Learning about Language获奖说课稿

Section_Ⅱ

Learning_about_Language

Ⅰ.高频单词点击

1．sacred adj. 宗教的，庄严的，神圣的

2．deed n．行为，功绩

3．conception n．主意；计划→concept n．观念，概念

4．tact n．机敏；乖巧；老练；技巧→tactful adj.乖巧的，得体的

5．regret vt.& vi.后悔；感到抱歉→repentance n．后悔

6．wisdom n．智慧→wise adj.英明的；聪颖的

7．virtue n．美德

8．noble adj.高尚的；贵族的

n．贵族

9．doom vt.注定；判决

n．厄运；毁灭

Ⅱ.常用句型必备

However_severe_the_journey_is，as_long_as I am with nature，I don't care. Ⅲ.单元语法聚焦

The Subject(主语)

[单词点击]

1．conception n．主意，计划，构思，设想，意图

the conception of sb./sth.对……的构思、设想

I have no conception of what you mean. 我完全不懂你的意思。

conception，concept

(1)conception抽象名词，不可数名词，有时作可数名词时与concept意思相近，但它所表示的概念、看法是某个人或某个团体中的人所认为正确的东西，带有想象和感情色彩。

Science has overturned many old conception of life.

科学已经推翻了关于生命的许多陈旧观念。

(2)concept n．[C]指从一个个实例中概括出来的一种“概念”或为人们广泛接受的事物推测。

A small baby has no concept of right and wrong. 婴儿没有是非观念。

[即境活用1]

He________how difficult life is if you are unemployed. A．has no conception

C．has no conception on

B．has no conception for D．has no conception of 解析：选D

have no conception of “对……不懂”。句意：他对你失业后生活多么困难完全不知道。

2．regret n．遗憾，悔恨，抱歉，歉意

vt.为……感到遗憾，后悔

He told me with regret that he could not come to the party.他很抱歉地对我说他不能来参加这个聚会了。

I didn't regret the choice I had made. 我做了这个选择并不后悔。

having done sth.(1)regret

doing sth.

后悔做了某事

regret to say/tell/inform ...that ...

regret that ...

(2)with great/deep regret

to one's regret

遗憾地说(告知)……

遗憾……

很遗憾

让某人感到遗憾的是

Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. (北京高考单项填空) 杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。

We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful. 我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。

Much to our regret, we will not be able to visit you next year. 让我们深感遗憾的是，我们明年不能去拜访你了。

[即境活用2]

—Robert is indeed a wise man. —Oh，yes.How often I have regretted________his advice! A．to take

B．taking

C．not to take

D．not taking 解析：选D

本题考查非谓语动词形式。根据对话语境可知，第二个说话人未接受Robert的建议而感到后悔，故选D项。regret(not)doing sth.表示“后悔(没)做了某事”。

3．doom n．[U]死亡，毁灭，厄运，劫数

v．使……在劫难逃，注定……失败

The marriage was doomed from the start. 这桩婚姻从一开始就注定要破裂。

doom sb./sth.to...

注定……(失败) The plan is doomed to failure because it isn't practical. 这个计划注定要失败，因为它太不切实际了。

[即境活用3]

Those who do not learn from history________repeat it. A．doom

C．doom to

B．are doomed to D．are doomed 解析：选B

句意：不从历史中吸取教训的人注定会重蹈覆辙。doom sb. to do sth.“某人注定要……”。

[句型归纳]

However_severe the journey is，as_long_as I am with nature，I don't care.

只要能接触大自然，我不在乎旅途多么劳累。

这是一个复合句。however引导了一个让步状语从句；as long as引导了一个条件状语从句，表示“只要”。

However sly a fox may be，it is no match for a good hunter. 狐狸再狡猾也敌不过好猎手。

You can go out as long as you promise to be back before 8. 如果你保证八点以前回来，你可以出去。

[即境活用4]

—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? —I don't mind where we go________there's sun，sea and beach. A．as if

C．now than

B．as long as D．in order that 解析：选B

句意：“暑假有什么打算？”“去什么地方都行，只要有阳光、大海和沙滩就可以了。”as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。

主

语

英语的句子成分一般分为九种，即：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、补语(主补和宾补)、状语、同位语和插入语。本单元我们来讨论主语。

主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体，说明句子描述的是谁或什么情况。可作主语的通常有：名词(词组)、代词、数词、动词的-ing形式、动词不定式和从句。

1．名词

Our school is not far from my house. 我们学校离我家不远。

The government should lay emphasis on education. 政府应该重视教育。

提示：有时作主语的是名词性或名词化的词、词组或短语。

“The” is an article.the是个冠词。

The wounded should be sent to hospital at once. 受伤人员应立即送往医院。

The

Selected

Poems

of

Li

Bai was published 10 years ago.《李白诗选》是十年前出版的。

2．代词

We should be more concerned about the elderly and disabled.我们要多关心老人和残疾人。

Those who do not listen attentively will make mistakes. 不注意听讲的人会犯错误。

Everything is easier if you enjoy doing it. 只要你喜欢万事都不难做。

3．数词

Two plus two is four.二加二等于四。

4．动词的-ing形式

Failing to plan is planning to fail. 疏于计划就是在计划失败。

Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

下列结构中一般用动词的-ing形式作主语：

It is/was no use/good＋doing sth.It is/was not any use/good＋doing sth.It is/was of little use/good＋doing sth.It is/was useless＋doing sth.

It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。

5．动词不定式

To travel hopefully is a better thing to arrive. 怀着希望去旅行比抵达目的地更愉快。

To rebuild the house will cost a lot of money. 重建这所房子要花很多钱。

提示：不定式作主语时，可用it作形式主语，而把它放在谓语后面。

It will cost a lot of money to rebuild this house. 重建这所房子要花很多钱。

【辨析】

动名词作主语表示泛指性的行为，而不定式往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。

Playing with fire is dangerous.(泛指) 玩火很危险。

To refuse him is not easy this time.(具体的动作) 这次很难拒绝他。

6．从句

从句可以在复合句中作主句的主语。

What is done cannot be undone.做过的事不能再还原。

How they will solve the problem remains to be seen. 他们怎样解决这个问题，还有待观察。

That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us.(that不可省略)我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会，这对我们来说是个好消息。

Whether he will come or not doesn't matter.(whether不可换成if)他是否来无所谓。

提示：①主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此，可以用引导词“it”来作形式主语，而把它移到句子的后面。

It is good news to us that we are invited to the concert this evening. ②what引导的主语从句一般放在句首。

What he said is quite right. ③whether引导的主语从句在句首，不能用if替换。

Whether he will come is doubtful.

1．(天津高考)I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A．what

C．which

B．that D．who 解析：选A

考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，think后是一个复合宾语从句，该从句中含有主语从句和定语从句，主语从句中缺少主语，因此排除B项；这里没有范围，可排除C项；由句意可知，这里不指人，因此排除D项。

2．(陕西高考)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A．Why

C．That

B．When D．What

解析：选B

考查名词性从句。句意：那班被延误的航班将什么时间起飞很大程度上取决于天气。根据句子的结构来判断，________ the delayed flight will take off是主语从句，再根据句子的意思来判断，此处表示“什么时间”。故答案为B。

3．(天津高考) ________ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A．Anything

C．Everything

B．Nothing D．Something 解析：选B

此题考查代词。由so...as可知，此句为否定句。故选B项。

4．(重庆高考)To improve the quality of our products，we asked for suggestions ________ had used the products. A．whoever

C．whichever

B．who D．which 解析：选A

考查连词。whoever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，相当于anyone who。

5．(陕西高考)The cost of renting a house in central Xi' an is higher than ________ in any other area of the city. A．that

C．it

B．this D．one 解析：选A

此题考查代词。that指前文中的the cost。句意：在西安市中心租赁房屋的价格远远高于西安市其他地方的价格。

6．(浙江高考) ________ that's important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. A．One

C．Everything

B．All D．Anything 解析：选B

考查代词。空格中所要选的代词在整个句子中作主语，后面的that's important作了主语的定语，all that相当于what，所以选B项。

7．(江西高考)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ________ like swimming as a means of keeping fit. A．something

C．nothing

B．anything D．everything 解析：选C

考查不定代词。根据题干语境可知，此处为否定句式表达最高级意思。故用nothing。There is nothing like...没有什么更能……了。

8．(湖南高考)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some

teenagers. A．is

C．has

B．are D．have 解析：选C

考查语态和主谓一致。该句是一个含有主谓宾的主动句。其中的主语和宾语均为动名词短语。当动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故选C项。

9．(陕西高考)It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. A．which

C．that

B．what D．if 解析：选C

此题考查主语从句。句意：我真想不到你竟然说服了他，使他改变了主意。It occurred to sb. that...为常用句型，表示“某人想到……”，其中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。

10．(浙江高考)It is uncertain ________ side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it. A．that

C．how

B．what D．whether 解析：选B

考查名词性从句。此处是由what引导的主语从句，指代it的具体内容，it是形式主语，所以这里选B项。

Ⅰ.单项填空

1．________is a good form of exercise for both old and young. A．The walk

C．To walk

B．Walk D．Walking 解析：选D

句子缺少主语，用walking作主语。

2．________fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one respect. A．What

C．This

B．That D．Which 解析：选B

分析句子结构可知，主语从句不缺少成分，故用that引导。

3．—What made Susan so angry? —________in the rain for a long time. A．Being kept waiting

C．Because of waiting

B．Being kept to wait D．She was kept waiting

解析：选A

选项代替的是句中what的内容，即主语，可排除C项；keep sb. doing“使某人一直做”，排除B项。故用A项。若选D项，she 前应加连词that。

4．________ she was invited to the ball made her very happy. A．Whether

C．Because

B．That D．What 解析：选B

句意：她被邀请参加舞会使她很高兴。________ she was invited to the ball 为主语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，没有任何含义，只起连接词的作用，故选that。

5．I don't think three days________enough for such a trip. A．is

C．should be

B．are D．has been 解析：选A

时间、货币等的计量单位作主语时，被视为整体看待，句子的谓语应用单数形式。

6．The

Arabian

Nights________well known to English lovers. A．have been

C．were

B．are D．is 解析：选D

句子主语是书名，谓语用单数。

7．________ is known to us all is that the 2016 Olympic Games will take place in Rio de Janeiro.

A．It

C．As

B．What

D．Which

解析：选B

句意：众所周知，2016奥运会将在里约热内卢举行。________ is known to us all为主语从句，引导词引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词what。

8．No one in the department but Tom and I________that the director is going to resign. A．knows

C．have known

B．know D．am to know 解析：选A

由句子结构分析，no one作主语，句子用单数。

9．I have finished a large part of the novel written by Dickens, the rest of which ________ very difficult. A．is

C．was

B．are D．were 解析：选A

句意：我看完了那本狄更斯写的小说的大部分，其余的很难。the rest of指的是前面提到的novel，故谓语动词应该是单数。

10．Something as simple as________some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.

A．to drink

C．to be drinking

B．drinking D．drunk 解析：选B

句意：简单到如喝凉水之类的事情可以帮你醒脑并缓解压力。drinking在句中作主语的一部分。

Ⅱ.完形填空

I close my eyes and can still hear her—the little girl with a __1__so strong and powerful we could hear her halfway down the block.She was a(n)__2__peasant who asked for money and __3__gave the only thing she had—her voice.I paused outside a small shop and listened.She brought to my mind the __4__of Little Orphan Annie.I could not understand the words she __5__，but her voice begged for __6__.It stood out from the noises of Arbat Street，pure and impressive，like the chime of a bell.She sang __7__an old-style lamp post in the shadow of a building，her arms extended and __8__thrown back.She was small and of unremarkable looks.Her brown hair __9__the bun(发髻)it had been pulled into，and she occasionally reached up to __10__a stray piece from her face.Her clothing I can't recall.Her voice，on the other hand，is __11__imprinted in my mind. I asked one of the translators about the girl.Elaina told me that she and hundreds of others like her throughout the __12__Soviet Union add to their families，income by working on the streets.The children are unable to __13__school，and their parents work fulltime.These children know that the consequence of an __14__day is no food for the table.Similar situations occurred during the Depression(萧条)in the United States，but those American children were __15__shoeshine boys of the __16__.This girl was real to me. When we walked past her I gave her money.It was not out of pity __17__rather admiration.Her smile of __18__did not interrupt her singing.The girl watched us as we walked down the street.I know this because when I looked back she smiled again.We __19__that smile，and I knew I could never forget her courage and __20__strength. 1．A.will

C．voice

B．strength D．determination 解析：选C

由第3空所在句子破折号后的her voice可知答案。

2．A.American

C．Japanese

B．Chinese D．Russian 解析：选D

由12空后的Soviet Union可知答案。

3．A.in return

C．by hand

B．in turn D．in silence 解析：选A

用仅有的歌声来回报。in return“作为报答”；in turn“轮流”；by hand“手工的”；in silence“沉默地”。

4．A.voice

C．story

B．image D．looks 解析：选B

她让“我”想起小孤儿安妮(美国漫画人物)的“形象”。

5．A.said

C．used

B．murmured D．sang 解析：选D

由第3空：她用歌声作为回报或第7空前的she sang可知答案。

6．A.attention

C．help

B．love D．mercy 解析：选A

从前文who asked for money可知她唱歌的目的是为了吸引行人的“注意”，让别人给她钱。

7．A.across

C．under

B．from D．from underneath 解析：选D

句意：她站在大楼下面的一盏老式路灯下。此处用双介词使含义更加丰富。

8．A.hands

C．head

B．feet D．face 解析：选C

句意：唱歌时伸着双臂仰着头。

9．A.fell out

C．did up

B．escaped D．tied to 解析：选B

句意：棕色的头发从发髻上散落下来。fall out“(头发)脱落”为不及物动词短语；do up“盘发”；tie to“扎”；escape此处指“某物从某处滑落”。

10．A.remove

C．cut off

B．tear D．dress 解析：选A

句意：她不时抬手撩开散落在脸上的发丝。remove“移开；移动”；tear“撕掉”；cut off“修剪，剪掉”；dress“装饰”。

11．A.never

C．occasionally

B．permanently D．sometimes 解析：选B

句意：我记不起她穿的是什么衣服，可她的声音却永远刻在了我的脑海里。

12．A.latter

C．former

B．rich D．great 解析：选C

former soviet Union“前苏联”。

13．A.attend

C．leave

解析：选A

attend school“上学”。

14．A.unhappy

B．unsatisfied B．finish D．enjoy

C．unusual

D．unsuccessful 解析：选D

句意：如果一天的乞讨没有收获，就意味着没有饭吃。

15．A.faced

C．faceless

B．real D．visible 解析：选C

句意：但在我心目中，20年代美国的那些穷困孩子只是一些模糊的擦鞋男童的形象。faceless“无特性的；不知来历的”，符合语境。

16．A.twenties

C．forties

B．thirties D．teens 解析：选A

根据常识可知，美国上个世纪20年代发生了经济危机。此处不表年纪，而是指年代。

17．A.and

C．but

B．while D．or 解析：选C

不是出于怜悯，而是因为钦佩。not...but...“不是……而是……”。

18．A.contempt

C．bitterness

B．pity D．thanks 解析：选D

句意：她表示谢意的微笑并没有影响她唱歌。smile of contempt“轻蔑的笑”；smile of pity“怜悯的笑”；smile of bitterness“苦笑”。故选D。

19．A.stopped

C．won

B．shared D．exchanged 解析：选B

share that smile“一起笑；共享微笑”；win that smile“赢得笑声”；exchange smiles“相互一笑”。

20．A.full

C．brave

B．inner D．fighting 解析：选B

由courage可知，inner“内在的”，与文意相符。inner strength“内心的力量”。