Learning about Language教学设计第一课时

Unit3 Computers 昆明滇池中学 曹波

Period 1 Learning about Language I.

Teaching Objectives: 1. Get students to know the structure of the present perfect passive voice. 2. Let students learn the usages of the present perfect passive voice. 3. Get students to become interested in grammar learning and use it freely and correctly in many situations.

II.

Key Competence: 1.

Enable students to acquire the ability of learning new information efficiently. 2. Arouse students’ great interest in learning English grammar by reading, discussing, inferring and analyzing. 3. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning, and individual thinking.

III. Teaching Focus and Difficulty:

1. Develop students’ grammar ability.

2. Enable students to learn about and use the present perfect passive voice correctly. IV. Teaching Process: 1. Review：

1. They clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by them every day. 2.They cleaned the classroom yesterday. The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday 3. They will clean the classroom tomorrow. The classroom will be cleaned by them tomorrow. 4. They must clean the classroom after class. The classroom must be cleaned by them after class. 2.Summary: 被动语态的构成：be + done（过去分词）

一般现在时：am/ is /are + done 一般过去时：

was/ were + done 一般将来时：will/ shall/ be going to /be to + be done 含有情态动词：can/ may/ must/ should/ have to + be done 3.Task 1. observing & searching 1. Look at the following sentence, paying attention to the underlined part.

Over the time I have been changed a lot.

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2.Pick out more than two sentences in the present

perfect passive voice from the reading passage.（page18）

Task 2. Analyzing L16. First as PC and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. L21.Over time my memeory have developed so much

that , like an elephant, I never forgot anything I have been told. L26. Since the 1970s many new applications have been

found for me. L28. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help withd medical operations. L30. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and the Mars.

构成：1. 现在完成时被动语态肯定句

主语+has/ have been +动词的过去分词

Her motorbike has been stolen.

她的摩托车被盗了。

All the offices have been linked by computer.

所有的售票处由计算机联网工作。

2.They haven’t been told about it yet.

否定式：_____________________+及物动词的过去分词

3.—Have his books been sold out?

—Yes. So you can’t buy one now.

一般疑问句形式：

______________________+及物动词的过去分词

How many experiments have been done by the students this month? 特殊疑问句形式：

疑问词

+ have / has + been +及物动词的过去分词

现在完成时被动语态的用法: 1.表示过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在，常与之连用的时间状语有：for +一段时间，since +时间状语（从句），these days, so far, up to now, in the last / past few years等。

e.g

Up to now, half of the boos have been

read by the students. 2. 表示某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, ever, never, recently等连用。

e.g.I have already been introduced to

Mr. Smith.

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一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在没有关系。一般过去时常与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, 等

e.g.The machine has been repaired．机器已经修好了。

(说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，修好了。)

The machine was repaired yesterday．

机器昨天修了。(只说明动作发生在昨天。) 注意：1.现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即 have ／has和been，两者缺一不可。

He has thought of a way of solving the problem. =A way of solving the problem has been thought of. 2. 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。

3.非延续性动词（如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等）的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定形式不能与表示一段时间的状语for three years, how long等连用，而要改换成持续性动词或改变时态。

This bike has been bought by my brother for almost four years.

（错）

How long has this book been bought?

（错）

How long ago was this book bought?

（对）

4. break out/ happen/ take place/occur/ arrive/ belong to/become/ die/ disappear/cost/last etc 不及物动词无被动语态。

5.带双宾语的动词

give /send/bring/ take/teach/show/ tell/ make/ sing/ write/ sell/buy/ ask/ pay/ borrow/ lend/ hand/ offer/provide/ past/get/promise 变被动语态有两种方法：

I have given him the book. =He has been given the book./ The book has been given to him. 6.有些动词如see , hear , watch , notice, listen to , let , make等，要求不带不定式符号to 的不定式做宾语补足语，但变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号to ,原来的宾语变成主语，原来的宾语

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补足语就变成了主语补足语。

We saw him get on a bus. He was seen to get on a bus. 7.begin, write , read , sell , wash, keep ,wear open close等动词后加well, easily, long 等副词或介词短语时，用主动语态表被动意思。由实意动词演变而来的系动词，如taste , feel, look, sound, smell, appear等，后接形容词作表语，不能用于被动语态。

8. need ,want ,require三个词的主语是后面跟的动词的承受者时，动名词用主动形式，不定式用被动形式，表示被动意思。

句型为：sb/sth needs/wants/requires doing/to be done. Class begins at eight.

The shop closes early on Fridays. These books sell well. The food tastes delicious. Task 3. changing （P21）

Example: We have made a plan.

A plan has been made

(by us). 1. My friend has bought a new personal computer. 2. The shop has repaired my computer very quickly. 3.

An unknown virus has just attacked my computer. 4.

We have not solved the problem yet. 5.

The company has given its computers away to a local school. 6.

The scientists have developed a kind of intelligent robot. Answer: 1. A new personal computer has been bought by my friend. 2. My computer has been repaired very quickly by the shop. 3. My computer has just been attacked by an unknown virus. 4. The problem

has not been solved yet. 5. The computers have been given away to a local school.

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6. A kind of intelligent robot has been developed. 改错：

1. Your pronunciation should be paid attention.

2. She was heard sing an English song in the classroom. 3. The job had better been finished ahead of time. 4. Great changes have been taken place in our country. 5. This kind of cloth is washed well. 6. The patient needs being taken care of. 7. A maths problem was discussed when I entered the classroom. 8. People should be stopped cutting more trees. 9. The soup is tasted wonderful. 1.attention 后加to

2.heard后加to

3.been改为be

4.去掉been

5. is washed改为washes

6. being taken改为taking或把being改为to be 7. was后加being

8. stop后加from

9. is tasted 改为tastes

Task 4. Application: The present perfect passive voice is often used in formal situations such as articles , poems and speeches. Notice to parents(page57) Dear parents, we hope you will welcome this news. Almost 100 computers

(give) to us by a local computer company since the end of last year. A decision

(make) that we will begin a computer teaching experiment in our school. So every teacher

(provide) with a laptop since the beginning of this term. since then, most of our courses

(teach) using computer. A lot of information

(take) from the internet to help us with our teaching. Besides, a new computer room

(set up) in our school. We started this experiment together with the City Information Technology Centre, which

(complete) recently. We hope you will help us with this exciting new development in our school. No 7 Middle School

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12/08/20___ Reading a poem(page21) Look at the way your face has been washed

Look at the way your Hair has been combed

Look at the way your shoes have been cleaned

You’d better do them again

Look at the way your flowers have been planted

Look at the way your the grass has been cut

Look at the way your paths have been swept

I hope that you’ll come here again

things that have been done bad__________________ things that have done well_____________________ Sharing time Creating a poem(by group) Look at the way ________________________

Look at the way _______________________

Look at the way _______________________

_____________________________________

Look at the way ________________________

Look at the way ________________________

Look at the way ________________________

______________________________________

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