Learning about Language教学实录及点评

Unit 3

Computers

渭源一中

教者：马建军

I 教学内容分析

本单元的中心话题是“计算机”。

Warming up部分用图片呈现了计算机发展的历史，让学生通过看图讨论的方式了解计算机的发展和演变过程。

Reading部分编者采用了拟人化的手法向读者介绍了计算机的发展历程。

Comprehending部分包括三个练习，分别从事实层面、分析层面和拓展层面考察学生对文章的理解和运用情况。

Learning about language部分的活动突出了形容词和副词用法的区别，并扣本单元的语法点（现在完成时的被动语态）。

Using language部分的听力材料中谈论的是信息技术的几种形态或载体（包括收音机、书籍、电视和电脑；在读说活动中，通过智能机器人参加足球赛的经历向读者介绍了计算机运用的另外一个例子。

Learning Tip部分鼓励学生利用图书馆，网络等课外资源学习英语，有利于学生使用资源策略。

Reading for Fun 部分是一首活泼风趣的小诗，以拟人的方法让机器人自述了心声：尽管日夜忙碌，为人服务，但它相信自己和真实的人类没什么两样。

II．教学重点和难点

1．教学重点

(1) 本单元的生词和短语；

(2)

通过学习本单元，使学生了解计算机的发展历程，及其在当今社会的广泛运用；

(3)

鼓励学生用英语表达自己的观点，进行简单的推理和做出决定。

2．教学难点

(1) 教会学生通过时间的先后顺序来表达一件事；

(2) 使学生了和掌握现在完成时的被动语态的用法；

(3) 指导学生按类别归纳整理词汇，让学生学会有效地记忆词汇的方法；

(4) 引导学生发现本单元重点语言结构，让学生自己发现并感悟相关的语言规律，在学习过程中培养语感。

III．教学计划

本单元分六课时：

第一课时：Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading 第二课时：Language points

第三课时：Learning about language

第五课时：Speaking, Reading, Writing

1

IV．教学步骤：

Period 1

Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading Teaching Goals:

1. To know something about computers. 2. To learn and talk about computers.

Teaching Procedures: Step 1. Leading-in Purpose: To activate the Ss and arouse them to talk about the importance of computers in modern society. Ask Ss whether they have a computer or not and what they use it for. Let them talk as much as possible. Step 2. Warming Up

Purpose: To get Ss to think about the different ways computers can be made.

Pair work Get Ss to look at the following pictures, and then ask them to answer the questions.

A huge computer

A

PC

A notebook computer

A calculator

2

An

abacus

1. What are they? 2. What do they have in common? 3. What is a computer? Suggested Answers: 1.

a huge computer, a personal computer, a notebook computer, a calculator, an abacus 2.

(1) to be used to calculate; (2) operate by human beings; (3) they are all artificial; (4) show figures in a certain way. 3.

A computer is a machine which stores knowledge in its memory and does calculations on that knowledge. This knowledge is stored in symbols; it is called data. A computer usually has a monitor to show results. However, some computers can speak; these computers can be used for voice mail. A computer is now almost always an electronic device. It usually contains materials which are toxic; these materials will become toxic waste when disposed of. When a new computer is purchased in some places, laws require that the cost of its waste management must also be paid for. This is called product stewardship. 【教学过程】

整个过程以“问题导入—交互性阅读—小组讨论—课堂汇报—尝试写作—自评/互评”为设计线索

Step1：Warming-up 教师播放《变人》片段选取两姐妹在海边玩耍到Andrew为向小姐道歉，用树根雕刻了一匹小马给她，并且得到了她的原谅。

1.T：Hello, everyone. Let’s watch a video. Please watch it carefully& tell me what the Robot in the video is doing? 【设计意图】让学生观看该段有关机器人的flash片段自然地导入该课的主题，以便帮助学生大致了解到机器人在人类日常生活中可以做的事情,同时能活跃课堂的气氛，为下步阅读策略的教学做了有效的铺垫。

2.T：

Get the students to watch some pictures of Androids dancing .And ask them to think about how they can dance.

3

T:

Imagine what other things androids can do ? 【设计意图】在这节以语言输出为目标的综合技能训练课中，学生既要完成读的任务，又要完成说与写等综合性语言运用任务。因此利用多媒体图片，以帮助学生想象机器人在人类的日常生活中所起的作用。同时在具体语境中处理一些有用的词组和句型：With the help of 、look like 、deal with、…They work as a …、They can…and…为后面的小组讨论做好铺垫，激发他们说的欲望。

Step2：Reading 将学生分成若干小组，并给各组布置以下任务：Read one of the following topics and then describe to others in English.

Who(identity) appearance function his wish

Details 【设计意图】利用表格形式集中呈现四个问题，让学生带着问题去精读文章，这样有助于他们快速捕捉文章更多信息，对文章大意有所了解。并且该教学步骤采用Jinsaw Reading 这一合作互动的阅读教学策略，旨在通过阅读不同内容在小组成员间建立信息沟，然后在阅读的基础上进行信息的有效地口头传递，以实现信息的交流的资源的共享。学生在完成此类任务时表现得积极、主动、交流也较真实。

Step3：Group Discussion Get the students to watch some other pictures of Android.

And ask them to think about the following questions :

4

a. Where are they ? b. What is the function of the Androids? c. Can you describe their appearances? d．If you have a chance to design your Android, what would you like your Android to be? 教师让学生分组讨论以上问题，并要求学生在讨论中运用表达观点和做决定的功能用语。

Giving opinions a.I think that …

b.In my opinion…

c.I believe that…

Reasoning

a.I think this one is better ,because…

b.I don’t like this one ,because…

c.The advantage /disadvantage is …

Making a decision a.

Let’s make our decision b.

I’ve decided…

【设计意图】设计该教学环节的目的之一是通过小组活动引导学生共同讨论，促使学生运用本单元中刚学过的语言及有关交际功能。学生根据以上所学语言自主运用语言的过程。这样的活动既关注了语言形式，有关注了语言内容，实现了让学生在真实语境中运用英语及交际策略的目标，体现了“用语言做事，在做事中学会语言”的教学原则。同时把学生分成小组讨论能使学生写作积极性提到最高点，使写作活动更具有交际性，可帮助启发学生的写作灵感。并为后面的写作打好伏笔。

Step 3. Pre-reading Purpose: To activate Ss’ interest about computers. Group work Ask Ss the following questions and encourage them to say more. 1.

How have computers changed our lives ? 2.

What do you know about computers ? Suggested Answers: 1. They’re a much more useful and humane tool than the phone , and with corporate America behind them the networks will be everywhere--- changing our lives more than any technology since the automobile. 2. A multi-function electronic device that can execute instructions to perform a task. A device that accepts information, processes it, and supplies an output. A computer usually contains memory, a control unit, arithmetic and logical units, and a means for input and output. A programmable hardware component that is controlled by internally stored programs and that can perform substantial computations (including arithmetic and logic operations) without

5

human intervention. A computer typically consists of one or more processing units, memory units, and associated peripheral input and output devices. Step 4. Reading 1. Skimming Purpose: 1. To get a brief understanding of the text.

2. To train the students’ listening ability.

First, let Ss skim the text and then listen to the recording of the text. Pay attention to the pauses and pronunciation. 2. Scanning Purpose: To get Ss to have some details in the text.

Now we are to read the text again and underline all the expressions in the text. Write them down in your notebook. 3. Further Reading Purpose: To get Ss to get more details about the text.

Read the text again and find the information to complete the table, which describes the development of computer. 1642: ___________________________________________________

1822:

The Analytical Machine was made by Charles Babbage. ____: ___________________________________________________ 1940s: ___________________________________________________ _____: The first family of computers was connected to each other. 1970s: ___________________________________________________ Now: ___________________________________________________

Step 5. Retell Purpose: To have a deep understanding of the text. Ask Ss to use the chart above to retell the development of the computer. One possible version: I, a computer, was a calculating machine in 1642 in France. Then I was built as an Analytical Machine in 1822, which was a technological revolution. I became a “universal machine” in 1936 to solve any mathematical problem. I was not very big at first then I became huge, the size of a large room before I was made smaller and smaller.

Getting new transistors, later very small chips I changed my shape. I was connected with other computers and turned out to part of a network in the early 1960s. In 1970s I was brought into people’s homes, and came the Internet. Step 6. Homework 1. Write a short passage about the development of computers. 2. Finish Ex1 (P19), Ex2 (P20). Period 2

Language points

Step 1 Word study

6

Group work Divide Ss into four groups and ask them to discuss the following words. 1. common

（1）

most widely known; ordinary:

Eg He is a common sailor.

（2）

have nothing/little/something/ a lot in common

Eg At first, I think we only had one thing in common, but suddenly I felt we had a lot in common.

Eg The two brothers had everything in common in their manners, but the two sisters have little in common.Eg They have nothing in common with one another. 2. analytical分析的

Eg The scientist analyzed the milk and found it contained too much water.

3.technology 科技；技术

Eg With the development of technology, we will cure AIDS sooner or later. 4.calculate(v.) 1)

to use numbers to find out a total amount, distance, etc. 计算；

核算

We haven’t really calculated the cost of the vacation yet. 2)

to guess sth by using all the information available 推测，估计

It is impossible to calculate what influence he had on her life. 5.As time went by, I was made smaller.随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。

go by : to pass 逝去，过去

Things will get easier as time goes by. 随着时间的推移，情况会有所改善。

6.totally:completely 完全地；

全部地；

整个地

They come from totally different cultures.他们来自完全不同的文化。

7.share with: to have or use sth at the same time as sb else

共用，合用

Mary shares a house with three other students. 玛丽和另外三个学生合住一间房子。

Share in 分享，分担

8.explore (v.)

1)to travel to or around an area or a country in order to learn about it 勘察；

探索；

考察

The city is best explored on foot. 最好是徒步考察这个城市。

2）examine sth completely or carefully in order to find out more about it. 探究，调查研究

These ideas will be explored in more detail in Chapter 7.这些想法将在第七章里作更详细地探讨。

9.in a way: to a certain extent

在某种程度上

In a way you are right, but this new textbook is too boring. 从某种程度上说你是对的，但是这本新教材是很枯躁的。

In the way 阻碍，妨碍

Step 2. Homework Use the words above to make sentences and check them with your partner.

7

Period 3 Learning about Language

Step 1. Learning about Language 1. Fill the blanks and check the answers altogether. (1) Snow is _______(常见的) in cold countries. (2). Can you _______(估计)the cost of this journey?

(3). The _________(分析) of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police. (4) I shall go and see him ________(无论如何) (5) He's some kind of ________(数学)genius. (6). He is too s________ to work out such a difficult problem. (7). He asked his father's o________ about his plans. (8). How are you going to d________ with the letter? (9). I ________(完全) agree to your plan. (10). This is a t________ beautiful picture. 2. Change the following sentences with the meaning not changed.

(1) I like a lot of what she likes.→

We have a lot______ ______. (2)

Harry helped me with my English, so I learnt a lot.→

I made great progress in English_______ Harry's ______. (3) Time passed quickly. Peter grew into a tall young man.→

With the time _______ _______, Peter became a tall young man. (4) You said it was very special. I don't think so.→

I_______ with what you said. (5) In my opinion, Mickey is the kind of person we need.→

_________, Mickey is the very man we need.

3.

Grammar Purpose: To get Ss to have knowledge of this grammar point: present perfect passive voice.

(1) Presentation

①

Revise the grammar: the present passive voice. am / is / are + done ②

Revise the grammar: the present perfect voice. Have/has + done

③

Explain the grammar: the present perfect passive voice. ——>Have/has been +done (2) Practice Purpose: To get Ss to have knowledge of the grammar through exercise. ①

Fill the blanks with the correct tense. A. –The window

is dirty.

It ____________ ________ (not clean) for weeks.

8

B. ---George and Lucy got married last week. Did they have a big wedding?

---No, I __________________

(not invite).

Did they have a big wedding? .

C. ---Have you moved to your new apartment?

---Not yet, it _______________(paint) at the moment. D.

too much. The students have been made __________(not play) computer games E.

Since then, all different kinds of information ____________________(处理)by

computers.

F.

He doesn’t mind the story _____________(编造) in this way.

G.

Do you know how many websites there are

________________(连接)? Suggested Answers:

A. hasn’t been cleaned

B. hadn’t been invited

C. is being painted

D.

not to play

E. has been dealt with

F. being made up

G. to be connecte ②

Translating following sentences into Chinese and pay attention to the present passive voice.

A. A new personal computer has been bought.

B. Many problems ahs been found with our new computer. C. A PC has been built the way we wanted. D. Our computer has just jointed to the Internet. E. The computer ahs been used every day since we bought it. F. A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the past year. Step 2. Homework

Finish Ex1 (P21), Ex2 (P21) and Ex3 (P21).

9