Learning about Language教案设计范例

定语从句

一

定义

(the attributive clause ) ：

英语中用来修饰名词或代词的从句成为定语从句。

定语从句是一个句子作定语，修饰名词或代词，放在所修饰的词之后。被修饰的词叫先行词，引导从句并在从句中充当一定成分的词叫引导词。

eg

The girl (who is sitting under the tree is my sister ). 二．分类

限定性定语从句

非限定性定语从句

①限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开，引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略；

②非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思的完整，一般用逗号把主句和从句分开。关系代词用which，不用that；指人时可用who，例如：

I have two sisters, who are both students. The woman, (who is our foreign teacher) ,comes from America. Crusoe’s dog, which was now very old, became ill and died.

三．引导词

关系代词

who

,that , which , whom , whose

关系副词

when

, where, why

关系词在句子中的作用

①

起连接作用

②

代替先行词

③

在定语从句中担当一个成分

who

指人

（主）

whom 指人

（宾）

that

指人或物

（主或宾）（作宾语可省略）

which 指物

（

主或宾）（作宾语可省略）

whose 指人或物

（定）

where

地点

（状）

when

时间

（状）

why

原因

（状）

关系词的选择一定要看在句子中所作的成分

I will never forget the days _______ we worked together. I will never forget the days _______ we spent together.

The reason

________ he left was not clear. The reason _________ he gave was particular.

1.The student________ answered the question was John.

2.I know the reason __________he was so angry.

3.The boy________you are talking to is my brother.

4. I'd like a room___________ window looks out over the sea.

5. This is the house ____________ I bought last year. 6. This is the house ____________ was bought last year. 7.Linda lives in the room ________ window faces south. 8．Linda lives in the room ________ the window faces south . 9. A number of children ______ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities. 10. This frightened boy ______ mother was lost in the disaster is

looking for for now . 11. We went to see our teacher ______ husband lost his life in remember. (6) 疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复。

the earthquake . 12.I can’t forget the night ________ I came to the farm. 13. There were moments _______ we didn’t agree with each other. 14. The factory _______ his father works is in the west of the city. 15 Finally ,they got to a country cottage, _______ they were warmly received. 16.The Science Museum , ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. 四．定语从句中需要注意的情况

1 只用that 不用which的情况

(1) 先行词为不定代词，如all, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等

All _____ can be done has been done. (2) 先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。

This is the very book _______ I am looking for. (3) 先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。

This is the first place _______ attracts me. (4) 先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。

This is the largest ship ______ I have ever seen. (5) 先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. We often talk about the persons and things _______ we

Who is the boy _______shook hands with you just now?

Which is the hotel ______ you stayed at last month? (7) 被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that

Shanghai is no longer the city ______ it used to be . 2.非限制性定语从句中连接词不能用that ,也不能省略。

1）She has two brothers, _______ are teachers.

A who

B that

C whom

D /

2) I have three pens ,_______ are red.

A which

B that

C who

D / 3 介词+关系代词

人

介词+whom

（引导词不能省略）

物

介词

+which

1）The house ___________ he once lived now becomes a shop. 2) The man ________ you talked is a

famous runner. 判断方法：

①

与先行词的搭配

②

看与动词的搭配

1）I will never forget the day ______

I first met him. 2) The man _________ you spoke just now is my brother. 4 定语从句中的主谓一致

one of + n.(复) +关系代词

+复数v.

the one of +n.(复) + 关系代词

+ 单数v. 1)

He is one of the foreign experts who ______ (be ) working in the

factory . 2)

He is the one of the foreign experts who ______ (be ) working in ③

Anyone who (=Whoever) failed to come to the meeting the factory . 5

the way in which /

that / 省略

I don’t like _______ you speak to her. A the way

B the way in that

C the way which

D the way of which 6 用who 的情况

(1) 先行词为anyone, anybody,

one, ones, they, he, people时. The student you should learn from is the one ______ works hard and studies well. (2) 先行词是those ，all且指人时

Those _____ want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. All _____ have studied this question have come to the same conclusion. (3) 在There be 结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who 指代人.

There is a young lady ______ asks for you .

练习：

①The person I want to learn from is the one ______studies hard and works well.

②Those______ are not fit for their work should leave office at once yesterday must give his reason . ④

I don't like the ones (= those ) who talk big. 7.as 引导的定语从句

1) as 用作关系代词，既可指人，又可指物。在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。它常用在the same …as …

,such …

as…,as …as …等句型中，as 不能省略。

Such teachers_______ know Tom think him bright. I’ll buy the same dictionary _______ you have. 2).as 引导非限制性定语从句时，代表整个主句内容。从句可放在主句前、主句后或主句中间。

______ we know ,China has become a world famous powerful nation. Lu Xun,______ is known to us all, was a great writer.

Tom failed the exam, ________ made his parents angry. 定语从句

Ⅰ.选择题

1.I've read all the books _______you gave me.

A.which

B.them C.what

D.that

2.There isn't much _____I can do.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.how

3.He keeps a record of everything _______he had seen there. A.he

B.that

C.which

D.what

4.Tell us about the people and the places _______ are different from ours. A.that

B.who

C.which

D.whom

5.Mr John said that Suzhou was the first city ______he had visited in China. A.that

B.where

C.which

D.what

6.The TV play I watched last night is the best one______ I have watched thisyear. A.which

B.what

C.whose

D.that

7.This is the fastest train_______ is going to Nanjing. A.that

B.what

C.where

D.／

8.①Is this the museum ______you visited the other day? ②Is this museum ______you visited the other day? A.that

B.where

C.in which

D.the one

9.I began to work in Beijing in the year________New China was

founded. A.when

B.that

C.which

D.where 10.This is the very film___________ I've long wished to see. A.which

B.that

C.who

D.whom 11.There is no difficulty________can't be overcome in the world. A.that

B.which

C.who

D.what 12.Who is the person________ is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower? A.who

B.that

C.which

D.whom 13.This was the supermarket

I bought this kind of tin. A.where

B.that

C.who

D.which 14.The house

the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery. A.that

B.where

C.what

D.when 15.This is the last time________ I shall come here to help you. A.that

B.which

C.when

D.what 16.The house ___________we live is not big. A.in that

B.which

C.in which

D.that 17. I showed the doctor the place _______ I felt the pain. A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when 18.All ______glitters is not gold.

A.that

B.which

C.／

D.what 19.I now know why Mao impresses everyone who meets him the way___ he does.

A.which

B.what

C.／

D.now 20.Beijing,________ is the capital of China,is a beautiful city. A.that

B.it

C.which

D.／

21.She was no longer the woman

she was. A.that

B.which

C.what

D.who 22.That's the hotel

last year. A.which we stayed

B.at that we stayed C.Where we stayed at

D.where we stayed 23.The doctor did all

to save the wounded boy. A.what he could

B.he could

C.everything which he could

D.for which he could do 24.Anyone

this opinion may speak out. A.that againsts

B.that against

C.who is against

D.who are against 25.The place

you are standing used to be an old church. A.which

B.where

C.that

D.when 26.You've made the same mistake

you made last time.

A.as

B.like

C.which

D.that 27.It is not such an interesting magazine

I thought. A.as

B.that

C.which

D.／

28.

you know,he is a famous musician.

A.As

B.which

C.That

D.／

29.Mr Zhou,

native language was Chinese,could read and write several foreign languages.

A.whose

B.his

C.which D.that 30.Do you know the actor

you saw playing Hamlet is now doing King Lear?

A.who

B.whom

C.whose D.which 31.I took my friend to the Summer Palace,

we had some photos

taken. A.where

B.which

C.that

D.／

32.Do you remember the day

your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts?

A.which

B.on which

C.about which D.／

33.The bus,

was already full,was surrounded by an angry crowd. A.which of most B.most of which

C.which of the mostD.most of that

34.We all remember the days

we studied together at school. A.which

B.that

C.when

D.／

35.Do you know the reason

he didn't come? A.that

B.which

C.for

D.why

36.I showed the doctor the place

I felt the pain. A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when 37.He is the only one of the three

got the new idea.

A.who have B.whom have

C.who has D.whose had 38.I'm one of the students

well in English in my class. A.who does

B.who do

C.which does

D.who did

39.This is the baby

tomorrow. A.after whom I shall look

B.whom I shall look after C.whose I shall look after

D.after whom I shall look after