings. B．There was a change in its meanings. C．It had nothing to do with school at first. D．It got an extra meaning during its development. 解析：选A

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The word ‘graduate’ has two common meanings. One is to mark off a series. The other meaning is closely related.”可知，graduate一词有两个相近的意思。

13．Which of the following is the newest usage of “graduate”？

A．I was graduated from college. B．I was to graduate to college. C．I graduated from college. D．I graduated college. 解析：选D

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“what one was taught as

a child in school may be out of date many years later”和第二段中的“One example of ... or college.”可知，I graduated college是最新的用法。

14．The underlined word “distress” probably means “________”．

A．change

C．worry

B．correct D．hurt 解析：选C

词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“who were taught that you had to use ‘from’ to be correct”可知，对于那些在学校学的是I graduated from college的人来说，他们认为I graduated college是错误的说法，然而现在人们却经常这样说，这让他们感到不安。故distress和worry意思相近。

15．What's the best title for the text? A．Right or wrong? B．Words come and go in English C．English is a very changeable language D．How should English be taught in school? 解析：选B

标题归纳题。文章第一段点出英语在发展变化，第二至四段举例说明graduate一词的用法，最后一段中的“You can't know what English will keep and what it will lose.”更是点出文章的主旨。故B项作标题贴切。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Many of us believe that if we earned more money, were thinner, were married (or single), had more friends, then we would be happy. What we fail to realize is that lasting happiness doesn't come from anything outside of ourselves. __16__ We create our own happiness. And we can start being happy by loving our lives exactly as they are right now. Here's how. Live in the present. When you are living in the present, you are living where life is happening right now. You are in here and now, which is the only time you have any control over your situation. __17__ The only time you can truly love your life is when you are experiencing the present moment.

__18__ People waste valuable time and energy doing what they don't enjoy and later

have regrets (懊悔) when they realize they could have lived a happier life. So make the choice to spend more time doing what you love. Doing the things that bring you joy creates positive emotions, improves general behavior, and makes you feel great. Stop trying to please others. __19__ So why try? Your worth depends on no one else's acceptance. When you are busy trying to please others, you are not respecting your true self. The less you concentrate on others' opinions, the more time you have to concentrate on things that are important to you. Value your loved ones.__20__ It's easy to get so busy in life that you forget how important your important relationships are. When you choose to value your loved ones more through loving words and actions, it may surprise you just how enjoyable and strong these relationships can become. A．Do what brings you joy. B．Make the right choice to live. C．It just comes from our inside world. D．Everyone around you needs your care. E．The past is over, and the future is yet to come. F．The truth is that you will never be able to please everybody. G．Be the best parent, partner, friend, son or daughter you can be. 答案：16～20

CEAFG