Learning about Language优质课教案内容

Unit 1 Cultural Relics Grammar Teaching Aims:

Get the students to grasp the restrictive attributive clause and non-restrictive attributive clause. Teaching Important and difficult points:

Enable the students to use the restrictive attributive clause and non-restrictive attributive clause. Teaching aids:

a projector, slides and pictures Teaching Procedure Step 1. Organization Step 2. Revision.

Get the students to complete the exercises: 1.

A c_____ relic is often something old that reminds us of the past. 2.

Both parents were killed by the earthquake, but the children s_______. 3.

That dictionary b______ to the library is of great use for the English beginners. 4.

The Great Wall of China is publicly recognized as one of the w_______ of the world. 5. W_____ bridges are not stronger than stone ones. 6. The New Year here is often c___________ with a dance party. 7. The robber who killed a shop owner will be on t________ next week. 8. He p_______ to be reading an important paper when the boss entered. 9. The t_________ dug out of the earth was a box of gold coins. 10. Can you show me any e________ for your statement(陈述)? Answer: 1.cultural

2.survived

3. belonging

4. wonders

5. Wooden

6. celebrated

7. trial

8. pretended

9. treasure

10.evidence

Step 3. Grammar 一、定语从句的定义：

用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。定语从句一般是由关系代词或关系副词来引导的。相当于名词和形容词的作用。

eg: 1. Do you know the man who came to

see Xiao Yang this morning?

2.The day is not far off when we will make a trip to Britain.

二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：

1、引导作用

2、替代作用

3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用

eg: 1.Those who want to go please sign your names here.

2.This is the house where he was born.

3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions. 三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

1．限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。

如：

a) What is the name of the girl who is standing there?

站在那边的那个女孩叫什么名字? b) London is a city (that) I' ve

always wanted to visit.

伦敦是我常想去参观的一个城市。

2．非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。如：

a) Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a very long history.

中国的首都北京历史非常悠久。

b) Yesterday I met Zhang Yuanhang, who came from Shenyang.

昨天我遇见张远航，他从沈阳来的。

c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed.

他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。

3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。

eg. He always borrowed something from me, which borthered me very much.

他老跟我借东西，令我不胜其扰。

析：从语境可知，令我烦的内容应为他老跟我借东西这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。

A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.

一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语，令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。

析：从语境可知，令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句。

4.关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替whom，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替。

eg.This is the girl whom I met in the street.

这是我在街上遇到的女孩。

先行词the girl在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用who代替whom。

eg.A young man had a new girl friend, whom he wanted to impress.

一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻印象。

先行词a new girl friend在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不可用who代替whom。

5. 比较：

a) She has two brothers who are working in the city.

She has more than two brothers. 她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。

b) She has two brothers, who are working in the city.

She has only two brothers. 她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。

下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。

a) He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others.

他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。

b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others.

他不穿衣服，这会使他显得与众不同。

Step 4. Homework

Get the students to do the exercises in work book.