Learning about Languageppt课件配套教案内容

V-ing 做主语和宾语的用法

一. V-ing 做主语的用法

V-ing 做主语表示经常性、习惯性的或抽象的动作，

谓语常用单数。如：

Seeing is believing.

Working with you is a pleasure.

— What do you think made Mary so upset？

—

__________ her new bicycle．

A. As she lost

B. Lost

C. Losing

D. Because of losing

【注1】不定式也可做主语，但往往表示具体的特别是将来或未发生的动作;

V-ing表示一般性、抽象动作。如：

He realized that exercising every day was good for health.

He realized that to do exercise like this was wrong.

【注2】V-ing做主语和to do 做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语，构成句型。

在该句型中，若Adj \ N 为

useless; no use; of no use\ good，no fun,

a waste of time，no pleasure 等词时

常用V-ing 作主语

It is no use arguing with him.

常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：

It is a waste of time doing

做…是浪费时间的

It is

no good / use doing

做…是没用处的

It is useless doing sth.

It is no fun doing sth. 做某事不好玩

It is no pleasure doing sth 做某事毫无乐趣

It is (hardly )worth doing 做…不值得

It is worthwhile doing\to do sth.

做…是值得的

【注3】V-ing 作主语时可以有其逻辑主语

逻辑主语形式为：a.名词所有格b.形容词性物主代词

二.

V-ing 作宾语的用法

1．有些动词或动词短语后常用动名词作宾语, 构成习惯搭配。

admit doing sth

appreciate doing sth

avoid doing sth

enjoy doing sth

consider doing sth，

delay doing sth

escape

doing sth

2．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语, 构成习惯搭配。

finish doing sth

imagine doing sth

practise doing sth

mind doing sth

miss doing sth

suggest

doing sth

risk doing sth

can't stand（不能忍受）doing sth

3. 有些接和意思不同

go on doing

go on to do

try doing

try to do

remember doing

remember to do forget doing

forget to do

2）在介词后，做介词宾语

【语法规则】介词后的动词要用-ing 形式

insist on, keep (on), look forward to,, pay attention to, put off, stick to, 等等。

It is good for your health to stick to doing morning exercises.

坚持做早操对你的健康有好处。

【注2】V-ing作宾语也可以有其逻辑主语:名词所有格

/名词/形容词性物主代词/代词宾格

•

动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：

•

need doing = need to be done

•

want doing = want to be done

•

require doing=require to be done

•

The window needs

cleaning /to be cleaned