Learning about Language含PPT的教学设计及点评

Learning about Language In grammar learning we focus on subject-verb agreement and help students discover the rules to decide the number for a collective noun. There are accompanying exercises. Systematic explanation shall be given help consolidate the knowledge acquired.

Step1

Discovering useful structures (Subject-verb agreement)

1.Brainstorm

Subject-verb agreement by giving simple examples.

T: Now watch me. What am I doing?(draws a picture on the blackboard)

Ss: You are drawing on the blackboard.

T: Yes. The teacher is drawing on the blackboard.(Writes the sentence “The teacher is drawing on the blackboard”.) What about you? What are you doing?

Ss: We are watching and listening to you.

T: (Writes the sentence “We are watching and listening to you.”)

The teacher is drawing on the blackboard.

We are watching and listening to you.

Now please have a look at these two sentences. Can we say the teacher are drawing or we is watching and listening to the teacher? Ss: No.

T: Why? Ss: There are some rules for us to follow when we write sentences.

T: You are right. When we write a sentence the predicate should agree with the subject, which is called subject-verb agreement. If we can not apply the rules correctly, we might not get ourselves understood.

2 Instruct the students to discover the rules for subject-verb agreement.

T:There are three main principles for us to follow.语法一致

就近一致

意义一致

Show the students some sentences and get them to complete the sentences by filling in the predicate. Get them to observe the sentences and sum up the rules.

Finish the following exercises:The boy___ diving.isareThey____ diving.areBoth Jackand Tim___ diving.Neither Jack nor Tim___ iswalking.All ofthem ____ diving.are

Step3一、语法一致

主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式;

主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often helps me.

We often help each other.

不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

二、意义一致

主语形式虽为单数, 但意义为复数, 谓语动词用复数; 主语形式为复数, 而意义为单数, 谓语动词用单数。如：The crowd were surrounding the government official.

人群包围了这位政府官员。Maths is hard to learn.数学难学。

三、就近原则

就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.

桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。

注意: 1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或代词作主语时, 谓语动词有以下

两种情况:

1) and连接两个或两个以上不同的人或物作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。如：

He and I are both students of this school.

Time and tide wait for no man.

岁月不饶人。

2) 如果连接两个或两个以上的并列结构

是指同一个人或物, 或指同一概念时, 谓语动词用单数, 这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。

如: 表整体概念的并列结构

bread and butter knife and fork

iron and steel law and order

配套事物：

a watch and chain a needle and thread

The knife and fork is on the desk.

刀叉放在桌子上。

2.主语后面带有with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, including, but 等引导的短语时, 谓语动词必须

与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

e.g. The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the garden.

老师和同学们正在花园里种树。

E-mail, as well as the telephones, ______ playingan important part in daily communication.

3. 如果主语是不定式, 动词-ing形式或主语从句时, 谓语动词用单数。

What he is doing seems very important.

他正在做什么看起来很重要。

Serving the people is my great happiness.

为人民服务是我最大的幸福。

4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。

Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. 班里的每个男孩女孩都很用功。

5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动用单数。

复数代词+ each, 谓语动词用单数。 Each of us has something to say.

We each have something to say.我们每个人都有些话要说。

6. 不定代词 all, more, some, any, none等

作主语时, 谓语动词视情况而定。可用单数, 也可用复数; 但当它指代不可数名词

时看作单数, 谓语动词用单数。



All the apples are rotten.



All the apple is rotten.



None of us are /is perfect.



None of the money is left.

7.集体名词作主语, 谓语动词可用单数，

也可用复数, 主要由句子的意思决定。

强调整体时用单数, 强调整体中的个体的用复数。这类名词有people, family,

class, population, crowd, team, ground等。

•

His family is going out. 他们全家要外出。

•

His family are all music lovers. 他们全家都是音乐爱好者。

8.表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等名词作主语时, 不管单复数形式, 其谓语动词

用单数。如：

•

Thirty years is not a long time. 30年的时间并不长。

•

Two hours is enough for me to finish the work.两个小时对我来说完成

这项工作足够了。

Step4. Consolidation

1) Get the students to do exercises 2 on Page 5.

Dear Xiaoyu, I think everyone is (is/are) settled in London,although neither the weather nor the food is(is/are) good.Either rain or snow fell every day this week but everybody has (has/ have) tried to ignore it.My friends and my mother have(has/have) visited the theatre almost every night.None of them carries(carry/carries) an umbrella but nobody has(has/have) let that affect their activities.We are enjoying ourselves so much that I wonder if anybody wants(want/wants)to come home.This group of tourists love (love/loves) the culture and is (is/are) happy in England and would like to visit London every summer!

See you soon, Dong Xianshun Step 4 Homework

1.Page 43 Ex 1 Choose the best answers for the blanks.

2.Page 44 Ex 2 Choose the right words and complete the short texts.