Learning about Language教学设计(第一课时)

潮阳一中明光学校高一英语语法学案 现在完成时的被动语态

潮阳一中明光学校高一英语语法学案

Grammar: Present Perfect Passive Voice(现在完成时的被动语态)

I.

复习各时态（tense)的被动语态(passive voice)：

1. 一般现在时(simple present tense )的被动语态：

主动：We often use computers.

被动：Computers ________ ________ ________ by

________. 结构：S(主语）+ am/is /are

+

done (过去分词). 2. 一般过去时(simple past tense)

的被动语态：

主动：We held a sports meeting in our school last month.

被动：A sports meeting ________ ________in our school by us last month. 结构：S + was/were

+ done.

. 3. 情态动词(Modal verb)的被动语态：

主动：We can do the work easily. 被动：This work ________ ________ ________ by us easily

结构：S + can/may/must/should + be + done 4. 一般将来时(future tense)的被动语态：

主动：My hometown will build many new buildings. 被动：Many new buildings ________ ________ ________in my hometown.

结构：S + will + be + done

5. 现在完成时(present perfect tense)的被动语态：

结构：_______ + ________ + _______ + _________ II. 现在完成时的被动语态的用法: 1.表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响和结果.

The door has been locked. 2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How long...?句型中.

The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.

How long has the machine been used?

现在完成时的标志:recently /already/yet/for+一段时间

/since+时间点

Example:

Recently

scientists

have invented

a new kind of PC.

动作的执行者

谓语动词

动作的承受者

Recently

III. 主动语态变被动语态的方法(适用于各种时态) 1. 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的

。

2. 把谓语变成被动结构，即be＋done (注意：要根据被动语态句子里的主语的

和___

以及原来主动语态句子中动词的

来决定be的形式)。

3. 把主动语态中的主语放在介词_______之后作_______, 将主格改为_______。

4. 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，

另一个保留不动。如果把直接宾语改为主语时, 则在间接宾语前加to或for 主动: His mother has given him a shirt.

= His mother has given a shirt to him. 被动: He has been given a shirt (by his mother).

= A shirt has been given to him (by his mother). 主动: His mother has bought him a shirt.

= His mother has bought a shirt for him. 被动: He has been bought a shirt (by his mother).

= A shirt has been bought for him (by his mother).

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潮阳一中明光学校高一英语语法学案 现在完成时的被动语态

5. 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾补保留不动，

改称主语补足语。

主动：I have asked her to help you. 被动：She has been asked to help you. 注意：若主动名中的宾语补足语若是不带to的不定式,在变为被动句的,to需还原.

She has made his son learn English for years.

His son has been made to learn English for years. 6. 当主动句的宾语是that引导的宾语从句，可转换为两种形式的被动句。

1) 用先行的it作形式主语，把宾语从句变成后置的主语从句；

2) 把宾语从句里主语变成被动句的主语，同时把宾语从句中谓语变成不定式短语。

They have made sure that he is an honest boy. 大家都确定他是个诚实的孩子。

1) It has been made sure that he is an honest boy. 2) He has been made sure to be an honest boy.

IV. 把主动语态变被动语态。

1. China has sent up Shenzhou-10 in recent months. Shenzhou-10

by China in recent months 2. South Africa has held a national funeral (国葬) for Mandela. A national funeral

for Mandela in South Africa. 3. China has already set up its ADIZ recently. The ADIZ

by China recently. 4. The workers haven’t completed the house yet. The house

by the workers yet. 5. The artist hasn’t finished his paintings yet.

The paintings

by the artist yet.

6.

Have we finished our blackboard? Yes, we have.

our blackboard

by us? Yes, it

. . 7. What has been bought by Tom? 8. Who have been helped by the new computer? 9. How many buildings have been built in this school 10. Where has the car been repaired? V. 现在完成时被动语态句式结构：(Structure) 肯定句式：

否定句式：

一般疑问句式：

特殊疑问句式：

VI. 找茬: (Just for fun! Tell the difference.) VII. 看图造句：（Make sentences）

VIII. 改错:(Correct mistakes) 1. What has been happened to your brother?

2. The child has been taken good care by Grandma all these years.

3. Such a man has been never believed.

4. Mingguang School has been set up for 10 years.

5. That kind of clothes has been washed well and worn long.

注意：

1. 只有及物动词(vt.)才有被动语态，不及物动词(vi.)（词组）没有被动语态,

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潮阳一中明光学校高一英语语法学案 现在完成时的被动语态

如:happen, take place, die, appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit, stand, break out, come true, belong to等．

2. 许多不及物动词(vi.)加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词(vt.)，也可以有被动语态。但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。

3. 副词的位置:

often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。

4. 特殊动词:

如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，

则需改换动词或时态。

5. 主语是物，谓语是系动词、表示主语特征或属性的动词,用主动形式表被动。常见的这类动词有feel, taste, sound, write, read, wear, wash, clean, sell, run, lock等, X. Competition: XI. Blank filling: 语法填空:

A 篇

Great changes ___1___ (take place) in my hometown in the past decades. The public facilities ___2___

(greatly, improve)

. The roads

___3___

(widen)

and more bridges ___4___ (build). More attention

___5___

(give)

to the environment protection, so many more trees and flowers

___6___

(plant)

in the city. The water in the rivers and lakes as well as the air

___7___ (become) clean again. As many people say, it seems that we are now living in a “big park”. Of course, life of us ___8___ (get) better and better. XII. 总结：(Sum up) XIII. Homework: & Exercise: I. Change the following sentences into the present perfect passive voice. Put the verbs into the correct form. 1 We have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2 The car factory has produced a great many fine cars since the technological revolution. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3 They have made a plan to help the poor children in the poor area. ______________________________________________________________________________ 4 The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project. ______________________________________________________________________________ 5 We have used the computer every day since we bought it. ______________________________________________________________________________ II. Change the following sentences into the Present Perfect Passive Voice. Put the verbs into correct form.

Recently we have bought a new personal computer. We have used the computer every day since we bought it. We have just joined our computer to the Internet. However, we have found many problems with it. So we have decided to ask a professional man to fix it.

Soon he has fixed the computer. He has built a PC way we wanted . How excited we are! These days we have written a lot of E-mails on the computer. We have decided to write a report about the positive and the negative effects of using computers. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

III. Complete the sentences using words given with correct forms. Pay attention to the tense. 1 The floor in our classroom_____________ (mop) every day 2 Many accidents ____________ (cause) by careless driving.

3 I ____________ (ask) to clean my room on Monday. 4 We ____________ (take) o that hospital by a taxi.

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潮阳一中明光学校高一英语语法学案 现在完成时的被动语态

5 A new coat ___________ (buy) for me by my mother last week.

6 China's first television station __________ (set up) by the workers in 1958

7 He ____________________

(recognize) as soon as he arrives at this city 8 All those old buildings ______________________ (knock down ) tomorrow. 9 A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums __________________________to the east of London. 10 Do you know the thief __________________ (catch) by the police? 11 All the preparations for the project ___________________ (complete). And we’re ready to start.

12 How many times_____________________ (you, tell) not to play with fire?

－I’m sorry. I’ll never do that again.

13 The homework __________________ (must, hand in) tomorrow. 14 The flowers____________________ (should, water) once a week. 1. Both my brother work at the factory that ___ in my hometown. A. has set up

B. has been set up

C. be set up

D. is set up 2. _____ the sports meeting will be put off. A. I has been told

B. He’ve be told

C. I’ve been told

D. I’m been told 3. -- How long ____ at this job?

-- Since 1990. A. were you employed

B. have you been employed C. had you been employed

D. will you be employed 4. -- How long ago ___ these eggs___?

-- Perhaps 15 days.

A. will; hatch

B. did; hatch

C. were; hatched

D. have; been hatched 5. A wonderful English speech _____ by Mr. Smith tomorrow.

A.

has been given

B. is given

C. is being given

D. will be given 6. --Did you move into the new house?

-- No. The rooms ___ yet. A. were being painted

B. have been painted C. will been painted

D. have not been painted

7. – Hi, Tom, you look tired.

-- Of course. I ___ the living room all day.

A. had painted

B. painted

C. have been painting

D. have been painted

8. You can’t move in .The house _____.

A. is painting

B. is being painted

C. has painted

D. has been painted

9. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___yet.

A. are not decided

B. have not been decided

C. is not being decided

D. has not been decided 10. People know that their health must ______. A. pay more attention

B. pay more attention to

C. be paid more attention

D. be paid more attention to

11. Great changes

________ in the city , and a lot of factories

________.

A. have been taken place; have been set up

B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up

D. were taken place; were set up 12. When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what _____.

A. have marked

B. have been mark C. had marked

D. have been marked 13. Betty____ injured since last Saturday.

A. has been

B. was

C. is

D. will be 14. This music _____ the Moonlight Sonata .

A. is listened to

B. is heard

C. is sounded like

D. sounds like 15. --The new hall is the tallest building in this town.

--_____from here?

A. Can it see

B. Can it be seen

C. Can it seen

D.

Can see

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