Learning about Languageppt配套的教学设计及说课稿

Unit 5 The Attributive Clause

学习目标：

1.

了解定语从句的基本概念和基本用法；

2.

熟悉定语从句的重点考点；

3.

熟练运用定语从句的解题思路。

一、基本概念

所谓定语从句就是修饰、限定主句中某一名词或代词的从句；所修饰的名词或代词为__________，定语从句由关系词引导，关系词在定语从句中______________。简单表示如下：

关系代词：_____________________________

名词/代词+

关系词

+ 其他

______

关系副词：_____________________________

定语从句

二、基本用法

关系代词

that which who whom whose as 关系副词

when where why 先行词

先行词

在从句中所作成分

在从句中所作成分

例1 这是去年建造的工厂。

This is the factory which / that was built last year. 注意：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不可省;

注意主谓一致（从句谓语形式根据先行词确定）。

He is one of the students who want to go there. （one前无修饰语，of后的名词复数为先行词）

He is the only one of the students who wants to go there.

(one前有the, the only等修饰时，one 为先行词) 例2 我刚才看到的男孩是汤姆。

The boy that/who/whom I saw just now is Tom. 注意：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，一般可省，但前有介词时或在非限制性定语从句中，不可省。

This is the room in which Mary lived. This is the room (which/that) Mary lived in.

The boy, who/whom I saw just now is Tom. 例3 我仍然记得

我参军的

那一天。

I still remember the day when /on which I joined the army.

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注意：1)关系副词一般可由“介词+关系代词”替换。

介词后不用that和who，指人常用whom，指物常用which。

2)介词的选择依据两点：①介词本身的含义及用法。②固定搭配。

Xiao Wang ,with whom I went fishing, has returned. Her bag, in which she put all her money, has been stolen. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars. 三、思路点拨

①

确定该从句为定语从句

②看先行词指人、物、时间、地点还是原因

③判断关系词在定语从句中的所作成分

④注意特殊情况：先行词指物时that和

which的区别；as 和

which的区别；限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别；“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句；主谓一致；关系代词的省略情况等。

例1 Tom took the police to the place _____ the accident happened．

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. when ①此处为____________ ②先行词为____________,指__________ ③关系词在定语从句中作______________ ④特殊情况：_____________________ 例2 He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.

A. which

B. that

C. it

D. whom ①此处为____________ ②先行词为____________,指__________ ③关系词在定语从句中作______________ ④特殊情况：_____________________ 知识衔接

先行词指物时，that与which的区别用法

用that的情况

①

先行词为all, none, everything, something, nothing, nobody等不定代词时。

②

先行词既包含人又包含物时。

③

先行词被all, every, some, any, no等修饰时。

④

先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。

⑤

先行词被the only, the same, the last, the very 修饰时。

⑥

关系代词在从句中作表语时。

⑦

主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。

注意①-②为先行词本身特殊。③-⑤为先行词修饰语特殊。⑥所作成分特殊。⑦为避免重复。

用which的情况

①

前有介词时。②

引导非限制性定语从句时。③

先行词本身为that/those时。

例3 He was very rude to the officer,

____

of course made things even worse.

A.

who

B. whom

C. that

D. which

①此处为____________ ②先行词为____________,指__________ ③关系词在定语从句中作______________ ④特殊情况：_____________________

2

知识衔接

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

①限制性定语从句：与主句关系密切，不可缺少；前无“，”；作宾语的关系代词可省（介词提前时不可省）；可用that引导。

②非限制性定语从句：与主句关系不密切，可缺少；

前有“，”；作宾语的关系代词不可省；一般不用that引导。

I bought a book (that/which) I liked very much.我买了一本我很喜欢的书。

I bought a book, which I liked very much.

我买了一本书。这本书我很喜欢。

例4 When my son was young, I would take him to all sorts of events _________he shows interest.

A. of which

B. to which

C. on which

D. in which

①此处为____________ ②先行词为____________,指__________ ③关系词在定语从句中作______________ ④特殊情况：_____________________ 例5 I have bought the same dress ____ she is wearing.

A. as

B. that

C. which

D. what ①此处为____________ ②先行词为____________,指__________ ③关系词在定语从句中作______________ ④特殊情况：_____________________ 知识衔接

①as引导限制性定语从句时，一般构成固定搭配：as…as, so… as, such…as, the same…as

注意：

It is the same car as I lost yesterday.(同一类中的一个)

It is the same car that I lost yesterday. (同一个) ②as引导非限制性定语从句时，译为“正如；正像，这一点”，可位于句首，句中或句尾。

as 与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别

as: 可位于句首；有“正如；正像”的含义；从句常用被动语态；有固定表达法，如as is known to all, as is expected等。

which:不可位于句首；在从句中作复合宾语结构的主语时用which，否定的定语从句常用which 引导。

He broke the cup, which made his mother angry. As is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun.

例6 Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series. A.them

B. that

C. which

D. what ①此处为____________ ②先行词为____________,指__________ ③关系词在定语从句中作______________ ④特殊情况：_____________________ 知识衔接

“名词/代词/数词/比较级/最高级+of which/whom…”构成的非限制性定语从句。

1）该结构中常用的不定代词有：

one, each, both, several, (a) few, (a) little, some, many, much, half, most, all, neither, none等。

2）常用的数词有：基数词，序数词，分数，百分数。

①

She had two sons, both of whom are doctors.

3

②

the door of which faces south.

They live in a house, of which the door faces south.

whose door faces south.

四、模拟演练

请用关系词填空

I’ll never forget the days _____________ weworked together.

2. I’ll never forget the days _________ we spent together.

3. I went to the place ____________ I worked ten years ago. 4. I went to the place ___________ I visited ten years ago. 5. This is the reason _____________ he was late.

6. This is the reason ____________ he gave.

单项选择

1. I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.

A. who

B. that

C. as

D. what 2. The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.

A. where

B. which

C. its

D. whose 3. The air quality in the city, _______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.

A. that

B. it

C. as

D. what 4. A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. there 5. As a child, Jack studied in a village school,______ is named after his grandfather.

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. that

6. Tom took the police to the spot _____ the accident happened．

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. when 7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _______ help I would never have got this far.

A. who

B. whose C. whom

D. which 8. The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. which 【名句欣赏】

1. He, who knows nothing but pretends to know everything, is indeed a good-for-nothing.

不懂装懂，永世饭桶。

2. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.从不犯错误的人一事无成。

3. He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。

4. He that gains time gains all things. 谁赢得时间，谁就赢得一切。

5. He that travels far knows much. 行万里者，见多识广。

6. All is not gold that glitters. 闪闪发光者，未必皆黄金。

7. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。

8. Those who make most people happy are the happiest in the world.

能使大多数人幸福的人是世界上最幸福的人。

五、作业

1. Revise the grammar we have learned today.

2.

Finish the given exercises .

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