Learning about Language教学实录

主语从句

Step1 What part does the underlined part serve as in each sentence?

1. You are a student.

2. Smoking is bad for you.

3. To find your way can be a problem.

4. “How do you do?” is a greeting. 5 .What she said is not yet known.

6. That we shall be late is certain. 7. It is certain that we shall be late.

A sentence serving as subject is called Subject Clause. 充当主语的句子叫主语从句

How the book will sell depends on its author.

That he is the best student in the class is obvious. Try to draw a conclusion. •

How you got me blind is still a mystery.

•

That she won the game made her very happy.

•

What he said is not true.

•

What they need is a dictionary.

结论

主语从句多位于_____________ Step2找出主语从句

•

Who will go makes no difference. •

Which is the best is not certain. •

Why dinosaurs died out is still unknown. •

When we will get together has not been decided. •

How she can keep healthy is a secret. •

Whether he will come is not very important. Step3选择合适的连接词

1. _____ you don’t like him is none of my business.

2. _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present 3. ________ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. 4. ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

5. ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

6. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 7. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.

8. The Foreign Minister said, “__ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”

9. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.

10) _________ the meeting will be held next week hasn’t been decided yet. 11) _________ the plan will be carried out is still unknown. 12) _________ the building of the car factory will be started hasn’t been decided yet. 13) _________ team will win the match is still unknown.

14) _________ we need is more time. 15) _________ we can arrive at the airport before 8 o’clock is still a question. Step4 引导主语从句的关联词有三类：

1) 从属连词that。如: That they were true sisters was clear from the facial resemblance

between them. 很明显, 她们确是亲姐妹, 她们的脸型很相似。

2) 从属连词whether。如：

Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。

3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, 连接副词

where, when, how, why。

What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。

How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的, 谁也不清楚。

Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。

Step5主语从句三要素

从句用陈述语序

谓语动词一般用单数

不能省略关联词

1.that 引导的主语从句

That you don’t like him is none of my business.

•

That price will go up is certain. •

That they are badly in need of help is quite clear. NOTE: that 不可省，无意义，起连接作用；从句结构完整。常用it做形式主语，而把that引导的句子置于句尾。

用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：

It + be + 形容词

＋

that从句

It is necessary that…

有必要…

It is important that ….

重要的是…

It is obvious that……

很明显……

It + be + -ed分词

＋

that从句

It is believed that…

人们相信…

It is known to us/all that ….

众所周知…

It has been decided that……

已经决定……

It + be + 名词

＋

that从句

It is common knowledge that…

…是常识

It is a surprise that ….

令人惊奇的是…

It is a fact that……

事实是……

It is a pity that ……

遗憾的是……

It + 不及物动词

＋

that从句

It appears that…

似乎…

It happens that ….

碰巧…

It occurred to me that……

我突然想起……

2.Whether 引导的主语从句

•

Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided. •

Whether we will have the exam hasn’t been decided yet. Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 3.Wh-引导的主语从句

•

What he said just now was about the terrorists attack in Boston. •

When the meeting will be held isn’t clear to us. •

Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. •

连接代词和连接副词引导主语从句时，在从句中做主语、宾语、定语、表语、和状语。这类从句放在句中时需要用it做形式主语。

•

E.g ：

It is really none of your business where I spend my summer holiday. 4.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别

what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当

句子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that 则不然。

1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation.

Whatever

and

whoever

Whatever=anything that

Whoever=anyone who 不管是谁犯了法, 他都应该受到惩罚。

Whoever breaks the law should be

punished.=Anyone who breaks the law

should be punished. 5.主语从句的注意问题

•

1一个句子作主语时，主句的谓语动词应为单数。

•

Eg Whether he will come depends on the weather. •

2 what 引导的句子作主语时，谓语动词的数由句子的内容决定（即由表语决定)。

•

What I want is money.

What we need are good books •

What he said is reasonable.

What we will do hasn’t been decided. •

3. where he was born and where he lives now are not clear. •

Where and when he was born remains a secret. •

两个或两个以上的主从联合做主语，主句谓语动词应为复数。

•

两个或两个以上的连词引导一个从句，主句谓语动词应为单数。

•

4 whether he will come isn’t clear.(不能换成if) •

It isn't clear whether /if he will come . (可以与if进行替换) 2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导. NOTES:

用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that...句型中, 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 谓语动词用\“should + 动词原形\”的形式, should有时有感情色彩。

It be suggested/ advised/ ordered/requested that sb (should) do sth…

I. 完成句子练习：

1.___________________(我们想知道的) is the time for the meeting. 2.______________________(火车什么时间来) is not known.

3.__________________(他们为什么来晚了) is clear.

Step6 homework Complete the exercise on page56.