Learning about Language教学设计一等奖

教学设计Unit 1

Great scientists

Tu Youyou，born in Zhejiang in 1930，is the chief professor at the China Academy of Traditional Medicine.As a high school student，she showed great interest in medicine.In 1951，she was admitted into Peking University，where she studied so hard that she was well thought of by many teachers and classmates.Since graduation in 1955，she has been devoted to studying

traditional Chinese medicine and modern western medicine.In 2011，she won the Lasker Award for discovering artemisinin(青蒿素)，which has saved millions of lives.Four years later，she won the Nobel Prize and became the first Chinese woman to receive this honor.All of us Chinese are proud of her and her achievement，for she has made a great contribution to the development of medicine in the world.Tu and her colleagues conducted research that led to

the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin－based drugs are now the standard treatment for malaria(疟疾).The committee said the discoveries have given the world powerful new ways to fight two powerful diseases.It said those diseases affect hundreds of millions of people every year.Despite rapid progress in controlling malaria in the past decade，the mosquito－borne disease still kills more than half a million people a year in the poorest parts of Africa.The committee added that，“The results in terms of improving human health and reducing suffering are immeasurable.” A member of the Nobel committee said that the award for Tu Youyou is the result of a great change in the way China performs scientific research.

词海拾贝

1.be admitted into 被……录取

2.be devoted to doing sth.专心于/致力于……

3.be proud of自豪，高兴；以……而骄傲

4.make a great contribution to...对……做出巨大贡献

5.lead to导致；通向

6.in terms of在……方面；依据，按照

7.immeasurable adj.无限的；不可计量的

Period One

Warming Up & Reading

Ⅰ.单词检测

1.scientific adj.科学的

science n.科学

scientist n.科学家

2.conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出

conclusion n.结论；结束

3.defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败

4.expert adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的；n.专家；行家

5.attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加

6.physician n.医生；内科医师

physical adj.身体的；肉体的

7.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光

8.cure n.治愈；痊愈；vt.治疗；治愈

9.challenge n.挑战；vt.向……挑战

10.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心

absorbed adj.专心致志的

11.suspect vt.怀疑；认为；n.嫌疑犯；被怀疑者

12.severe adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的

13.blame vt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备

14.pollute vt.污染；弄脏

pollution n.污染

15.handle n.柄；把手；vt.处理；操纵

16.announce vt.宣布；通告

announcement n.宣布；通告

17.instruct vt.命令；指示；教导

instruction n.命令；指示

18.foresee vt.预见；预知

Ⅱ.短语默写

1.put forward提出

2.draw a conclusion得出结论

3.expose...to使显露；暴露

4.link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来

5.be to blame应受责备；应负责

6.neither...nor...既不……也不……

7.face the challenge面对挑战

8.slow down减缓

9.absorb...into...把……吸入到……

10.be ready to do...准备做……

阅读清障

①defeat/dI'fiːt/vt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败

②expert/'ekspɜːt/adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的；n.专家；行家

③attend/ə'tend/vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加

④physician/fI'zIʃn/n.医生；内科医师

※so...that“如此……以至于”，so在此修饰形容词expert。破折号后的内容进一步解释前面

的doctor。

⑤inspired/In'spaIəd/adj.感到振奋的，受到鼓舞的

⑥expose/Ik'spəʊz/vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光

expose...to使显露；暴露

※when引导时间状语从句，exposed to cholera在此作后置定语，修饰ordinary people。⑦deadly/'dedlI/adj.致命的

⑧cure/kjʊə/n.治愈；痊愈；vt.治愈；治疗

※neither...nor...(既不……也不……)连接两个并列名词词组作主语。当neither...nor...连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数要遵循就近一致原则。

⑨terrified/'terIfaId/adj.恐惧，很害怕

⑩outbreak/'aʊtbreIk/n.爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争) ※every time“每次”，起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。

⑪challenge/'tʃælIndʒ/n.挑战；vt.向……挑战

※that引导宾语从句，从句中又含有until引导的时间状语从句。

※that引导定语从句，修饰先行词two theories，定语从句中又含有how引导的宾语从句，其作explained的宾语。

⑫multiply/'mʌltIplaI/vi.繁殖；增殖

※suggested在此处意为“间接表明，暗示”，后面的从句不用虚拟语气。

⑬victim/'vIktIm/n.受害者

⑭absorb/əb'zɔːb/vt.吸收；吸引；使专心

※过去分词affected在此作前置定语，表示“受疾病侵袭的”。

⑮suspect/sə'spekt/vt.认为；怀疑

/'sʌspekt/n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯

※本句为并列句，but连接两个并列分句，第一个分句中含有that引导的宾语从句，从句作suspected的宾语。

⑯hit/hIt/vt.打击，危害；攻击，袭击

⑰enquiry/In'kwaIərI/n.询问；调查

※as在此引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。

⑱severe/sI'vIə/adj.严重的；剧烈的

⑲mark v.做标记

※where引导定语从句，修饰先行词the exact places，并在从句中作地点状语。

⑳clue/kluː/n.线索；提示

21pump/pʌmp/n.泵；抽水机；vt.(用泵)抽(水) ○22foresee/fɔː'siː/vt.(foresaw，foreseen)预见；预知

○23further/'fɜːð○ə/adj.更进一步的

24investigation/InˌvestI'ɡeIʃn/n.调查

○investigate/InˌvestIɡeIt/vt.& vi.调查

25blame/bleIm/vt.责备；谴责；n.过失

○※It seemed/seems that...“看来……”，这是一个常用句型。was to blame表示“对……负有责任”，不定式to blame用主动形式表示被动意义。

26look into 调查，审查

○※that引导的从句作found的宾语，从句中过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the river。

27handle/'hændl/n.柄；把手；vt.处理；操纵

○※so that引导目的状语从句。

28slow down 放慢速度，减缓

○29germ/dʒзːm/n.微生物；细菌

○30supporting/sə'pɔːtIŋ/adj.能确证的

○supporting evidence 有力的证据

31be linked to 与……有关

○link...to...将……和……

联系起来

※that引导定语从句，修饰先行词two other deaths。

※who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a woman。

※so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”；had it delivered 为“have sth done”结构。

32announce/ə'naʊns/vt.宣布；通告

○33with certainty 确信地(作状语) ○certainty/’sзːtntI/n.确信；确实

※that引导宾语从句，但在从句中不作成分。

※动词不定式短语作目的状语；prevent...(from) doing表示“阻止……做……”。

※suggested在此表示“建议”，that引导的宾语从句用的是虚拟语气，从句谓语为be examined，be前面省略了should。

30

evidence from two other deaths that were In another part of London，he found supporting○31

the Broad Street outbreak.A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked linked to○the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water.With this extra evidence John Snow was able 32

with certainty○33

that polluted water carried the germs. to announce○To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water 34

not to expose people to polluted supplies be examined.The water companies were instructed○water any more.Finally “King Cholera” was defeated. 课文译文

约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”

约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是致命的疾病。人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治愈方法。所以每次霍乱暴发时，就有成千上万对之感到害怕的人病死。约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战并解决这个问题。他知道直到找到病源，霍乱才能被控制住。

他对两种可能解释霍乱如何致人死亡的看法产生了兴趣。第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。一股危险的气体到处飘动，直到找到它的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。疾病从胃里迅速侵及全身，患者很快就死亡了。

约翰·斯诺认为第二种看法是正确的，但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱时，他就准备开始他的调查。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延时，他就开始收集资料。(他发现)在两条特别的街上这种疫情很严重，以至于10天之内有500多人死去。他决定查明原因。

首先他在一张地图上标记了所有死者曾经住过的精确地点。这给他提供了一条关于该疾病病因的有价值的线索。许多死者生前住在宽街的水泵附近(特别是16、37、38和40号)。他还发现有些住宅区(如宽街上的20号和21号以及剑桥大街上的8号和9号)却无人死亡。他(之前)没预测到这种情况，所以他做了更进一步的调查。他发现这些人都在剑桥大街7号的酒馆里工作。酒馆免费给他们提供啤酒，因此他们没有喝过从(宽街)水泵里抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。

接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现水是从河里来的，而河水被从伦敦排放的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊讶的人们拆掉水泵的把手，这样，水泵就不能用

了。不久，疫情得到了缓解。他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。

在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她非常喜欢从那个水泵里抽上来的水，因此每天都要让人把水运到她家。她和她的女儿喝了这种水后，都得霍乱死了。有了这个额外的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布被污染了的水带有(霍乱)病菌。

为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司接到了指令，不能再让人们接触到被污染的水。最后，“霍乱王”被打败了。

Ⅰ.Read the text and complete the topic sentences of each paragraph.

Para.1

1.Introduction of John Snow and cholera. Para.2

Two 2.theories explaining how cholera killed people. Para.3

John Snow studied the 3.outbreak in 1854 to test the two theories. Para.4

The map gave a valuable clue about the 4.cause of the disease. Para.5

The water was to 5.blame. Para.6

With extra evidence，John Snow was able to announce with certainty that 6.polluted water carried the disease. Para.7

“King Cholera” was 7.defeated. Ⅱ.True(T) or False(F). 1.Cholera would never be controlled even if its cause was found.(F) 2.The disease attacked the body quickly from the stomach and soon the affected person died.(T) 3.John Snow began to collect the information before the disease spread.(F) 4.In two particular streets，over 500 people died in 10 days when another outbreak hit London in 1854.(T) 5.Deaths of the woman and her daughter were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.(T) Ⅲ.Choose the best answer according to the text.

1.What’s the purpose of the text? A.To show us how difficult it was to find a cure for cholera. B.To tell us how Snow found the cause of cholera and the cure for it. C.To show us how difficult it was to carry out experiments at that time.

D.To tell us the way cholera spread and how serious it was. 答案

B 2.John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by

. A.gathering information with the help of a map B.looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C.separating those who suffered cholera from those who didn’t

D.both A and B 答案

D 3.What theory did John Snow believe in about how cholera killed people? A.People breathed in the air containing the virus of cholera. B.People drank the beer polluted by the dirty water. C.People absorbed the virus into their bodies with their meals. D.John Snow didn’t believe anything. 答案

C 4.What was to blame for the cause of cholera according to the investigation of John Snow? A.Polluted water. B.Polluted air. C.Poor medical condition. D.Not drinking too much beer. 答案

A 5.Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text?

A.Because cholera caused many deaths. B.Because it got its name from Queen Victoria. C.Because cholera was the most deadly disease of its day. D.Because it was defeated with the help of the king. 答案

C Ⅳ.Analyse the following difficult sentences in the text.

1.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. 句式分析：该句为复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词theories；how引导宾语从句。

自主翻译：他(斯诺)对霍乱致人死亡的两种推测都很感兴趣。

2.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 句式分析：该句为主从复合句。when 引导时间状语从句，句中“exposed to cholera”为过去分词短语作后置定语。

自主翻译：但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通老百姓时，他就感到很振奋。

3.A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 句式分析：该句为主从复合句。句中who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“a woman”；that引导结果状语从句，构成“so...that...如此……以至于……”结构。

自主翻译：有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢水泵里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。

4.To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. 句式分析：该句为主从复合句。逗号前面的不定式短语作目的状语。that引导suggest的宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形。

自主翻译：为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。

1.conclusion n.结论；结束

[语境感悟] (1)(教材P1)Draw a conclusion得出结论

(2)In conclusion，I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today. 最后我想感谢今天所有参加会议的人。

(3)The meeting concluded with

The

International at ten o’clock. 会议于十点钟在《国际歌》中结束。

[归纳拓展] (1)in conclusion 最后，总之

arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论

(2)conclude vt. & vi.结束；推断出

conclude...by/with...以……结束

conclude...from...从……中推断出……

[名师点津]

除in conclusion外，写作时还常常用到下面短语作为全文总结语：

①in short

②in a word

③in brief

④all in all

⑤to sum up

⑥briefly (speaking)

⑦on the whole [即时跟踪]

单句语法填空

①What conclusion(conclude) did you come to? ②When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to conclude it with important points. ③What can we conclude from the conversation? ④I find it difficult to draw a conclusion. 2.defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败

[语境感悟]

(1)(教材P2)JOHN SNOW DEFEATS

“KING CHOLERA”

约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”

(2)The news that he has been defeated in the election is not true. 他落选的消息不真实。

(3)The coach tried to analyse the cause of our defeat. 教练努力分析我们失败的原因。

[易混辨析]

defeat/beat/win

(1)defeat和beat属一组同义词，它们的宾语常为sb.，team，school等参赛者或单位，表示“击败某人或某个参赛单位”。

(2)win宾语常为game，match，battle，prize等词，表示“赢得比赛、战争、奖品等”。

[即时跟踪] (1)用defeat，beat或win的适当形式填空

①Yesterday，I defeated/beat John at chess.He won only one set，while I won two sets. (2)一句多译

②这一次我们的足球队战胜了他们的足球队。

Our football team defeated theirs this time.(defeat) ＝Our football team beat theirs this time.(beat) 3.attend vt.照顾，护理；出席，参加；专心于……，注意

[语境感悟]

(1)(教材P2)John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert，indeed，that he attended

Queen Victoria as her personal physician. 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。

(2)All children between the ages of 6－16 must attend school.所有6～16岁的孩子必须上学。

(3)She attended (on/upon) that injured policeman day and night.她日夜照顾那位负伤的警察。

[归纳拓展] attend a meeting/a lecture/school/church 参加会议/听报告/上学/做礼拜

attend (on/upon) sb.照顾/护理某人

attend to sb./sth.处理；对付；照料；关怀；关心于……

[即时跟踪] (1)写出下列句中attend的含义

①The patients are well attended in the hospital.照顾；护理

②You know，my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting.出席；参加

③Attend to your study and stop talking.专心于

(2)单句语法填空

④To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend(attend) the opening ceremony. ⑤If you don’t attend to your work，you’ll not succeed. 4.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光

[语境感悟] (1)(教材P2)But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。

(2)Keep indoors and don’t expose your skin to the sun. 留在屋里，不要让皮肤暴露在太阳下。

(3)They consider it almost a crime to expose children to violence and sex on TV. 他们认为让儿童接触暴力和色情电视节目几乎是一种犯罪行为。

[归纳拓展]

expose...to...暴露……给……；使……接触……

expose oneself to...使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……

be exposed to遭受到；(使)接触到

[图解助记]

漫画趣解expose

[名师点津]

及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式。

Being exposed to strong sunlight will do harm to the plant. 暴露在强光下会对这种植物有害。

[即时跟踪]

单句语法填空/句型转换

①He exposed himself(he) to great danger. ②Take care not to keep your children exposed(expose) to the bad books and magazines. ③Don’t expose the film to light. ④If you expose yourself to sun for too much time，you will get sunburnt. →If you are exposed to sun for too much time，you will get sunburnt.(被动语态) →Exposed to sun for too much time，you will get sunburnt.(非谓语动词作状语) →Being exposed to sun for too much time will make you get sunburnt.(非谓语动词作主语) 5.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心

[语境感悟] (1)(教材P2)The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。

(2)The beautiful scenery absorbed the attention of the passers－by. 美景吸引了路人的注意。

(3)He was absorbed in writing a letter and didn’t even look up when I came in. 他在聚精会神地写信，当我进来时他甚至都没有抬头。

[归纳拓展] (1)absorb...into...把……吸入……

absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意

absorb oneself in...全神贯注于……

(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的

(be) absorbed in...全神贯注于……

[图解助记]

两图全解absorb

[名师点津]

be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...，类似的结构还有：

①be lost in...陷入……；专心致志于……

②be caught in...被困在……

③be buried in...埋头于……

④be devoted to...致力于……；专心于……

[即时跟踪]

句型转换

①When we came in，the old man absorbed himself in reading a book. →When we came in，the old man was absorbed in reading a book.(absorbed adj.) ②Because he was absorbed in his work，he simply forgot food and sleep. →Absorbed in his work，he simply forgot food and sleep.(过去分词短语作状语) 6.suspect vt.认为；怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯

[语境感悟]

(1)(教材P2)John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. 斯诺认为第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证据。

(2)The police suspected him of having taken the money.警察怀疑钱是他偷的。

(3)I suspect him to be a pickpocket. 我猜想他是个扒手。

[归纳拓展] suspect that...怀疑……；认为……

suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做)某事

suspect sb.to be...认为某人是……

[即时跟踪]

单句语法填空

①Nobody wants to make friends with the boy suspected of having stolen the money. ②The police suspected that the witness had given false evidence. ③From the look on his face，I suspect him to be(be) ill. 7.blame vt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备

[语境感悟]

(1)(教材P2)It seemed that the water was to blame. 看来水是罪魁祸首。

(2)You shouldn’t blame John for the failure. ＝You shouldn’t blame the failure on John. 你们不应该把这次失败怪在约翰头上。

(3)He laid/put the blame for his failure in the exam on his teacher. 他把自己考试未通过归咎于他的老师。

[归纳拓展] blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人

blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人

be to blame (for sth.)对(某事)负有责任，应受责备

put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人

take the blame for sth.对某事承担责任

[即时跟踪]

单句语法填空/完成句子

①I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame(blame)for Miller’s accident. ②She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage. ③The director would blame the failure on his bad performance. ④Police laid/put the blame for the accident on the careless driver. 警察把事故的责任归咎于粗心的司机。

⑤If that happens，the coach will take the blame for it. 如果发生那样的事，教练将对此负责。

8.announce vt.宣布；通告

[语境感悟]

(1)(教材P3)With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. 有了这个特别的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。

(2)They announced their engagement to the family.

他们向家里宣布他们已经订婚了。

(3)It is announced that she is going to Japan next week. 据悉下个星期她要去日本。

[归纳拓展] (1)announce sth.to sb.向某人宣告某事

announce that...宣布……

It is announced that...据宣布……

(2)announcement n.通知；公告；宣告

make an announcement下通知；宣布

[易混辨析]

announce/declare

(1)announce多指提前宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事，其后不能跟双宾语，即不能说announce sb.sth.，可以说announce sth.to sb.或announce to sb.sth.。

(2)declare一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，后可跟复合宾语，还有“断言，宣称”之意。

[即时跟踪]

单句语法填空/句型转换

①It was announced that only when the terrible disease was under control would the residents decide to return to their homes. ②The prime minister is making an important announcement (announce) at the moment. ③He announced his intention of leaving here to us. ④The government announced that they would pay their debt. →The government made an announcement that they would pay their debt.(改为含有同位语从句的主从复合句) ⑤One day with a basket of vegetables，he made an announcement to us that he was going to cook a dish. →One day with a basket of vegetables，he announced to us that he was going to cook a dish.(改为含有宾语从句的主从复合句)

9.instruct vt.命令；指示；教导

[语境感悟]

(1)(教材P3)The water companies were instructed

not to expose people to polluted water any more. 自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。

(2)He instructs a class in history. 他教授一个班的历史。

(3)I have been instructed when to start. 我已得到何时出发的通知。

[归纳拓展] (1)instruct sb.to do sth.命令/指示某人做某事

instruct sb.in (doing) sth.给某人讲授某方面的知识；指导某人(做)某事

instruct (sb.) wh－

to do sth.教(某人)……做某事

(2)instruction n.教授；指导；指示；(pl.)用法说明(书)，操作指南

under instruction在指导下

(3)instructive adj.说明性的；指示性的；有教育意义的

[名师点津]

instruction作“指导；讲授；教育”讲时，为不可数名词，其后常与介词in搭配；复数instructions表示“操作指南；用法说明”，其后常与介词on，for或about连用。

[即时跟踪]

单句语法填空/句型转换

①I gave them instruction(instruct) to finish it before dark. ②Under his instruction I have made great progress in English. ③I’ve been instructed to wait(wait) here until the teacher arrives. ④It is the most instructive(instruct) lecture that I have attended since I came to this school. ⑤The students need a teacher to instruct them to paint. →The students need a teacher to instruct them in painting.

1.put forward提出；推荐；将……提前；把(钟表等)向前拨

[语境感悟] (1)(教材P1)Who put forward a theory about black holes?

是谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？

(2)Don’t put off till tomorrow what can be done today. 今日事今日毕。

(3)The firefighters spent 3 hours putting out the big fire. 消防员用了3个小时扑灭了大火。

[归纳拓展] put up with容忍，忍受

put off

推迟；推脱，搪塞

put away存放；存储；把……收起来

put out 熄灭；生产；公布；打扰

put up举起；张贴；建造；为……提供住宿

[图解助记]

[即时跟踪] (1)写出下列句中put forward的含义

①They’ve put the date of their wedding forward by one week.将……提前

②She put forward a good suggestion at the meeting.提出

③You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.把(钟表等)往前拨

④Can I put you forward as our club secretary？推荐

(2)用适当的介、副词填空

⑤My mother opened the drawer to put away the knives and spoons. ⑥I can put up with the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean. ⑦A notice was put up in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. ⑧After the questions being put forward one by one，our actions go further and further，until we get a good command of it at last. 2.link...to/with...将……与……联系或连接起来

[语境感悟] (1)(教材P3)In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that

were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从另外两个在宽街爆发的与霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。

(2)The new tunnel links Britain to France. 新的隧道把英法两国连接起来。

(3)A new freeway will be built to link up our city with Wuhan. 一条连接我市与武汉的高速公路即将修建。

[归纳拓展] link...to/with...将……与……联系或连接起来

link up (with)(与……)连接；结合

be linked to/with与……有联系

[即时跟踪]

句型转换

What skills can you offer that are relevant to this job? →What skills can you offer that are linked to/with this job?

1.neither...nor...

[语境感悟] (1)(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。

(2)It is neither too hot nor too cold in winter here. 这里冬天既不太热也不太冷。

(3)He neither knows nor cares what happened. 他对所发生的事不闻不问。

[归纳拓展] (1)neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”，用来连接两个并列成分；如果连接两个主语，谓语动词采取就近一致原则。

(2)使用就近原则的还有：either...or...或者……或者……；not only...but also...不仅……而且……；...or...……或者……；not...but...不是……而是……

[即时跟踪]

单句语法填空

①Neither my parents nor my sister likes(like) swimming. ②Not only he but also I am(be) going to China. ③Either you or one of your students is(be)to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 2.名词短语引导时间状语从句

[语境感悟] (1)(教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次霍乱爆发时，就有成千上万的惊恐的老百姓病死。

(2)Be sure to call on us next time you come. 你下次来时一定来看我们。

(3)The moment he got out of the airport，the pop star was surrounded by his fans. 这位著名的歌星一出飞机场，就被歌迷围住了。

[归纳拓展] 教材原句中every time是名词短语，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……时”。除此之外，某些表达时间的名词词组也可直接充当连词，即“名词连词化现象”。常见的有：

(1)不定代词＋time如：any time，each time... (2)序数词＋time

如：the first/last time... (3)the＋瞬间名词

如：the minute/moment/instant... (4)the＋时间名词

如：the day/night/month/ time... [即时跟踪]

完成句子

①The first time you take part in a race，it is very normal to feel tense. 第一次参加比赛时，你感到紧张是很正常的。

②I recognized Mike the moment/minute/instant I saw him. 我一看见迈克就认出了他。

3.suggest引导的宾语从句

[语境感悟] (1)(教材P2)The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. 第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。

(2)(教材P3)To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. 为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。

[归纳拓展] 句(1)中的suggest意为“暗示，表明”，其后所接的宾语从句不使用虚拟语气，要用陈述语气。

句(2)中的suggest意为“建议，提议”，其后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可省略。

[名师点津] (1)suggest后不接双宾语，可表达为suggest sth.to sb.或suggest to sb.that...。

(2)suggest后接动词时，要用动词的－ing形式，不接不定式。

(3)suggestion表示“建议”时，其后的表语从句、同位语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

[即时跟踪]

单句语法填空

①My mom suggests that we (should)

eat(eat) out for a change this weekend. ②Her pale face suggests that she is(be) ill. ③My suggestion is that he (should)

tell(tell) his parents about it. ④My friend suggested getting(get) a job in a bank. ⑤It was a magazine article that suggested the idea to me. ⑥We suggest to her that we should go on a picnic the following Sunday.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.I am to blame(blame) for his lateness. 2.An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been put forward，thus leading to a heated discussion among the scientists. 3.Before drawing a conclusion(conclude)，you should do lots of researches. 4.He came to my class every week，but his attitude suggested he was (be) not really interested in the subject. 5.Is it announced when the race will begin? 6.They had defeated(defeat)their enemies before they could get help. 7.With the teacher instructing(instruct)them，the students have made great progress in English. 8.One of the challenges(challenge)he has accepted is to swim across the river.

Ⅱ.选词填空

tcure sb.of，put forward，blame...for，draw a conclusion，be exposed to，link...to/with，attend

to，be absorbed in，put forward 1.Don’t keep your skin exposed to the sunlight directly. 2.He was to blame for the accident.So he was blamed for it. 3.Being absorbed in her new novels，the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study. 4.We must help to cure him of stealing.

5.Don’t worry.I’ll attend to the matter. 6.In the meeting，we put forward some advice on how to improve our work. 7.From what they had said，we drew a conclusion that we should close the window and lock the door in time. 8.Fingerprints linked the suspect to/with the case. Ⅲ.完成句子

1.All of them suggested that the work (should)be started at once. 他们都建议立刻开始工作。

2.At the beginning，learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted to give

up without even trying. 起初，学英语看上去那么难以至于我甚至还没尝试就想放弃。

3.Neither he nor I have free time. 他没有闲功夫，我也没有闲功夫。

4.Whenever/No matter when (he is)

absorbed in reading books，he doesn’t like being disturbed. 无论何时他全神贯注地看书，都不喜欢被打扰。

5.She sped home the moment she was told that her husband fell ill suddenly. 刚一听说丈夫突然病倒，她便马上奔回家去了。

Ⅰ.语境填词

A)根据汉语或首字母提示，写出所缺单词

1.He concluded(得出结论)，from the evidence，that she had stolen the money.

2.It was a sound strategy to defeat(打败) the enemy. 3.They had a quiet wedding.Only a few friends attended it. 4.That unfortunate remark exposed(暴露) his ignorance of the subject. 5.I was impressed by her way of handling the affair. B)在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式

6.They planned to organize a scientific(science) expedition. 7.Heart disease can be linked to smoking. 8.When deeply absorbed(absorb) in work，as he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. 9.You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately. 10.Neither he nor his parents are(be)going to travel this holiday for they are all busy. Ⅱ.课文语法填空

John Snow，a well－known doctor in London，became 1.inspired(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who 2.were exposed(expose) to cholera，a 3.deadly(dead) disease of his day.Many thousands of people died every time there was 4.an outbreak because no one knew the cause of it.John wanted to help solve the problem. He got interested 5.in two theories 6.explaining (explain) how cholera killed people.He believed in the second theory that suggested that people 7.absorbed(absorb) the disease with their meals.In 1854，8.when another outbreak hit London，he was ready 9.to test(test) the two theories.With the help

of the map he made，he got a 10.valuable(value) clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was to blame. Ⅲ.阅读理解

John Nash，a Nobel Prize winner and a mathematical genius whose struggle with mental illness was documented in the (Oscar－winning) film A

Beautiful

Mind，was killed in a car accident on May 24th，2015.Born in West Virginia，Nash displayed a keenness for mathematics early in life，independently proving Femret’s little theorem(定理) before graduating from high

school.By the time he turned 30 in 1958，he was an unquestionable academic celebrity.At Princeton，Nash published a 27－page thesis that led to applications to economics，international politics，and evolutionary biology. His signature solution—known as a “Nash Equilibrium(纳什均衡)”—found that competition among two opponents，not necessarily governed by zero－sum logic.Two opponents can，for instance，each achieve their maximum objectives through cooperating with the other，or gain nothing at all by refusing to cooperate.It is now regarded as one of the most important social science ideas in the 20th century. In the late 1950s，Nash began a slide into mental illness.By the time Nash was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1994，he hadn’t published a paper in 36 years.But like a child cured of a nightmare by the switch of a light，Nash recovered from his illness seemingly by choosing not to be sick anymore.He continued to work，travel，and speak at conferences for the rest of his life. In 2001，the release of the film A

Beautiful

Mind，based on Sylvia Nasar’s 1998 book of the same name，introduced Nash’s unusual life story to an international audience. 1.John Nash passed away because of

. A.a mental illness

C.a traffic accident

答案

C 解析

细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“John Nash，a Nobel Prize winner...，was killed in a car accident on May 24th，2015.”可知选C。

2.According to “Nash Equilibrium”，what will happen if two opponents refuse to cooperate? A.They will get nothing at all. B.They will get what they really want. C.They will lose the support from each other. D.They will achieve their maximum objectives. 答案

A 解析

细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句“Two opponents can，for instance，each achieve their maximum objectives through cooperating with the other，or gain nothing at all by refusing to cooperate.”可知选A。

3.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

B.overwork D.starvation

A.John Nash’s Sudden Death B.John Nash’s Extraordinary Life C.John Nash’s Equilibrium D.John Nash’s Mental Illness 答案

B 解析

标题归纳题。文章介绍了有关约翰·纳什的“纳什均衡”理论、精神分裂病症和遭遇车祸而死亡等内容，这些都是约翰·纳什非凡的人生经历，故选B。

Ⅳ.完形填空

Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843，and moved to Montreal，Canada at the age of five with her family.While

1

her ill elder sister throughout the years，Charlotte discovered she had a(n)

2

in medicine.At 18 she married and

3

a family.Several years later，Charlotte said she wanted to be a

4 .Her husband supported her decision.

5 ，Canadian medical schools did not

6

women students at the time.Therefore，Charlotte went to the United States to study

7

at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia.It took her five years to

8

her medical degree. Upon graduation，Charlotte

9

to Montreal and set up a private

10 .Three years later，she moved to Winnipeg，Manitoba，and there she was once again a

11

doctor.Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps.Charlotte

12

herself operating on damaged limbs and setting

13

bones，in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. But Charlotte had been practising without a licence.She had

14

a doctor’s licence in both Montreal and Winnipeg，but was

15 .The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons，an all－male board，wanted her to

16

her studies at a Canadian medical college！Charlotte refused to

17

her patients to spend time studying what she already knew.So in 1887，she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to

18

a licence to her but they，too，refused.Charlotte

19

to practise without a licence until 1912.She died four years later at the age of 73. In 1993，77 years after her

20 ，a medical licence was issued to Charlotte.This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor“this courageous and pioneering woman.”

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇记叙文，记述了Charlotte Whitehead，一位伟大的女医生，在没有医生执照的情况下，在加拿大从医的经历故事。

1.A.raising

C.nursing

答案

C 解析

根据句意“在她几年来照顾(护理)她生病的大姐姐期间”，“照顾，护理”，故选C项。

2.A.habit

C.opinion

答案

B 解析

根据下文可知她想成为一名医生，故对“医学”感兴趣，故选B项。

3.A.invented

C.offered

答案

D 解析

根据句意“她结婚了，开始了一个家庭生活”，故选D项，符合语境。

4.A.doctor

C.lawyer

答案

A 解析

根据下文，她想成为一个医生，故选A项。

5.A.Besides

C.Otherwise

答案

B 解析

根据下文，她没有医生执照，当时加拿大医学院不接收女生，故选B项“遗憾地”符合语境。

6.A.hire

C.trust

答案

D 解析

“接纳，吸收”女学生，符合上下文语境。

7.A.history

C.medicine

B.teaching

D.missing

B.interest D.voice

B.selected

D.started

B.musician

D.physicist

B.Unfortunately

D.Eventually B.entertain

D.accept

B.physics

D.law

答案

C 解析

根据上下文语境，Charlotte去美国学习医学，故选C项。

8.A.improve

C.design

答案

D 解析

句意：“她用了五年时间获得医学学位”，其他三个选项不符合语境。

9.A.returned

C.spread

答案

A 解析

根据下文可知，Charlotte在美国获医学学位后回到加拿大行医，故选A项。

10.A.school

C.clinic

答案

C 解析

根据上下文语境，她开办自己的“诊所”，故选C项。

11.A.busy

C.greedy 答案

A 解析

Charlotte不但接生孩子，还要“接骨”，还有其他病人，因此，她很忙。故选A项。

12.A.helped

C.troubled

答案

B 解析

根据上下文语境，她忙于给人看病，接生孩子，还要给跛脚的人、骨折的人做手术，find oneself为固定短语，“使某人处于某种状态”符合语境，故选B项。

13.A.harmful

C.broken

答案

C 解析

broken“骨折的”，过去分词作定语，符合语境。

14.A.put away

C.turned in

答案

D

B.save

D.earn

B.escaped

D.wandered

B.museum D.lab

B.wealthy D.lucky

B.found

D.imagined

B.tired

D.weak

B.taken over D.applied for

解析

根据下文，Charlotte“申请”医生执照，但被拒绝了。故选D项。

15.A.punished

C.blamed

答案

B 解析

根据上下文，申请但被拒绝，终生没得到“执照”；故选B项。

16.A.display

C.preview

答案

D 解析

根据句意The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons学院想让她在医学院“完成”学业。故选D项，“complete”。

17.A.leave

C.test

答案

A 解析

根据语境，她不想“离开”她的病人，也不想再学她已经知道的东西，故选A项。

18.A.sell

C.issue

答案

C 解析

根据下文语境，In 1993，...a medical licence was issued to Charlotte，issue“发行，颁发”，符合语境。

19.A.continued

C.pretended

答案

A 解析

根据上下文语境，她虽然没有执照，但是她仍继续行医，故选A项。

20.A.birth

C.wedding

答案

B 解析

根据语境，她死后77年才颁发给她“执照”。故选B项。

B.refused D.fired

B.change

D.complete

B.charge

D.cure

B.donate

D.show

B.promised

D.dreamed

B.death

D.graduation