Learning about Language教学目标

2.

90% of the students can understand the difference between defining and non-defining relative clauses in its usage.

3.

80% of the students will be able to master the use of relatives(which, as, who, whom) after “TEST Focus” part.

Teaching methods：

Inductive and Deductive Approach, Multi-modal Teaching Method, Situational Language Teaching, Task-based Teaching Method,

Teaching process: Step 1 Lead-in 1.

Look at the pictures of 3 babies and compare these two sentences. (对比三个婴儿的照片和一个婴儿的照片)

I like the baby who is making faces. I like the baby, who is making faces.

Design purpose:

通过用婴儿照片创设的情境，让学生真切感受到非限制性定语从句和定语从句在形式和意义上的差别。

Step 2 Induction and deduction ①Definition

Compare sentences

My father, who is a manager, works very hard. √

My father who is a manager works very hard. ×

Translation

Beijing, which is the capital of China, attracts many visitors every year.

中国的首都北京每年都吸引大量的游客。

conclusion

Non-defining relative clauses tell us more about someone or something,

but do not define it.

②Relatives that不能用在非限制性定语从句中

Translation 喜欢老鼠的大象非常罕见。

Elephants that like mice are very usual. 动物园里有时可以找到又大又灰的大象。

Elephants,which are large and grey, can sometimes be found in the zoo. Defining clauses Non-defining clauses Relatives 可以用that 不可以用that 意义上 限定特殊对象 添加一般信息Practice He gave me the letter, _______ was in a blue envelope. He gave me the letter, _______ I read immediately. Which

Which

Guess which one is WRONG? I do not know the reason why he asked the question.

I do not know the reason, why he asked the question.

×

Conclusion “that”

and “why”

can not be used in non-defining relative clauses as relatives. Compare the relatives in defining and non-defining relative clauses ①Watch a video. ②See the mind map drawn by the teacher herself and make the students explain it. for which

Translation 房间里有两把绿色的椅子。

In the room there are two chairs that are green.

In the room there are two chairs, that are green.

which

two of which

In the room there are three chairs，__________ are green.

Can you make a sentence like that?

I lost my cellphone (which) I bought a few days ago. I lost my cellphone, which I bought a few days ago. conclusion “which” can't be left out./ We can't miss the relatives.

which

my cellpohne

Combine two sentences into one.

He didn't arrive on time, which made us angry.

Jim doesn’t like to ask questions.

It made his teacher angry.

It made us angry.

He didn't arrive on time.

Jim doesn’t like to ask questions, which makes his teacher angry Conclusion “which” can also refer to a sentence.

Discussion

形式上

意义上

关系词的使用上

限制性定语从句

不用逗号和主句隔开

是先行词不可缺少的定语，不可删除

A. 作宾语时可省略

B. 可用that/why

非限制性定语从句

用逗号隔开

是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整

A.不可省

B.不可用that/why Guessing game

1.

It is a place worth visiting，______ you can read and borrow books.

2.

He is a fat old man in red, ____ brings presents to children at Chritimas. 3.

It is a thick book which gives you the meanings of more than 55000 words, _____ is a useful tool to learn English well. 4.

It is a small case which produces music when it is opened, _____ is a good gift. 5.

He is a performer in a circus, _____ wears funny clothes and bright make-up, and does silly things in order to make people laugh. 6.

It is a park to keep animals, _____

people can have a look at them. 7.

He is someone who treats people who are ill, _____ is qualified in medicine. 8.

It is a place to watch movies，_____ people go for entertainment. 9.

He is a man whose theory of relativity is well known all over the world，_____ is a great scientist. Test Focus The number of smokers, ___ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 固定搭配：

as we all know= as is known to all as is the case as is said/reported/expected As is known to all, China is a developing country. Mark Twain, as we all know, is a famous American writer. He doesn't like the job, as you can see . The roads were flooded, which made our journey more difficult. Conclusion

as可以放在句首，句中和句末；which只能放在主句后面。

as翻译成“正如”，which翻译成“这”。

Find out the rules. He won the first place in the match, of which we were proud. The weather turned out to be terrible, about which we were disappointed. conclusion 介词后代替整个主句，只能用which不能用as。

Practice It is known to all, the earth moves around the sun. As

As Tom didn't pass the final exam, __ is often the case. 真题演练

1.(2012•全国高考)That evening, ______ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 2. (2012·浙江高考) Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ______, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.

3. （2011·北京高考）Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,______, of course, made all the others upset. 4.（2011·陕西高考）I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, ______we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.

5.（2011·江苏高考）

Between the two parts of the concert is an interval,

______ the audience can buy ice-cream. 6.（2013·浙江）The children, all of ______ had played the whole day long, were

worn out.

Sum Up（学生讨论后自己做出课堂总结）

思维导图+文字描述

Homework Write a short passage describing a person, a thing or a place using the non-defining relative clauses.

反思：

本课主要采用归纳法和演绎法，创设情境，让学生通过图片和示例，比较分析限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的不同点，分别从定义、形式和关系词的使用上比较。每个环节引导学生自己去归纳总结。

在知识点讲解完以后，教师利用支架教学理论，为学生搭建知识框架，让学生自己自然地将知识点以思维导图的形式进行总结概括。

知识点讲解完之后，设置轻松愉快的游戏环节，让学生来猜谜的同时巩固定语从句的引导词使用。最后结合高考现实，辅之以高考题巩固所学，添加as和which的区别这一重要考点。

教学设计由易到难，为学生搭建支架，引导学生自主归纳。