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The Attributive Clause（定语从句）

一、定义：

定语：放名词、代词前，对其进行修饰限制的成分。

定语从句：在复合句中，既能修饰名词代词，又能修饰整个句子的从句。

先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。

关系词：引导定语从句的连词。

关系代词；6

who/whom/that/which/as/whose

关系副词：3

when/where/why 关系词的作用：①代词（代替先行词）③在定从中作成分。

②连词（

连接主从句）

二．定语从句的种类。

限制性定语从句：用于修饰和限定先行词，与先行词之间的关系非常密切，它所修饰的词代表一个或一类特定的人或东西，如果删去，则剩下的部分，意思会含混不清。

非限制性定语从句：在意义上它是先行词一个附加修饰语，对先行词只起进一步说明的作用，有时对于主句做进一步说明，如果删掉它，不影响整个句子的基本意思。

Eg. She is the girl

who can speak English very well. 1) The old lady who lives next to us sells books. 2) You should do all that I said. 3) I have found the teacher whom I am looking for . 4 ) I visited the factory where my father works. 三．如何确定定语从句的引导词

1、

定语从句缺什么成分

1). 主、宾、定---关系代词

2). 状

---关系副词

2、

先行词是指什么

①关系代词

人

物

主

who/that which/that 宾

whom/who/that which/that 定

whose/of whom whose/of which ②关系副词

先行词是时间==when地点==where原因==why 练习

1).I’ll never forget the days

____________ we worked together. 2).I’ll never forget the days

___________ we spent together. 3).I went to the place

I worked ten years ago. 4).I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago 5).This is the reason _____________________ he was late. 6).This is the reason _____________________ he gave. 四．关系词的使用

用that不用which的情况：

1).先行词是不定代词或先行词受不定代词修饰时

Eg：We haven‘t got much that we can offer you．

You should hand in all that you have．

2).先行词是adj最高级或先行词受adj最高级修饰时

Eg：English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years．

3).先行词是序数词或先行词受序数词修饰时

Eg：He is the last person that I want to see．

4).先行词既有人又有物时

Eg：Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about？

5).主句是以who/which引导的特殊疑问句时

Eg：Which is the book that you want to borrow？

Eg：Who is the man that you spoke to just now？

6).先行词受到the only/the very/the last修饰时

Eg：He is the only one that got full marks in our class．________ 7).先行词是主句的表语或关系代词在定语从句中做表语时

Eg：China is no longer the country that it used to be．

练习

1).

The thief handed everything _______he had stolen to the

police. 2). He stayed in the library and looked up any information ______they needed. 3). The Great Wall is the longest wall _______ has ever existed in the world. 4). He talked about the teachers and the school _______ he could never forget. 5).The only language _______ seems easy to learn is the mother tongue. 6).Which is the T-shirt _______ fits me most?

五．“介词+关系词”结构

1．介词如何选-----看定从中，vi和哪个prep搭配，才能和先行词构成一种动宾关系在固定短语中介词不能提前。

1).The man whom you spoke to was a scientist. 2).The city which she lives in is far away

先行词是物==介词+which

先行词是人==介词+whom 练习

1). Do you like the book

she spent $10?

2). Do you like the book

she paid $10? 3). Do you like the book

she learned a lot?

4). Do you like the book

she often talks?

5). He built a telescope

he could study the skies. 判断

7) .Is this the watch for which you are looking

8).The old man after whom I am looking is better . 六．定语从句的注意事项。

1．What不能用于定语从句。

2．that不能用于非限制性定语从句。

3．“介词+关系词”结构，关系词只能是which/whom/whose。

4．One of+n复+关系代词+V复

The/the only/the very+ One of+n复+关系代词+V单

练习

（一）判断并改错

1)The girl which she met on the bus is very nice.

2). Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth. 3). Do you know the name of the man whom the police are looking for him? 4). This is the watch I am looking for. 5).I will never forget the day I joined the party. 6). The school in that he once studied is very famous. (二).运用定语从句改写下文

Our class is a big family ; It consists of 28 girls and 7 boys. Most of them graduated from No.13 Middle School. SunDan is a kind-hearted girl. She is always ready to help others. She is a good girl and we all like her. Our class is a big family _______ consists of 28 girls and 7 boys, most of _____graduated from No13 Middle School. SunDan is a kind-hearted girl,______is always ready to help others. She is a good girl ______ we all like her. Homework Write a passage about your family using attributive clauses as many as possible.