Learning about Language教案推荐

Unit2 Working the land Grammar and Useful Structures Learning Aims To help students learn about The –ing form as the Subject & Object. To help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions. To help students discover and learn to use some useful structures.

Procedures I. Warming up Warming up reading aloud the text A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Language is learned in context. So let’s first review the text learned yesterday by reading it aloud. Try to force out your English slowly and clearly.

II. Discovering useful words and expressions In pairs do the exercises 1, 2 and 3. You must finish them in 5 minutes. Then check the answers together. III. Learning about grammar 1. Read and identify Read the text about Yuan Longping again, paying attention to the sentences which use the –ing form as the subject and object.

In the sentence “Wishing for things, however, cost nothing. “the –ing is used as subject.

It can be also used as object of the sentence. For example: Yuan Longping likes playing his violin.

2. Explanation

(1) 动词-ing作主语的用法

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动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：

Seeing is believing.

Helping her is my duty. 

动词-ing作主语和不定式做主语一样，也可用it作形式主语。如：

It’s rather tiring walking around in a city.

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不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：

It’s no use crying over spilt milk.

（指抽象动作）

He realized that to go on like this was wrong. （指具体动作）

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动名词作主语表单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。

Walking after supper is good for your health. 

动名词的复合结构作主语

(动名词的复合结构是指物主代词、名词所有格是动名词逻辑上的主语、动名词是其逻辑上的谓语。)

Your coming made us happy.

Your father’s cooking is very good.

(2) 动词-ing作宾语的用法

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有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语，如admit, appreciate, avoid，can’t stand(不能忍受), consider, delay, mind, devote … to, dislike enjoy, escape, miss (错过), excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine, insist on, keep (on), look forward to, mention, pay attention to, practice, put off, stick to, suggest等。

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在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动词-ing作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式(宾语补足语) ”的形式。如：

We don’t allow smoking here．

We don’t allow anybody to smoke here

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动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：

The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned．

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在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。

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动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。

forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

3. Consolidating by do exercises Do some exercises to consolidate students’ understanding.

IV. Homework

Do exercises 2,3,4 on pages 13. You may just write on your text book.