Learning about Language课程导入

Unit 3 Computers The 3rd period: learning about Language

---the Present Perfect Passive Voice

Goals: 1. Learn the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 2. Help the students master the way of using the correct voice, telling the differences between the active voice and the passive voice.

Teaching Procedures: Step 1: Revision and lead-in 1.

Check the homework first

Ex1:

1 revolution

2 network

3 simplify 4calculate

5mobile

6 solve 7explore 8 totally

9anyhow

10 finance Ex2: 1 explore

2Web

3technology

4 artificial 5 applications

6 intelligent 7 logically 8 reality Step2: Discovering useful structures Ask the Ss to discover whether these sentences have something in common.. Help them to learn the useful structure : the Present Perfect Passive Voice. Look at the following sentence, paying attention to the underlined part. Examples in the present perfect passive voice from the reading passage. 1. First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. 2. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told.

3. Since the 1970s many applications have been found for me. 4. …

Step3:The Present Perfect Passive Voice

Change the following sentences into the present perfect passive voice. 1. A new personal computer has been bought by my friend.

2. My computer has been repaired by the shop very quickly. 3. My computer has just been attacked by an unknown virus. 4. The problem have not been solved by us yet. 5. The computers has been given away to a local school by the company. 6. A kind of intelligent robot has been developed by the scientists. 1. 两种时态

构成：

主动语态

被动语态

现在完成时

have/has done----------have/has been done1) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词) 1）现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago,

in 1978, when I got there 等, 现在完成时常与

already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等。不能用在现在完成进行时态的动词, 如: be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。

一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在毫无关系。1) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)

2）现在完成进行时

(have/has + been + 现在分词) 的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等。不能用在现在完成进行时态的动词, 如: be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。

一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在毫无关系。

2.)现在完成进行时

(have/has + been + 现在分词) 3. 七种被动语态形式

1) 一般现在时的被动语态

(am/is/are+ 过去分词)

如: The work is done during two days. 2) 一般过去时的被动语态

(was/were+ 过去分词) 如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident. 3) 一般将来时的被动语态

(will/shall + be + 过去分词或

+ be going to + be + 过去分词) 如: The work will be finished soon. 4) 现在进行时的被动语态

(is/am/are + being+ 过去分词) 如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 现在完成时的被动语态

(have/has +been + 过去分词) 如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop. 6) 带情态动词的被动语态

(情态动词

+ be + 过去分词)7) 动词不定式的被动式

(to be + 过去分词) 如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.

如: This can be done in a few minutes. 4. The child has been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years.

这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。

现在完成时被动态：

have / has + been + 动词过去分词

现在完成进行时：

have / has + been + 动词现在分词

它们的构成的区别在最后的动词上, 被动态接的是过去分词形式, 现在完成进行时接的是现在分词形式。

Step4: Practice and exercises

1.Use these words (1.A calculating machine; replace2.The buildings; destroy; earthquake) to make sentences.

Eg:The buildings have been destroyed in an earthquake. A calculating machine has been replaced with the laptop.

2. Do some exercises:

All the people laughed at him.

He was laughed at by all people.

They make the bikes in the factory.

The bikes are made by them in the factory.

3.Use the correct forms of the words in the bracket to complete the sentences 。

1) First as a PC and then as a laptop, I have been used (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.

2）

Over time my memory has developed(develop) so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told (told). 3）

Since the 1970s many new applications has been found(find) for me.

Step5: Using the structure : Play a game—What has been decided. 1. Give The Ss the situation : Get into groups of four. Your task is to decide what has been decided for the class .Take turns to make the ideas as interesting or as lively as you can. 2. Give the Ss some examples:Step6: Further Study:

1 Try to remember the grammar rules and do exercises

2 and 3 on page 21. 2.Revise the Present Perfect Passive Voice.

3. Ask them to collect the ones they all like best and be prepared to tell them to the class.