Learning about Language优质课教案

必修二 Unit1 Culture relics learning about language

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别

●形式不同

限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句与其先行词之间一般有逗号隔开。

She heard a terrible noise coming from the ancient tower, which brought her heart into her mouth. I will never forget the days which we spent together visiting the Summer Palace. ●意义不同

限制性定语从句与其先行词的关系十分密切,如果去掉从句,剩余的部分意思往往不完整,甚至失去意义;非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附加说明,若去掉,句子剩余部分意思仍然完整。

We will never forget the happy days when we rebuilt the wooden tower. His sister, who works in an antique shop, is coming to see him tomorrow. ●翻译不同

翻译限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译从句,后翻译先行词;翻译非限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译先行词,后翻译从句。

I have a son who is now studying in the USA. 我有一个在美国学习的儿子。(可能还有儿子在别处) I have a son, who is now studying archaeology in the university. 我有一个儿子,他现在在大学学习考古学。(含“我只有一个儿子”之意) She is going to spend the holiday in Macao, where she will visit some places of interest. 她要去澳门度假,在那里她将游览几处名胜。

●先行词不同

限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词;非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是单个的名词或代词,也可以是整个句子。

Mike sold the old house which came down from his father.迈克卖掉了从他父亲手里传下来的老房子。(先行词是 house)

Mike sold the old house, which made his father very angry.迈克把老房子卖了,这使他的父亲很生气。(先行词为逗号前的整个句子,即卖房子这件事) ●引导词不同

能引导限制性定语从句的引导词一般都能引导非限制性定语从句。但请注意:that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。

【误】They look very happy, that means that they have won the match. 【正】They look very happy, which means that they have won the match.他们看上去很高兴,这意味着他们赢得了比赛。

●省略不同

引导限制性定语从句的引导词,在从句中作宾语时,在口语中常可以省略;引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省略。

Having a black hat on, Chaplin carried a stick, which he used to swing in the air. The stick (which / that) Chaplin used to swing in the air is now kept in the museum.

把下列句子连成定语从句

(1)Mr. Wang comes from Shandong University. He will give us a talk on how to learn English. →Mr.Wang,

, comes from Shandong University. (2)Mary got the first prize in the competition and it made her parents very happy.→

Mary got the first prize in the competition,

. (3)The other day I bought an ancient vase in the flee market. Its price was very reasonable.→

The other day I bought an ancient vase in the flee market,

. (4)Greenland is the largest island in the world. It covers over two million square kilometres.→

Greenland,

, is the largest island in the world.

(5)Paper money was in use in China in the 13th century. Marco Polo visited the country at that time.→ Paper money was in use in China in the 13th century

. 用适当的关系词填空

1.—Is that the small town you often refer to?

—Right, just the one

you know I used to work for years. 2.I shall never forget those years

I lived on the farm

you visited last week. 3.They talked for about an hour of things and persons

they remembered in the school. 4.The day will come

the people all over the world will win liberation. 5.In China, the number of cities is increasing

development is recognized across the world. 6.The newly built café, the walls of

are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. 7.As a child, Jack studied in a village school,

is named after his grandfather.