Learning about Language课堂实录【2】

Grammar--The Attributive Clause 1 定语从句1

Teaching Goals: Knowledge aims: 1. Get the students to learn the Attributive Clause introduced by the relative adverbs and pronouns. 2. Let the students learn usages of the relative adverbs and pronouns. Ability aims: 1. Enable the students to use attributive clauses correctly and properly. 2. Enable the students to know how to choose proper relative pronouns and adverbs for attributive clauses. Emotional aims: 1. Get the students to become interested in grammar learning. 2. Develop the students’ sense of group cooperation.

Teaching Important Points:

1.

Get the students to master the Attributive Clause introduced by the relative adverbs and pronouns. 2.

Enable the students to know how to choose proper relative pronouns and adverbs for attributive clauses. Teaching Difficult Point:

Enable the students to know how to choose proper relative pronouns and adverbs. Teaching methods:

1. Task-based teaching and learning 2. Cooperative learning and practice Teaching aids:

A projector and other normal teaching tools

Teaching procedures:

Step 1 Lead in

Introduce the teaching aims of this class, and so on.

Step 2 Grammar learning 1.

Introduce the basic knowledge of the attributive clause 1). 一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）起修饰限定作用，这个句子叫做定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词；定语从句通常放在被修饰词的后面。

第

1 页

共

5 页

E.g,

1. This is the car which he bought last year. 句子which he bought last year 是定语从句，先行词是

the car.

2. Do you know the man who spoke just now? 句子

who spoke just now

是定语从句，先行词是the man 2). 定语从句三步：

(1)、找出先行词

(2)、看先行词在定语从句中所做的成分（做主语、宾语、定语或状语）

(3)、根据所做的成分选择合适的关系词

3). 关系词分关系代词和关系副词

关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that

关系副词：when, where, why

2.

The usages of relative pronouns and adverbs. 1)、关系代词（who, whom, which, that，whose）

Who Whom Which that 指人

√

√

√

指物

√

√

主语

主语

在定语从句中的作用

主语

宾语

宾语

宾语

宾语

whose √

√

定语（whose +n.）

For example 1. Do you know the girl

____ studies at No. 1 high school. 2. I know a boy ______ father is a teacher.

3. The work __________ has just been finished is very important.

Answers: 1. who, 2. whose, 3. that/which.

考

点：

(1). 定语从句中一般用that而不用which的情况（顺口溜：代高序恰恰）。

a. 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时；或先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, few 等不定代词修饰时。

E.g, I’ve read all the books that are not mine. b. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词the first,

the second, the last 等修饰时。

E.g, This is the first book (that) he has read. c. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the just等修饰时。

第

2 页

共

5 页

E.g, This is the very book that belongs to him. d. 先行词既有人又有物。

E.g. He talked about the things and persons that he had visited in the city. e. 在who或which引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用that引导。

E.g. Who is the man that is standing over there? (2). 在下列情况下只用which,不用that a, 引导非限定性定语从句

b, 作介词的宾语

For example,

1.

They have invited me to visit their country,

which is very kind of them.

2.

I was born on Oct.1st on which our nation was set up. 2）．关系副词引导的定语从句

常见的关系副词有when, where, why. 关系副词引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词通常是表示时间、地点或原因的名词，在定语从句中关系副词用做状语。

(1). where 表示地点，只能跟在表地点或场合的名词后。

E.g, Can you tell me the office where he works. (2). when 表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。

E.g,

Tell me the time when the train leaves. (3). why表示原因，通常跟在reason后引导定语从句。

E.g,

I don’t know the reason why he left here.

3)．关系代词和关系副词的区别

练

习

1). a. The reason _______he missed the speech is that he forgot the time.

b. The reason_____________he gave us sounded reasonable. 2). a. I’ll never forget the day ____________we spent together in Paris.

b. I’ll remember the day________we stayed together at that time.

3).

a. Is this the factory______________we visited last year?

b. Is this the house _________Lincoln once lived?

Answers: 1). a, why, b, that/which; 2). a. that/which, b. when; 3). a. that/which, b. where.

解题点拨:

看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分；

若是作状语, 就用where, when, why等关系副词；

若是作主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词that, which, whom, whose等。

Step 3 Grammar Practice

Give out exercise papers, and fill in the blanks with proper relative pronouns and adverbs. I. 填空

1.The famous basketball star, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.

2.She heard a terrible noise, _________ brought her heart into her mouth. 第

3 页

共

5 页

3.York, ______ I visited last year, is a nice old city. 4.The English play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success, 5.They ask about the things and teachers ______ they still remembered in the school. 6.I will always remember those days ______ I spent with him sailing on the sea. 7.His English, ______ used to be very poor, is now excellent. 8.George Orwell, ______ real name was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.

II.将下列句子改写成定语从句

1. Have you found the bike? You are looking for the bike.

2.The book is very interesting. I bought the book yesterday.

3.I saw some trees. Their leaves were black with disease.

4. The girl is our monitor. She is playing the piano over there.

5. He was born in a town. The town is far away from the city.

answers: I.

1. who

2. which

3. which

4. in which

5. that

6. which

7. whom

8. whose

II.1.Have you found the bike (that/which) you are looking for? 2.The book ( that/ which) I bought yesterday is very interesting. 3.I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease. 4.The girl who/ that is playing the piano over there is our monitor. 5.He was born in a town that/ which is far away from this city.

Step 4 Grammar summary Attributive clause: An attributive clause is a clause modifying a noun or pronoun in a compound sentence. Antecedent: The word modified by an attributive clause is called the antecedent. Relative: The word that is used to introduce an attributive clause is called a relative. There are two kinds of relatives, i. e. relative pronouns (including which, that, who, whom, whose, etc. )and relative adverbs (including where, when, why ). Note: Relatives plays three important roles in an attributive clause: introducing an attributive clause, replacing the antecedent in meaning, and functioning as a sentence element in the attributive clause. 第

4 页

共

5 页

The choice of the relatives is the most difficult in learning the attributive clause. However, there are some rules that can help us choose the correct relatives. Usually, which relative to choose depends on what the antecedent is and what sentence element the relative functions in the attributive clause as shown in the following chart:

Antecedents Relatives Sentence elements people who/that subject/object whom object things which/that subject/object time which/that subject/object when adverbial place which/that subject/object where adverbial reason why adverbial

Step 5 Homework 1.

Review and master the basic usages of the Attributive Clause. 2.

Finish the exercises in students’ workbooks.

教学反思：

本节课中，学生们将学习到定语从句关系代词、关系副词的作用及在什么情况下用that/which/whose/whom/who/when/where/why等，引导学生梳理知识，排解疑难，构建合理的知识结构体系。最后辅以练习，让学生掌握该语法项目。在学生探究性、合作性学习方面还需进一步强化。

第

5 页

共

5 页