Learning about Languageppt课件课堂实录

Unit 2 Working the land

Teaching plan for Learning about Language (The –ing form as the Subject & Object)

Aims To learn about the –ing form as the Subject & Object To discover and learn to use some useful structures Procedures I. Warming up Warming up by reading the words aloud Review the words in this unit and create a good atmosphere of English learning. II.Lead in the definition of Non-predicate verbs In pairs do the exercises 1, 2 and 3 on pages 11 and 12. You are to finish them in 5 minutes. III. Learning about grammar 1.

Read and identify Read the text about Yuan Longping again, paying attention to the sentences which use the –ing form as the subject and object.

In the sentence “Wishing for things, however, cost nothing.” the –ing form is used as a subject.

It can be also used as an object of the sentence. For example: Yuan Longping likes playing his violin.

2.

Consolidating by doing exercises To consolidate your understanding you will be given 10 minutes to go over exercises 1,2,3,4 and 5 on pages 12 and 13. You may just write the answer on your text book. I mean the student’s book you are working by.

III. Ready used materials for the –ing form as the Subject & Object Verbals -Gerund A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals(Participles, and Infinitives), is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition.

A Gerund Phrase

is a group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier(s) and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the direct object(s), indirect object(s), or complement(s) of the action or state expressed in the gerund, such as:

Points to remember:

1. A gerund is a verbal ending in -ing that is used as a noun. 2. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifier(s), object(s), and/or complement(s). 3. Gerunds and gerund phrases virtually never require punctuation. Gerund as subject:

♣ Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences.

cf. The study abroad program might satisfy your desire for new experiences.

● We usually use the empty subject it with a clause or to-infinitive, but with the v-ing form we prefer the real subject at the beginning

Studying English is sometimes boring. Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries. Playing chess requires great concentration.

Speaking English is always useful when traveling abroad.

● After it is not good/ it is no use /etc., we usually use the v-ing form as the real subject of the sentence.

A It(formal subject) is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure, etc. + doing…

It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters. It is no use your complaining; the company won’t do anything about it.

It's no use saying, ''We are doing our best.'' You have got to succeed in doing what is necessary. B It(formal subject) is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile, etc. + doing…

It is worth driving to the lake to have a look around. It is good playing chess after supper. It is useless speaking. C There is(was) no + doing There is no denying that she is very efficient. There is no telling what he is going to do. There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again. Gerund as direct object: They do not appreciate my singing.

Cf. They do not appreciate my assistance.

Will you admit having broken the window? The watch needs repairing. His suggestion is worth considering. I consider it(formal object) a waste of time arguing about it. Gerund as object of preposition: The police arrested him for speeding.

Cf. The police arrested him for criminal activity.

He put off making a decision till he had more information. Do you feel like taking a walk? We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties. •

喜欢

想象

（去）冒险

•

enjoy/appreciate, fancy/imagine,

risk

•

介意

禁止

否定

•

mind,

forbid,

deny,

•

无法忍受

考虑

（去）逃亡

•

can't stand,

consider,

escape

•

承认

拖迟

（去）完成

•

admit,

delay/postpone,

finish

•

建议

允许

（能）原谅

•

suggest/advise,

allow/permit,

excuse/pardon

•

避免

错过

继续

练

avoid,

miss,

keep,

practice

Read the sentences below. Select an appropriate word from the verb list. Convert it to a gerund. No gerund is used twice.

(Verb List: analyze, enroll, indicate, make, read, replace, sack, stay, study, walk, work) 1. Many people enjoyed _______along the new footpaths.

2. The students discussed ________together to complete the assignment. 3. The judge delayed _______a decision because new evidence had been presented _______ that an adjournment was in the best interests of justice. 4. The new manager advocated _______twenty per cent of the staff as a matter of principle.

5. Because Geraldine enjoyed ________history she decided _______in a PhD was a good thing to do.

6. Not all students enjoy _________literature, some just prefer ________for pleasure. 7. She hated _______up so late. 8. The mechanic discussed _______the filters when the car would be due for its next service.

Keys:

walking; working; making; indicating; sacking; studying; enrolling; analyzing; reading; staying; replacing

IV. Closing down by doing a quiz 动名词练习

1）

Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A）having been fined

B）

to have been fined

C）

to be fined

D）

being fined 2）I really appreciate ____ to help me，

but I am sure that I can manage by myself. A）

you to offer

B）

that you offer

C）

your offering

D）

that you are offering 3）

The thief took away the woman’s wallet without____。

A）

being seen

B）

seeing

C）

him seeing

D）

seeing him 4）

No one can avoid ____ by advertisements。

A）

to be influenced

B）

being influenced

C）

influencing

D）having influenced 5）

They are considering ____ before the prices go up。

A）

of buying the house

B）

with buying the house

C）

buying the house

D）

to buy the house 6）

If I had remembered ____ the door, the things would not have been stolen。

A）

to lock

B）

locking

C）

to have locked

D）having

locked 7）

My transistor radio isn‘t working。

It ____。

A）

need repairing

B）

needs to repair

C）

needs repairing

D）

need to be repaired 8）

It is no use ____ me not to worry。

A）

you tell

B）

your telling

C）

for you to have told

D）having told 9）

He is very busy ____ his papers。

He is far too busy ____ callers。

A）

to write ；to receive

B）

writing ；to receive C）

writing ；receiving

D）

to write ；for receiving 10）The suspect at last admitted ____ stolen goods but denied ____ them。

A）

receiving。。。selling

B）

to receive。。。to sell C）

to receiving。。。to selling

D）

to have received。。。to have sold

11）

She apologized for ____ to come。

A）

her not being able

B）

her being not able C）

not being able

D）

that she’s not able to

12）

Please stop ____，

boys，

I have something important to ____ you。

A）

saying 。。。talk B）

telling 。。。

sayC）

talking 。。。speak D）

talking 。。。

tell 13）

Tony，

would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty ____ his tape recorder？

A）

to fix B）

fixing C）

for fixing D）

fix 14）I remember ____ to help us if we ever got in trouble。

A）

once offering

B）

him once offering

C）

him to offer

D）

to offer him 15）John regretted ____ to the meeting last week。

A）

not going

B）

not to go

C）

not having been going

D）

not to be going 16）

Do you feel like ____ out or would you rather ____ dinner at home？

A）

going。。。to have

B）

to go。。。to have

C）

to go。。。having

D）

going。。。have 17）

We had some trouble ____ the house and nobody seemed ____where it was。

A）

in finding。。。knowing

B）

finding。。。to know C）

to find。。。knowing

D）

to find。。。to know 19）It is no good ____ remember grammatical rules。

You need to practise what you have learned。

A）

trying to

B）

to try to

C）

try to

D）

tried to 20）I don’t like ____ at me。

A）

them laughing

B）

their laugh

C）

them laugh

D）

them to have laughed 21）We suggested ____ in hotels but the children were anxious ____ out。

A）

sleeping。。。to camp

B）

sleeping。。。camping C）

to sleep。。。to camp

D）

to sleep。。。camping 22）The match was cancelled because most of the members ____ a match without a standard court。

A）

objected to having

B）

were objected to have C）

objected to have

D）

were objected to having 23）After ____ him better，

I regretted ____ him unfairly。

A）

getting to know。。。to judge

B）

getting to know。。。to have judged C）

getting to have know。。。judging

D）

getting to know。。。having judged 24）He is looking forward to ____ his holiday in Britain。

A）

spend

B）

have spent

C）

spending

D）having been spending 25）“Why were you so late for work today？”“____ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic。”

A）

Driving

B）

I drove

C）

To drive

D）

That I drove