Learning about Language公开课教案

定语从句

定语从句是高考考查的重点。从历年的高考试题来看，主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词的选择、关系代词which和that的区别、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法、引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词as和which的区别等方面。对表示地点的先行词考查的模糊化以及定语从句与强调句、名词性从句以及状语从句的区别是近年高考的考查热点。

考点一

定语从句的基本用法

1．限制性和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用；非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用。非限制性定语从句与先行词之间往往由逗号隔开。

He has two sons who work in the same company.他有两个儿子在同一家公司上班。(Perhaps he has more than two sons.) He has two sons，who work in the same company.他有两个儿子，他们在同一家公司上班。(He has only two sons.) 2．关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句

(1)who指人，在定语从句中作主语，有时可作宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)。

My brother who works in the hospital often looks after the patients carefully. 我在医院工作的哥哥经常细心照看病人。

(2)whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)。

That is the man (whom) I met at the school gate yesterday. 他就是我昨天在学校门口碰见的那个人。

My brother，whom you met the other day，has gone abroad. 前几天你遇见过的我的那个兄弟出国了。

(3)whose指人和物，在定语从句中作定语。

She's the student whose handwriting is the best in my class.她就是我的班里书法最好的学生。

I live in a room whose windows face the south. 我住在一个窗户朝南的屋子里。

(4)that指人和物，不引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语、宾语(可省略)和表语。

These are the pictures that I took in China. 这些是我在中国拍的照片。

(5)which一般指物，在非限制性定语从句中可指前面的整个句子，可作主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)和表语。

I want to buy a dictionary，which is valuable to my learning. 我想买本词典，词典对我的学习很有价值。

He was late again，which made the teacher very angry.他又迟到了，这使得老师很生气。

(6)as指人或物，在非限制性定语从句中可指前面的整个句子，一般作主语、宾语和表语。

As is known to us all，China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是个发展中国家。

3．关系副词when，where，why引导的定语从句

(1)when在定语从句中作时间状语。

I still remember the days when we stayed in England.我仍然记得我们在英国的那些日子。

(2)where在定语从句中作地点状语。

This is the place where they used to take a walk after supper. 这就是他们过去在晚饭后经常散步的地方。

(3)why在定语从句中作原因状语。

The reason why he was late is that his mother was ill.他迟到的理由是他母亲病了。