Learning about Language教学实录与评析

“动词现在分词作状语”

教学目的：在尽可能贴近真实的语境中，学习动词现在分词作状语的用法。经过本课学习，学生能够懂得：

1、现在分词(v.-ed)短语作状语,表示谓语动作发生的时间、伴随、原因、方式、伴随情况等,相当于一个状语从句。

2、现在分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语一定是保持一致的。

3、现在分词与主句主语之间为主动的关系。

4、现在分词的否定形式。

5、分词前边可以加when, if, unless, once, although等连词，构成“连词+分词”形式作状语。

教学过程：

Step 1

动词-ing是动词非谓语形式中的一种, 单独使用时, 能在句中做除

_谓语____ 之外的任何其他句子成分。如: 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。

1. Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother.

2. When crossing the street, you must be careful.

3. Not finishing his homework, he didn’t want to go school.

4.

Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.

5. His father died, leaving him alone. 学习小结：The –ing form can be used as an adverbial in a sentence to give information about

results, reasons,time, accompanying, manner, etc. Step 2 1. Having written the letter, John went to the post office. 2. Seeing the beautiful sight, the children felt excited.

V-ing: having done表动作有先有后或动作的持续性

doing表动作同时发生

Exercise 1）Hearing (hear) the news, he jumped with joy.

2）We stood there, watching(watch) the film.

3）Studying (study)attentively, he didn’t look up when I came in.

学习小结：现在分词一般式

doing作状语，由表“主动”的从句简化而成，

表示分词动作和主句动作同时或几乎同时发生。

Exercise 1.Having taken the wrong bus, Martin found himself in an unfamiliar district. 2 Having given her opinion about protecting the environment, she left the meeting. 3 Having bought the precious necklace, she had no money left. 4 Having spent all day at home writing, the novelist went out for a walk in the evening. 5 Having arrived early for his date, Mark spent time reading the newspaper. 学习小结：现在分词完成式

having done作状语，分词动作的持续性或分词动作发生在主句

动作之前。

Step 3 Not finishing his homework, he didn’t want to go school.

Not knowing his telephone number, I didn’t call him.

Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. 学习小结：现在分词一般式

doing作状语，否定形式为

not doing

。

现在分词完成式

having done作状语，否定形式为

not having done

Step4 1）When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. → Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.

2）We stood there and watched the film. →

We stood there, watching the film.

3）Because he was studying attentively, he didn’t look up when I came in.

→Studying attentively, he didn’t look up when I came in.

1) Because he has suffered cancer for many years, he becomes optimistic about everything. = Having suffering cancer for many years, he becomes optimistic about everything. 2) After he had finished his work, he went out to have a walk. = Having finishing his work, he went out to have a walk.

Step5

Arriving (arrive) at the party, I found all my friends were already there. The dancing was just beginning. Standing (stand), I saw some of my friends chatting (chat) at a table. So I went over to join them. All this while I had not seen my hostess. Having taken (take) a drink, I felt uncomfortable and got a headache. A maid took me upstairs to rest. It was about 10 pm. Having rested (rest) for a while, I felt better and went to the balcony to have some fresh air. It was at that moment that I realized something was wrong. Hearing (hear) a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying (lie) unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests. She was shot. Step6 Homework Review what we have learned today.