Learning about Language设计意图

Section_Ⅳ

Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language

[原文呈现]

[读文清障]

THE STORY OF ATALANTA

Atalanta

②①①Atalanta/ˌætə'læntə/n.阿塔兰忒(希腊神话人was a Greek 物) ②princess/prIn'ses/n.公主

③be (not) allowed to do sth.(不)被允许做某事

④glory/'ɡlɔːrI/n.光荣；荣誉

win glory for为……赢得荣誉

⑤would在此处表示意愿。would not不肯；不princess. She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece. But she was not allowed torun and win glory

for herself in the Olympic Games. She was so angry that she said to her father that ③④she would not marry anyone who 愿意

⑤句中so ...that引导结果状语从句；第二个thatcould not run faster than her. Her father said that she must marry, so 引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句。

Atalanta made a bargain with him. She said to him, “These are my 货

rules. When a man says he wants to ⑦⑥⑥bargain/'bɑːɡIn/vi.讨价还价；讲条件n.便宜make a bargain with sb.和某人谈好条件；与某人marry me, I will run against him. If 达成协议

he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed. No one will be pardoned.”

Many kings and princes wanted to marry Atalanta, but when they heard of her rules they knew it was hopeless. So many of them sadly went home, but others stayed to run the race. There was a man called

Hippomenes who was amazed when he heard of Atalanta's rules⑬，

⑫⑪⑩⑨⑧⑦run against 与……赛跑

⑧pardon vt.原谅；赦免

⑨prince/prIns/n.王子

⑩hear of/about听说；得知

⑪hopeless/'həʊplIs/adj.没有希望的；绝望的

(反)hopeful adj.有希望的；充满希望的

⑫run the race参加赛跑，此处run为及物动词。

⑬Hippomenes/hI'pɒməˌniːz/n.希波墨涅斯

called Hippomenes是a man的后置定语；who

“Why are these men so foolish⑭引导定语从句，when引导时间状语从句。

⑭foolish/'fuːlIʃ/adj.愚蠢的；傻的

It's foolish of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是愚蠢？”

he thought. “Why will they let themselves be killed because they cannot run as fast as this 的。

princess？” However, when he saw ⑮change one's mind 改变主意

Atalanta come out of her house to make up one's mind下定决心

run, Hippomenes changed his mind⑮.“I will marry Atalanta —

or die！” he said.

阿塔兰忒的故事

[第1～2段译文]

阿塔兰忒是一位希腊公主。她长得很美，跑得比希腊的任何男人都快，但是她不被允许在奥运会上参加比赛为自己赢得荣誉。她非常生气，就跟她的父亲说，她不会嫁给任何一个跑不过她的男人。她的父亲说她必须结婚，于是阿塔兰忒就和他达成了一个协议。她对父亲说：“我有我的条件。如果有人说想娶我，我就跟他赛跑。如果他跑得不如我快，他就要被杀掉，任何人不得求饶。”

许多国王和王子想要娶阿塔兰忒，但是当听到她规定的条件时，他们知道那是没有希望的，因此他们中许多人就闷闷不乐地回家了，但是也有一些人留下来赛跑。有位叫希波墨涅斯的人听到阿塔兰忒的条件，大为吃惊。他想：“为什么这些男人那么愚蠢呢？为什么他们跑不过这个公主就让别人把自己杀掉呢？”但是，当希波墨涅斯看到阿塔兰忒从屋子里出来跑步时，他改变了主意。他说：“我要娶阿塔兰忒，否则就去死！”

The race started and although the men ran very fast⑯，

Atalanta ran faster. As Hippomenes watched⑰

he thought, “How can I run as fast as Atalanta？” He went to ask the Greek

Goddess⑱

of Love for help. She promised to⑲

help him and gave him three golden apples. She said, “Throw an apple in front of⑳

Atalanta when she is ⑯although引导让步状语从句。

⑰as引导时间状语从句。

⑱goddess/'ɡɒdIs/n.女神

Goddess of Love爱情女神

Goddess of Freedom自由女神

⑲promise to do sth.许诺做某事

⑳in front of在……的前面(整个物体或人前) in the front of在……的前部(某个空间内部的21

pick it running past. When she stops to○前面)

22，

you will be able to run past her and up○21stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事(to do为○win.”

Hippomenes took the apples and 目的状语)；stop doing sth.停止做某事(doing作went to the King. He said, “I want to marry stop的宾语)。

Atalanta.” The King was sad to see another 23，

but Hippomenes said, “I man die○22pick up拾起；捡起

○23see sb.do sth.看见某人做了某事

○24

marry her — or die！” So the race will○24will在此处表意愿，○意为“愿；要；会；定要”。

began.

[第3段译文]

比赛开始了，虽然那些男人跑得很快，可是阿塔兰忒跑得更快。希波墨涅斯边看边想：“我怎样才能跑得像阿塔兰忒一样快呢？”他去向希腊爱情女神求助。女神答应帮助他，并且给了他三个金苹果。她说：“当阿塔兰忒跑过你的时候，你就把一个苹果扔在她前面。当她停下来去捡苹果时，你就能超过她并获胜。”希波墨涅斯拿着苹果去见国王。他说：“我要娶阿塔兰忒。”国王很忧伤，因为又要看到一个人去送死了，但是希波墨涅斯说：“我要娶她，要不，我就去死！”于是比赛开始了。

Step 1

Put the following sentences in the correct order according to the text.

a．Atalanta was angry. b．When they heard the rules, some kings and princes went home. c．Atalanta was not allowed to run in the Olympic Games. d．Atalanta would marry a man who could run faster than her. e．Hippomenes asked for help from the Greek Goddess of Love. 答案：c→a→d→b→e Step 2

Choose the best answers according to the text.

1．Why was Atalanta angry? A．Because no man could run faster than her. B．Because she wasn't allowed to run in the Olympic Games. C．Because her father forced her to marry a man who couldn't run faster than her. D．Because men in her country thought little of her. 2．What would happen if a man couldn't run faster than Atalanta? A．He would be fined. B．He would become a slave.

C．He would be killed. D．He would be put in prison. 3．What did Hippomenes think of the men who ran against Atalanta at first? A．Wise.

C．Foolish. 4．Who helped Hippomenes? A．The Greek Goddess of Love. B．The king. C．Atalanta. D．The prince. 答案：1～4

BCCA

记得准·写得对

Ⅰ.基础词汇

1.charge vt.& vi.

收费；控诉

n.

费用；主管

2.poster n.

海报；招贴

3.bargain vi.

讨价还价；讲条件

n.

便宜货

4.deserve vi.&vt.

应受；值得

5.fine vt.

罚款

6.hopeless adj.

没有希望的；绝望的

Ⅱ.拓展词汇

1.physical adj.物理的；身体的→physics n．物理学

记得快·记得多

1.painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的

[联想]

后缀-ful形容词集合

①hope→hopeful adj.

有希望的

②use→useful adj.

有用的

③help→helpful adj.

有帮助的

④care→careful adj.

细心的

⑤doubt→doubtful adj.

怀疑的

2.hopeless adj.

没有希望的；绝望的

[联想]

后缀-less可接在名词之后构成形容词，表示否定含义，常见的有：

①breathless

气喘吁吁的

②careless

粗心的

B．Brave.

D．Shy. 2.advertise v．做广告；登广告→advertisement ③painless

无痛的

n．广告

3.glory n．光荣；荣誉→glorious adj.光荣的

4.foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的→fool n．傻子

v．愚④endless

无止境的

⑤harmless

无害的

⑥useless

无用的

弄；欺骗

5.pain n．疼痛；痛苦→painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的→painless adj.不痛的；无痛的

3.对比记忆法：

①hopeless→hopeful

②tall→short ③foolish→clever

④careless→careful ⑤physical→mental

⑥fast→slow 二、这样记短语

记牢固定短语

1.in_charge

主管；看管

2．one_after_another

陆续地；一个接一个地

3．make_a_bargain_with

与……达成协议

4．change_one's_mind

改变主意

5．pick_up

捡起；拾起

6．apart_from

除了……以外

7．hand_in_hand

手牵手；手拉手

8．hear_of

听说

三、这样记句式

先背熟

1.She was so

angry that

she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.

她非常生气，就跟她的父亲说，她不会嫁给任何一个跑不过她的男人。

再悟通

so＋adj.＋that ...“如He studied so_hard_that he

won the first place in the exam. 他那么努力学习以至于在考试中获得了第一名。

后仿用

多积常用词块

1.run the race

参加赛跑

2．be allowed to do sth.

被允许做某事

3．win the race

赢得比赛

4．marry sb.

嫁给某人

5．be active

in

在……方面表现积极

6．be confident in doing sth.

有信心做某事

7．ask sb.for help

向某人求助

8．make mistakes

犯错误

此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。

Cross 2.I will marry Atalanta —

or die！

我要娶阿塔兰忒，否则就去死！

or“否则；要不然”；相当于if _car. not。

the road very carefully, or_you_might_be_knocked_down_by_the过马路要非常小心，不然你可能会被车撞倒

3.This is important because the the＋比较more

you speak English, the 级

...the＋比较better your English will become.

级

...表示The_harder you study, the_greater progress you'll make. 这是很重要的，因为你说英语越多，你

你学习越努力，你取得的进步就越大。

“越……就越……”。

的英语就会越好。

1．(教材P12)duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong 如果出现问题，有负责和介入麻烦事的责任

charge n．费用；主管；看管；责任

v．收费；控诉；要价；指控

(1)charge (sb.) for sth.

charge sb. with sth.

(2)(sb.) in charge (of ...)

take charge of ...

为……(向某人)收费/要价

指控某人某事

(由某人)主管/看管/负

责(……) 负责/看管……

(sth.) in/under the charge of sb.＝in one's charge

free of charge

在某人的掌管之下

免费

①They charged the buyer too much for the house ever belonging to their parents. 他们向买方就曾经属于父母的房子要价很高。

②The police charged the thief with stealing the jewels. 警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。

③The company was badly organized until she took__charge_of it.

直到她掌管，这家公司一直管理很差。

④The company is in_the_charge_of Tom when the boss is away. ＝Tom is in_charge_of the company when the boss is away. 当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。

2．(教材P13)Now you are asked to make a poster to advertise a sporting event. 现在你被要求制作一张海报为一项体育赛事做广告。

advertise v．为……做广告；登广告

(1)advertise for

advertise for sb. to do sth.

(2)advertisement n.

put an advertisement in a newspaper

在报纸上发布广告

登广告征求……

登广告招聘/雇用某人做某事

广告

①If you want to attract more customers, try advertising in the local paper.

如果你要吸引更多顾客，就试试在当地报纸上登广告。

②The nursing home is advertising for a volunteer to_help (help) look after the patients. 这家疗养院正在登广告招聘一名志愿者帮助照顾病人。

③If you are in search of your missing pet, you'd better put an advertisement (advertise) in the newspaper. 如果你在寻找丢失的宠物，你最好在报纸上登个广告。

3．(教材P14)Her father said that she must marry, so Atalanta made a bargain with him. 她的父亲说她必须结婚，于是阿塔兰忒就和他达成了一个协议。

bargain n．便宜货；协议；交易

vi.讨价还价；讲条件

(1)make a bargain with sb.

a real bargain

a good/bad bargain

It's/That's a bargain.

(2)bargain with sb. about/over/for sth.

和某人就某物讨价还价

和某人达成协议

便宜(货) 买得(不)合算

真划算。/我同意了。/成交了。

①The lady walked around the shops, keeping

an eye out for bargains.

这位女士在各家商店逛来逛去，时刻注意着廉价商品。

②We made_a_bargain_with each other about responsibility. 我们就责任方面彼此达成了协议。

③The coat is

a good bargain

at such a low price. 这件外套售价这么低，实在是便宜。

④The tourists were bargaining_with the salesgirl about the price. 游客们正在和女售货员讲价钱。

4．(教材P14)When she stops to pick it up, you will be able to run past her and win. 当她停下来去捡苹果时，你就能超过她并获胜。

pick up捡起；拾起；(偶然、意外地)获得；学会；(用车)接；搭载；(精神、健康等的)好转；康复；改善；接收(信号等) 写出下列句中pick up的含义

①He has picked up slowly since he came out of hospital. 好转；康复

②He picked up the book on the floor and went away.捡起；拾起

③With my new radio I can pick up stations all over Europe. 接收

④She soon picked up French when she went to live in France. 学会

⑤Don't worry. I'll pick you up at the bus station. 开车接某人

5．(教材P14)She made as many men as she could share her pain.

她尽可能多地让更多的男人分担她的痛苦。

pain n．痛苦；疼痛

have a ...pain in the

spare no pains to do sth.

take pains to do sth.

＋身体部位

不遗余力做某事

煞费苦心做某事

①As the old saying goes, “No pains, no gains”．

常言道，“不劳无获”。

②She has a sharp pain in the chest.

她胸口剧痛。

③We will spare no pains (pain) to support you.

我们将全力以赴支持你们。

6．(教材P15)Do you think Hippomenes

deserved

to win the race? 你认为希波墨涅斯应该赢得这场比赛吗？

deserve vi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得

deserve to do

deserve to be done/deserve doing

deserve consideration/attention/praise

值得考虑/注意/表扬

应该/值得被……

应该/应受……

①You deserve a rest after all that hard work. 辛苦了那么久，你该休息一下了。

②Since he had broken the rule, he deserved punishing/to_be_punished (punish)．

因为他违背了规定，他应受惩罚。

③He has worked very hard and deserves to_pass (pass) the exam.

他学习很努力，应该能通过考试。

[名师点津]

类似deserve后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义的动词还有：need, want, require等。

1．She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.

她非常生气，就跟她的父亲说，她不会嫁给任何一个跑不过她的男人。

so ...that ...“如此……以至于……”，其常见句型结构有：

(1)so＋adj./adv.＋that ... (2)so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that .../such a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that ... (3)so few/many＋名词复数＋that ... (4)so little(少)/much＋不可数名词＋that ... ①The earthquake was so serious that it did great harm to Japan. 这次地震非常严重，给日本造成了巨大损害。

②Kate is so stubborn a girl that we all hate her. ＝Kate is such_a_stubborn__girl_that we all hate her. 凯特是一个这么固执的女孩，以至于我们都讨厌她。

③He made so_many_mistakes_that he failed the exam once again. 他出了那么多错，考试又没及格。

2．This is important because the more

you speak English,

the better

your English will become. 这是很重要的，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。

the more ..., the better ...属于“the＋比较级；the＋比较级”的结构，其意义为“越……；就越……”。前一个“the＋比较级”是条件状语从句，后一个是主句。主句用一般将来时，前面的从句用一般现在时表示将来。

①The more you practise, the better

you can understand.

你练习得越多，理解得就越透。

②The more

I read the book, the more

I liked it.

这本书我越看越喜欢。

③The_higher you stand, the_farther you will see. 你站得越高就看得越远。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. 2．This advice is of some value, I think. It deserves considering/to_be_considered (consider)．

3．The more you study maths, the easier (easy) you will feel. 4．He advertised in the newspaper for a secretary. 5．Most of the students are making rapid progress but Jeremy seems hopeless (hope)．

6．He has taken great pains (pain) to improve his image.

Ⅱ.补全句子

1．It_was_so_cold_a_day_that I didn't like to leave my room. 天气这么冷，我不想离开我的房间。

2．The_more_careful you are, the_fewer_mistakes you will make.

你越细心，你犯的错误就会越少。

3．The teacher asked who_was_in_charge_of/took_charge_of_the_cleaning_job in the class. 老师问谁负责班里的清洁工作。

4．Since they tried hard to train day and night, they deserved_to_win_the_game. 由于他们日夜努力训练，他们应该赢得这场比赛。

5．He made_a_bargain_with_his_partner to help each other. 他和同伴约定互相帮助。

一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高[本课语言点针对练习]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．It's foolish (愚蠢) of him to debate the question with his boss. 2．My sister bought this T-shirt at such a low price. She was really good at bargaining (讨价还价)．

3．The man paid a fifty-dollar fine (罚款) for putting up advertisements in public. 4．The woman deserved (应受) the punishment because she broke the rule in order to win glory (荣誉) for herself. 5．The old man gets a physical (身体的) examination on a regular basis. 6．The hotel charged (收费) me D|S100 for the night. 7．He is hopeless (没有希望的) about his chances of winning the contest. 8．Mary took great pains (辛劳) with her English lessons and got high marks. 9．I shall advertise (登广告) the loss of my laptop in the newspaper, with a reward for the finder. 10．Nowadays, there're many posters (海报) in the campus. Ⅱ.多维演练

1．charge

(1)补全句子

①You can play football in the stadium free_of_charge (免费)

if you are a member. ②Could you please tell me who_is_in_charge (谁负责) here?

③He was_charged_with (被指控) murder yesterday, which made us all surprised. ④My little son is in_the_charge_of (负责) the baby-sitter while I'm out. ＝The baby-sitter is in_charge_of (负责) my little son while I'm out. ⑤She should charge me 200 yuan for (为……向我要价200元) repairing my computer. (2)句式升级

①三个月前，那个人掌管这家公司。

The man took_charge_of_the_company

three months ago. ②他被指控吸毒。

He was_charged_with taking drugs. ③三个月前掌管这家公司的那个人被指控吸毒。(用who引导的定语从句连接练习①、②两个句子) The_man_who_took_charge_of_the_company_three_months_ago__was_charged_with_taking_drugs. 2．so/such ...that

补全句子

①The book is so_interesting_that all of the students want to read it. 这本书太有趣了，所有的学生都想读。

②He

has_so_much_money_that he can buy whatever he wants. 他有很多钱，以至于他能买他想要的任何东西。

③It was such_good_news_that everyone laughed. 这个消息是如此好以至于每个人都笑了。

④He is such_a_clever_boy_that we all like him.(such) ＝He is so_clever_a_boy_that we all like him.(so) 他是个非常聪明的男孩，大家都非常喜欢他。

[本单元语言点温故练习]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．I must admit (承认) that the results were amazing. 2．His leg was broken and he suffered great pain (痛苦)．

3．These products are of high quality and able to compete (竞争) internationally. 4．The charity is calling for volunteers (志愿者) to make use of their free time to help those poor children. 5．He heard the regular (有规律的) noise of the clock. 6．The father of a family should have more sense of responsibility (责任)．

7．He picked them up and replaced (放回) them in the bag.

8．The students are designing a poster to advertise (做广告；宣传) the basketball game. 9．I noticed a swift (快速的) change of expression in his face. 10．The doctor said the old man's condition was hopeless (无望的)．

Ⅱ.选词填空

stand for，

in charge of，

compete for，

one after another，

pick up，

make a bargain with，

as well，

take part in

1．Athletes take part in the Olympic Games to compete_for the glory for their homeland. 2．The teacher said, “Class is over.” Then the students left the classroom one_after_another. 3．Jim is fond of travelling and cooking as_well. 4．Please raise your hand if you want to take_part_in the games. 5．I won't stand_for his unreasonable (不合理的) demands any longer. 6．My uncle who is highly thought of is in_charge_of the department. 7．I picked_up a few words of Greek when I was in Greece last year. 8．Generally speaking, it's no use making_a_bargain_with saleswomen in big shops.

二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.阅读理解

Two years ago, I set foot in Tanzania for the first time as a volunteer. And now, I'm writing this at my home in the middle of a village in Tanzania. I never thought that a six-week volunteer program could change my life so greatly, but it did! My volunteer task was in Moshi. Of course I was nervous when I got my task, but on my first day, I quickly fell in love with my students. They were some of the sweetest and most hard-working kids I had ever met. Each day, I'd have them write in their journals on a new topic. One of my favorite days was when I asked the kids to write about their own life stories. Some of them shared theirs with everyone, and it was great. They had

all been through so many difficult times, but no one had ever asked them to tell their stories before. To be able to offer these wonderful kids a safe environment to share such personal stories was amazing. And I couldn't have created that environment without what I learned from Cross-Cultural Solutions (CCS)．

I completely fell in love with Tanzania during my time with CCS. I loved it so much that when I left in 2014, I knew that I had to return. So after I left college in 2015, I moved back to Tanzania and have been working at a school for Maasai children for almost one year now. The experience that I had with CCS changed my career goals and my life greatly. I now plan to go into public health so that I can continue to help people around the world for the rest of my life.

语篇解读：作者通过CCS这个机构在Tanzania参与了志愿者活动，她的人生轨迹也因此发生了改变。

1．The writer went to Tanzania for the first time to ________. A．do research with CCS B．completely change her lifestyle C．take part in a volunteer program D．write something about the country 解析：选C

细节理解题。根据第一段的“Two years ago, I set foot in Tanzania for the first time as a volunteer.”可知，作者去那里参加一个志愿者项目。

2．What did the writer think of her students? A．Sweet but lazy. B．Nervous but sweet. C．Sweet and hard-working. D．Hard-working and perfect. 解析：选C

细节理解题。根据第二段的“They were some of the sweetest and most hard-working kids I had ever met.”可知应选C项。

3．What did the writer like doing when she was teaching there? A．Telling stories to her students. B．Writing about her personal stories. C．Helping kids make up interesting stories. D．Asking kids to write their personal stories. 解析：选D

细节理解题。根据第二段的“One of my favorite days was when I asked the kids to write about

their own life stories.”可知，作者喜欢让孩子们写他们自己的故事。

4．The writer most probably found her time in Tanzania with CCS ________. A．wonderful

C．relaxing

B．difficult

D．boring 解析：选A

推理判断题。根据第三段的“I completely fell in love ... had to return.”可知，作者觉得自己通过CCS在Tanzania做志愿者工作的时光很好。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Avoid Internet Addiction

__1__ Many people suffer from addiction to the Internet and have a hard time paying attention to the important things around them. How can we prevent ourselves from going online too much?

Admit you have an addiction. __2__ Realize more and more people in the world are becoming addicted. You are not the only one with this problem. Do not be embarrassed; find others with the same problem and help each other beat it. Limit your computer time. Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week. Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes. Set the clock and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up. __3__ Try using the computer at the library. You won't be as attracted to look at certain websites and they do have a limit on how long you can stay online. __4__. So you won't be as attracted to be on the Internet as at home. __5__ Go for a run with a friend or get exercise some other way. Keep up with the local events in your neighborhood. There may be talks, films, concerts and sports events etc. Find some, as long as it is not on the Internet, and get involved. A．You will be happier if you use the Internet less. B．There is no use avoiding the truth. C．Also, it is a good place to get some good books and magazines to read. D．Get a hobby or an interest. E．Internet addition affects a lot of people. F．Get your family to remind you if you've been on a long time. G．Try to reduce the amount of time by 5 minutes each time. 答案：1～5

EBGCD