Learning about Language优秀教学设计

Unit 2 Working the land 一、语言要点

I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）

词语

辨析

1. expand / extend / spread / stretch

2. occupation / job / work / employment / career / profession 1. hunger n.[u] 饥饿；欲望

hungry adj. 饥饿的

2. expand v.使变大；伸展

3. satisfy vt. 使某人满意

达到要求；满足需要

词形

变化

expansion n.[u,c]扩大；

扩展

satisfied adj. 对……

表示满意

satisfactory/sarisfying adj. 令人满意的

satisfaction n. 满意

4. free adj.&adv.自由的(地) freedom n.自由

免费的(地)

vt. 解放

词汇

部分

重点

单词

5. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备

equipment n.[u] 装备；

设备

6. discover vt.发现，找到

discovery n.被发现的事物，发现

discoverer n. 发现者

重点

词组

1. struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力

2. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备

3. regret (regretted) vt. (对……)遗憾；惋惜

n.[c,u] 遗憾；惋惜

4. reduce vt.&vi. 减少；减缩

5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦

n.[c,u] 焦点；中心点

6. comment vi.&vt. 表达意见；作出评论

n.[c,u] 评论；议论

1. thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为

(有时作反语) 2. rid sb./sth. of 使某人某物摆脱

3. be satisfied with 对……表示满足或满意

4. would rather 宁愿……

5. build up 逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；积累；开发

6. lead to 导致；造成（后果）；通往

7. keep...free from/of 使……免受(影响/伤害)；使……不含(有害物)

1. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 2. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. V-ing 的基本用法（见语法部分）

重点句子

重点语法

II 词语辨析

(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1. expand / extend / spread / stretch 【解释】

expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张

extend 强调向某一方向的延长

spread 指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳膊张开

stretch 指手掌，手臂，腰，腿，颈由曲变直，由短变长的伸展或伸出，多与out连用

【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。

1). The man _______ the information around.

2). The empire _______ its country in the 16th century.

3). The road builders worked hard to _______ the high way. 4). She _______ out her hands to meet me. 5). The project will _______ the city’ s telephone network to cover 1000000 users.

Keys: 1). spread

2). expanded

3). extend

4). stretch

5). expand 2. occupation / job / work / employment / career / profession 【解释】

occupation指一个人经常担任的工作，不论是否领取工资。

job非正式用语，指一份固定的赚钱工作，不论是否需要技术和特殊训练。

work多用来指工作本身，平常我们每做一件事无论大小，都可以称为work。

employment 指受雇于他人，领取工资谋生计，并且比较固定的工作。

career 指职业、事业；指某种经过特殊训练而又为之献身的终身事业，带有崇高色彩。

profession 指那些必须受到特殊教育及训练才可胜任，带有专业性质的工作，多为创造性的脑力劳动。

【练习】用occupation，job，work，employment，career，profession的适当形式填空。

1). She has a good ________ in the bank.

2). She is an architect by ________.

3). She abandoned her stage ________. 4). Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find ________.

5). Please write down your name, ________ and address here in the form. Keys: 1). job

2). profession/occupation

3). career

4). employment

5). occupation III 词性变化

（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）

1. hunger n.[u] 饥饿；欲望

hungry adj. 饥饿的

2. expand v.使变大；伸展

3. satisfy vt. 使某人满意

达到要求；满足需要

expansion n.[u,c]扩大；扩展

satisfied adj. 对……表示满意

satisfactory/sarisfying adj. 令人满意的

satisfaction n. 满意

4. free adj.&adv.自由的(地) freedom n.自由

免费的(地)

vt. 解放

5. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备

equipment n.[u] 装备；设备

6. discover vt.发现，找到

discovery n.被发现的事物，发现

discoverer n. 发现者

【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。

1). In some poor African areas, many children died of ________ (hungry) every year.

2). The basic needs of the world population should ________ (satisfy) first.

3). The survey found that men got greater ________ (satisfy) from caring for their families than they did from work.

4). The rapid ________ (expand) of cities can cause social and economic problems.

5). We were told to keep all our sports ________ (equip) in the lockers downstairs.

6). The people there enjoy complete ________ (free) of speech.

7). The ________ (discover) of electricity was Franklin. 8). Like many ________ (discover), atomic power can be used for good or evil.

Keys: 1). hunger

2). be sarisfied 3). satisfaction

4). expansion 5). equipment

6). freedom

7). discoverer

8). discoveries

IV 重点词汇

（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）

1. struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力

[典例]

1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。

2). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。

[词语归纳] struggle for 为……而斗争

struggle with / against与……作斗争

struggle to do sth.努力做某事

straggle to one’ s feet挣扎着站起来

a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗

[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。

1). They are ________ (为……而斗争) the position 2). They struggled all through the years ______ us _______ the Japanese.(介词) 3). The fox struggled ________ (escape). 4). He _______ _______ _______ _______ (挣扎着站起来) and dragged slowly ahead. Keys: 1). struggling for

2). with; against

3). to escape

4). struggled to his feet

2. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备

equipment n.[u] 装备；设备

[典例] 1). They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他们为远征治装。

2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用终生。

[重点用法] equip sb./sth. with 用……武装某人；用……装备某物

equip sb./sth. for 为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物

a piece of office equipment 一件办公设备

[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。

1). The soldiers were well _______ _______ (装备好了) weapons.

2). We must equip young teachers _______ _______ _______ (对付) difficult children.

3). This library is equipped _______ (介词) atomic research. 4). Our classroom _______ _______ _______ (装备有) a computer and a tape recorder. Keys: 1). equipped with

2). to deal with

3). for

4). is equipped with

3. regret (regretted) vt. (对……)遗憾；惋惜

n.[c,u] 遗憾；惋惜

[典例] 1). If you go now, you’ ll regret it. 假若你现在就走, 一定得後悔。

2). I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉, 那个工作已经有人做了。

[重点用法] regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知

regret doing / having done sth. 后悔已做了某事

regret that 遗憾/后悔…

[练习] 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。

1). I now regret _______ (leave) school so young. 2). _______ _______ _______ _______(非常抱歉), I am unable to accept your invitation. 3). I regret _______ (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed.

Keys: 1). leaving / having done

2). Much to my regret/To my great regret

3). to inform

4. reduce vt.&vi. 减少；减缩

reduction n.缩减，减少，降低

[典例] 1). He reduced his weight from 98 to 92 kilos/by 6 kilos. 他把体重从98公斤减少到92公斤。

2). The reform has reduced us to servants of the State. 这一改革把我们都降为公务员了。

[重点用法] reduce sth (from...) to... 把某物从……减少到……

reduce sth. by... 减少多少

[练习] 根据句子意思填入正确的介词。

1). We must reduce our expenses ______ 300 yuan a month.

2). Their output has been reduced ______ 10 percent. 3). He reduced his weight ______ 6 kilos. Keys: 1). to

2). by

3). by

5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦

n. [c,u] 焦点；中心点

[典例] 1). Focus your camera. 把照相机的焦距调准。

2). Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她长得漂亮, 很惹人注目。

[重点用法] focus on集中于

focus (one’ s attention/mind/efforts) on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于

[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。

1). The focus of recent research has been _______ (介词) environmental issues.

2). All eyes _______ _______ (集中于) her. 3). They focused their mind on ______ (do) the experiment.

Keys: 1). on

2). focussed on

3). doing

6.comment vi.&vt. 表达意见；作出评论

n. [c, u] 评论；议论

[典例] 1). The scandal caused a lot of comment. 这件丑闻遭到很多议论。

2). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”“部长，你是要辞职吗?”“无可奉告。”

[重点用法] comment on/about sth./sb. 对某事/某人评论

make comments/no comment on sth./sb. 对某事/某人评论/不进行评论

[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。

1). Have you any comment(s) _______ (make) on the recent developments?

2). Asked about the date of the election, the Prime Minister _______ _______ (发表意见) no decision had yet been made.

3). She was asked about the pay increase but _______ _______ _______ (不进行评论) on it. Keys: 1). to make

2). commented that

3). made no comment

V 重点词组

（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）

1. thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为

(有时作反语)

[典例] 1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的帮助, 减少了许多麻烦。

2). Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏这个倒霉天气, 比赛取消了。

[重点用法] thanks to 相当于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of 如：

1). He was injured due to /owing to a car accident.

2). His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience.

3). The train arrived late on account of /as a result of a heavy snow.

4). Thanks to him, I’ m getting better and better .

5). It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game .

[练习] 翻译句子。

1). 多亏了新的政策，我们现在过着幸福的生活。

__________________________________________________________________________

2). 多亏了他的忠告我才得以成功。(用强调句)

__________________________________________________________________________ 3). 由于交通堵塞我迟到了。

__________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). Thanks to the new policy, we are now having a happy life.

2). It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.

3). I was late thanks to the traffic jam.

2. rid sb./sth. of... 使某人/某物摆脱……

[典例] 1). Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他

免除痛苦。

[重点用法] rid 短语：

be rid of 摆脱

get rid of 摆脱；除掉；去掉

rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠

rid oneself of debt 还清债务

[类似用法动词] inform/ warn/ cure sb. of… 通知/警告/治愈某人……

[练习] 翻译填空。

1). He struggled to _______ _______ _______ (使自己摆脱) his guilt. 2). The proposals are an attempt to _______ _______ _______ (使国家清除) political corruption. 3). He was a boring nuisance! I’ m glad to _______ _______ _______ (摆脱他的纠缠) him. 4). I still can’ t _______ _______ _______ (摆脱) my cold. 5). The sales manager asked his men to _______ _______ _______ (通知) everything concerning the sales in time. 6). The passengers ______ _______ _______ (警告) the danger of unsteady landing. Keys: 1). rid himself of

2). rid the country of

3). be rid of

4). get rid of

5). inform him of

6). are warned of

3. be satisfied with = be content with 对……表示满足或满意

[典例] 1). I was not satisfied with the result. 我对那个结果感到不满意。

2). You’ve done well at school. I’m very satisfied with you. 你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。

[重点用法]

sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人满意

sb. is satisfied sth. 对……表示满足或满意

be satisfied to do 对做……感到满意

be satisfied that clause 对做……感到满意

a satisfied smile 满意的微笑

a satisfied customer 感到满意的顾客

feel a sense of satisfaction感到满足感 to sb’ s / sth’ s satisfaction 使某人满意的是

far from satisfactory 远远不能令人满足

it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人满意的

a satisfactory explanation / performance令人满意的解释/演出

get/obtain/derive satisfaction from one’ s work 从自己的工作中得到满足

[练习] 根据句子意思用satisfy 的适当形式填空。

1). I am not ________ (satisfy) with your work. You must improve it.

2). The result doesn’ t ________ (satisfy) me.

3). What he has done is far from ________ (satisfy). 4). He hung up the phone, ________ (satisfy) with a smile on his face. 5). It can be very ________ (satisfy) to work in the garden. 6). Finance officials expressed ________ (satisfy) with the recovery of the dollar. Keys: 1). satisfied

2). satisfy

3). satisfactory

4). satisfied

5). satisfying

6). satisfaction

4. would rather 宁愿……

[典例] 1). I’ d rather walk than take a bus. 我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。

2). “Some more wine?” “Thank you, I’ d rather not. I have to drive home.”“再来一点酒好吗?”“不要了，我不能再喝了。

我还得开车回家呢。”

[重点用法] would rather do A (than do B) = would (prefer to) do A (rather than do B) 宁愿做甲事(而不做乙事)

would rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事

[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。

1). I would rather you ________ (know) now, than afterwards. 2). Rather than ________ (ride) on a crowded bus, I prefer ________ (walk).

3). 她宁可死也不愿失去孩子们。

_______________________________________________________________________________Keys: 1). knew

2). ride; to walk

3). She’ d rather die than lose the children.

5. build up 逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；积累；开发

[典例] 1). You need more protein to build you up. 你需要增加蛋白质以增强体质。

2). He is now trying to build up a fine reputation. 他正在努力逐步赢得好的声誉。

[练习] 翻译填空。

1). Slowly a thick layer of fat ________ ________ (越聚越多) on the pan’ s surface.

2). Exercise will help ________ ________ (增强) the muscles.

3). They have finally ________ ________ (建立) a big company. Keys: 1). builds up

2). build up

3). built up

6. lead to 导致；造成（后果）；通往

[典例]

1). This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。

2). His actions could lead to him losing his job. 他的行为有可能会导致他丢了工作。

[短语归纳] lead短语：

lead sb. to 把某人带到

lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事

lead sb. in doing sth. 领导/带领某人做某事

lead to sb. doing sth. 导致某人做某事