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初升高英语衔接教材任课教师:费文桂2018年6月30日2018初升高专题资料英语部分第一章词法衔接英语构词方法主要有三种:即合成法、派生法和转化法。 1、合成法:将两个或两个以上的单词合成在一起而构成的新词,叫做合成词。(1)合成形容词:English-speaking 讲英语的,man-made

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Learning about Language教案设计(一等奖)

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Learning about Language教案设计(一等奖)

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关键词:Learning about Language教案设计(一等奖)

正文

初

升

高

英

语

衔

接

教

材

任课教师:费文桂

2018年6月30日

2018初升高专题资料英语部分

第一章

词法衔接

英语构词方法主要有三种:即合成法、派生法和转化法。

1、合成法:

将两个或两个以上的单词合成在一起而构成的新词,叫做合成词。

(

1)合成形容词:English-speaking 讲英语的,man-made 人造的,snow-white,warm-hearted,funny-looking ,well-known,full-time,100-meter,10-year-old,one-eyed 独眼龙

(2)合成名词:bookshop,loudspeaker ,cookbook,

daybreak ,sleeping-car ,downpour ,sun-bathing,

mother-in-law 岳母

(3)合成动词:overthrow ,whitewash 粉刷,sleepwalk 梦游

(4)合成副词:beforehand 事先,hotfoot 匆忙地,outwards 向外 (5)合成介词:within在……之内,without没有,inside在……里边,into进入

(6)合成代词:myself我自己,ourselves我们自己,anyone任何人,nobody没有人nothing没东西,somebody有人。

2、派生法:所谓派生,即在词根上加前缀或后缀构成另一个与原意略有变化或截然相反的词。

(1)前缀:

前缀通常只改变词义,不改变词性。

A.

表示否定的前缀:un-, dis-, in/ im-, ir-, il-, mis-, non-,etc. unfit 不合适的,unhappy 不高兴的,disagree 不同意的,impossible 不可能的,irregular, illegal,misuse, non-stop,non-smoker

B.表示其他意义的前缀:

①re- 表示“再;又;重”,re-多重读,构成双重读词。 例:rewrite 重写

②a- 表示“的”,多构成表语形容词。 例:alone 单独的,alike 相像的

③tele- 表示“远程的”。 例:telephone 电话,television 电视

④en- 表示“使”,构成动词。 例:enlarge 扩大,enable 使能够

⑤inter- 表示“关系”。 例:Internet 因特网

international 国际的

(2)后缀:后缀通常改变词性,构成意思相近的其它词性的词;少数后缀同时会改变词义。

A.形容词性后缀:

1.-al 例:nation→national 民族的,国家的;nature→natural 自然的

2.-able 表示“有能力的” 例:eat→eatable 能吃的

3.-an/ian 表示“国家的,国家人的”。

例:America→American 美国(人)的

4.-ern 表示“方向的”。

例:east→eastern

东方的,south→southern南方的

5.-ful 例:beauty→beautiful 美丽的,care→careful 小心的

6.-less 表示否定 例:care→careless

粗心的,use→useless 无用的

7.-ic/ical 例:electricity→electric/electrical 电的

8.-ese 表示“人的”。 例:China→Chinese 中国(人)的

9.-ly 例:friend→friendly 友好的,year→yearly 每年的

10.-y 表示“天气”等。 例:cloud→cloudy 多云的,dust→dusty 多尘的

11.-ous 例:famous 著名的,continuous 连续不断的

12.-ish 例:childish 孩子气的,selfish 自私的

13.-en 例:golden 金色的,wooden 木制的,woolen 羊毛的

14.-ive 例:active 积极的,collective 集体的 B.动词后缀:

1.-fy 例:beauty→beautify 美化

2.-en 例:wide→widen 加宽,sharp→sharpen

削

,loose→loosen 使松散

C.副词后缀

1.-ly 例:bad→badly 坏地,easy→easily 容易地

2.-ward 表示“方向”。 例:backward 向后,eastward 向东

D.名词后缀:

1.-ment 例:agree→agreement

协议,move→movement 运动

2.-ness 例:happy→happiness 幸福,busy→business 事务

3.-tion 例:explain→explanation 解释,dictate→dictation 听写

4。-er 表示“人”。 例:work→worker 工人,buy→buyer 买主

5.-or 表示“人”。 例:act→actor 演员,sail→sailor 海员

6.-ist 表示“人”。例:piano→pianist 钢琴家,science→scientist 科学家

7.-ess 表示“人或动物”,指阴性。 例:actress 女演员,lioness 母狮子

8.-ful 表示“量”。 例:mouthful 一口,handful 一把

9.-th 例:true→truth 真理,long→length 长度

E.数词后缀

1.-teen 构成“十几”。 例:five→fifteen 十五

2.-ty 构成“几十”。 例:nine→ninty 九十,five→fifty 五十

3.-th 构成序数词。 例:five→fifth 第五,six→sixth 第六

3、转化法: 英语单词的词性非常活跃,名词用作动词,动词转化为名词,形容词用作动词等现象非常普遍,这种把一种词性用作另一种词性的方式就叫做词性的转化。阅读中经常出现转化词,只要抓住单词的原始意思,结合句子成分,就容易弄清它们的引申义。下面就将一些常见的变化列举如下:

(1)动词转化为名词: A.有大量动词可以转化为名词,有时意思没变化。

We stopped there for a swim. 我们在那停下来游了一会儿泳。

B.有时意思有一定的变化。

Women have an equal say in everything. 妇女在各个方面都有同等的发言权。

(2)名词转化为动词

A.有相当多的名词可以用作动词,特别是许多表示物体的名词用作动词来表示动作

Have you booked your ticket? 你的票订好了吗?

B.一些表示身体某部位的名词也可以作为动词

Hand in your book,please. 请把书交上来。

C.一些表示某类人的名词也可做动词

If so,we shall be badly fooled. 如果这样我们就会上大当。

D.一些表示其它实物的名词也可用作动词

Each apartment can house a family of six. 每套房间可以住一户六口人的人家。

E.此外,还有一些抽象名词可以用作动词

Through my childhood,I had hungered for education. 我从小就盼望上学。

(3)形容词转化为动词,有少数形容词也可以用作动词。

The train slowed down to half its speed. 火车速度减慢了一半。

This will help warm up the soil. 这可以帮助土地暖和起来。

第二章

基础词汇衔接

说到记忆单词,这可是同学们普遍感到头疼的事。尤其是现行的新教材词汇量扩大了不少,记忆的难度就更大了。记不住单词,学好英语就无从谈起。所以突破单词这一难关非常关键。记忆单词的方法很多。下面列举几种主要的记忆方法:

1.按读音记忆单词。实际上在你看单词时就要顺便看一眼音标,掌握字母及字母组合的读音规律。将所有符合规则的单词归类记忆。如:①按开、闭音节记忆,掌握元音字母的读音。Bag: cat, map, sad;cake: name, plane, date; desk: next, set, step, let; these: Chinese, Japanese; hit:

big, ship, this, kill; like: side, nice, kite,mine ; not: dog, hot, stop, got; nose: note, those, close, hole ; bus: nut, cup, rubber, dust; use: huge等。②按字母组合记忆,掌握元音字母组合和辅音字母组合的读音,如:bee, meet, see, keep等等,ee字母组合读/i:/;chair, ch字母组合读/tS / 。

2.分音节记忆。单词不论长短,如果从第一个字母背到最后一个字母,是很难记忆的。如:information,共11个字母组成,可以把它“大卸八块”,分音节记忆就会很容易。in-for-ma-tion 3.音、形、义结合法: 背单词将它的音、形、义结合起来,记忆牢固,速度也快。读准它的音,看好它的形,明白它的义,尤其是一词多义,记忆时要提高分辨率。如:orange是个兼类词,作可数名词意思是“桔子”;作形容词意思是“桔色的”;作不可数名词意思是“桔汁”。可读音只有一个/'orindJ/,词形一样。这样有意识地去分辨记忆就容易多了。

4.联想记忆来记单词。它主要包括以下几种形式:

①

对比联想记忆:

同义词: study/learn(学习),big/large/great(大的),look/see/watch(看),hear/listen(听),good/fine/well/nice(好的) 反义词: 如:big(大) →small(小),dear(昂贵) →cheap(便宜),hot(热) →cold(冷),slow(慢) →quick/fast(快),thin(瘦) →(胖)

同音词: too(也) →two(二),for(为) →four(四),right(正确) →write(写),by(乘) →buy(买),blue(蓝色的) →blew(blow的过去式) 词形相近比较:want(想要)→wait(等待),read(读)→ready(准备好的),wall(墙) →walk(走)等放到一起对比记忆。

同时还可以联想到一些义同形不同的词。如:由cost联想到pay,take和spend,并将这些意义相对、相同或读音相同的词的用法进行比较。

②归类联想记忆:把所学的单词按照不同的范畴分门别类, 将所学单词合理归类。

A.按词性归类。如:名词driver, name…,动词be, have, drive…, 形容词careful, happy…,副词carefully, happily…,介词in, on at…,代词he, she, him, her…等。

B.按用途归类。如:服装类coat, shirt, skirt, sweater, shoes… ,运动类football, basketball, race, sport…,交通类traffic, bus, car, taxi, train, plane, ship等。

③构词联想记忆:利用同根词(词形转换)联想记忆,注意词性。英语单词中有许多词具有一词多性的特点,如open既可作动词用,又可作形容词用。另一些词具有同一个词根,如单词care既具备名词性质又具备动词性质,它的同根词有careful,carefully,careless,

carelessly,对于这些词,我们应重点记忆。再如:north→ northern,noise→noisy→noisily等。利用合成词联想记忆,如

moonlight是由moon和light这两个词合成。

④搭配联想记忆:以一个单词为中心搭配不同的词而构成新的短语。这种语言现象非常多,如能经常使用此法则会牢固地记住所学的短语。如:含make的短语有:make room for 为……. 让地方, make sentences with 用……造句, made a face or made faces 做鬼脸, be made in在…制造

, be made of由…制成, make tea沏茶, make friends with 与……交朋友, make up编出, made a mistake出差错, make sure确保,确信, make a noise吵闹

(5)记忆单词还要靠勤奋,抓住零散时间进行记忆。

(6)学好英语做好课前预习和课后复习也是十分重要的。

第二章

句子衔接

句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

主语:句子说明的人或事物,在句子中的位置是放在句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。可以作主语的词类有名词、代词、数词、不定式以及词组、从句等等。

e.g. The boys are playing football now.

名词作主语

Two and two are four.

数词作主语

To learn a foreign language is very useful. 动词不定式作主语

This is a key. 代词作主语。

The sun rises in the east.

(名词) He likes dancing.

(代词)

Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing.

(动名词)

To see is to believe.

(不定式)

What he needs is a book. (主语从句)

It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.

(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语

During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)

We often speak English in class.(代词)

One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)

To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)

Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)

The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)

When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)

It is necessary to master a foreign language(.it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)

谓语:说明主语的动作、状态和特征,谓语放在主语之后,动词作谓语,包括及物动词,不及物动词,系动词。

1、

简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如:He practices running every morning. We study English.

2、复合谓语:

(a)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。

如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.

(b)由系动词加表语构成。

如:His brother is a doctor.他哥哥是医生。

Mr. Smith became angry.史密斯先生生气了。

We are students. The girl felt cold. He is a teacher.

表语:放在谓语之后,表示主语的性质、状态和特征,结构是:主语+谓语(系动词)+表语。用作表语的词有名词,代词,数词,形容词,副词,不定式,词组,从句等

e.g. We are students. 名词作表语 This desk is hers. 代词作表语

Lee is fifteen. 数词作表语 Sarah’s car looks nice. 形容词作表语

Our plan is to plant trees. 动词不定式作表语 Is your father in? 表示地点的副词作表语

宾语:宾语是动作的承受者。及物动词以及相当于及物动词的短语后都必须带宾语。

介词宾语:介词之后的宾语叫介词宾语。

宾语的构成:名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、-ing形式、动词不定式和从句等均可作宾语。

例:The teacher asked the students to finish the homework after class.

老师让学生们课下完成作业。

I don’t know when they will arrive.我不知道他们何时到达。

He wanted to buy that T-shirt.他想买那件T恤衫。

They are having a party in the garden.他们正在花园里开聚会。

(1)

名词作宾语

Show your passport, please. 请出示护照。

I like fruits very much. 我非常喜欢水果。

(2)

代词作宾语

He didn’t say anything. 他什么也没说。

Please call me this evening. 请今晚给我打电话。

(3)

数词作宾语

How many do you want? - I want two. 你要几个?-

我要两个。

(4)

名词化的形容词作宾语

They sent the injured to hospital. 他们把伤员送到医院。

(5)

不定式或-ing形式作宾语

They asked to see my passport. 他们要求看我的护照。

I enjoy working with you. 我和你们一道工作很愉快。

(6)

从句作宾语

Did you write down what he said? 你把他的话记下了没有?

什么是双宾语?

英语中,有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,动作的承受者,即指物的叫做直接宾语,动作是为谁做的或是对谁做的,即指人的叫做间接宾语,这两个宾语称为“双宾语”。

双宾句子结构1:“主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”。如:

My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑。a computer(直接宾语)me(间接宾语)

Pass me the salt, please. 把盐递给我。the salt(直接宾语)

me(间接宾语)

They asked me to sing them a song. 他们要我给他们唱一支歌。a song(直接宾语)

them(间接宾语)。

双宾句子结构2:主语+及物动词+直接宾语+to +间接宾语

I’ll lend you something to read. →I’ll lend something to read to you.

我要借点什么东西给你看。

He only allowed us two hours to pack up. →

He only allowed two hours to pack up to us. 他只给我们两个小时来收拾行李。

She sent us a postcard. →

She sent a postcard to us.她寄给我们一张明信片。

以下这类双宾语动词可以改写成带to的句子。

give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach, promise, award, accord, grant, owe, refuse, deny 双宾句子结构3:主语+及物动词+直接宾语+for

+间接宾语

I hope you will do me a favour.→

I hope you will do a favour for me. 我希望你能帮我做一件事。

Let’s get the children something to drink. →

Let’s get something for the children to drink.咱们去给孩子们找点喝的东西。

Mother made him a coat. →

Mother made a coat for him.妈妈给他做了一件大衣。

以下这类双宾语动词可以改写成带for的句子。

make, buy, do, fetch, get, paint, play, save, reserve, spare, order, cook, sing, find

【模拟试题】(答题时间:10分钟)

一. 挑出下列句中的宾语

①

My brother hasn’t done his homework.

②

People all over the world speak English. ③

You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④

How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤

Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥

The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ⑦

They made him monitor of the class. ⑧

Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. ⑨

You will find it useful after you leave school. ⑩

They didn’t know who “Father Christmas” really is.

二. 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

①

Please tell us a story. ②

My father bought a new bike for me last week. ③

Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. ④

Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. ⑤

Did he leave any message for me? 宾语补足语:

英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,否则

句子意思就不完整。

用以补充说明宾语,并与宾语一起构成复合宾语的句子成分,叫做宾语补足语。可以做宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、分词以及介词短语等。

例:You must keep the room clean and tidy.你必须保持房间干净和整洁。

People saw him running away.人们看到他跑了。

Don’t leave your car there. It’s not a parking area. 别把你的车停在那儿,那不是停车场。

Let me put this bag on the desk.让我把这个包放在桌子上。

什么是复合宾语?

宾语和宾语补足语合称为“复合宾语”。

句子结构为:“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”。

如:He made us

laugh.他使我们哈哈大笑。

复合宾语(1)

宾语

+ 不定式

The doctor advised Mary to have more exercise. 医生建议玛丽多锻炼。

I’ll get someone else to do it. 我要找别人来做这件事。

I should prefer you not to change your plan. 我倒情愿你们不要改变计划。

复合宾语(2)

宾语

+ 动词-ing形式

Did you smell something burning? 你闻到什么东西烧焦了吗?

I could feel my heart beating violently. 我可以感觉到心跳得很厉害。

He kept them working all day. 他让他们整天干活。

复合宾语(3)

宾语

+ 过去分词

They found the room crowded with people. 他们发现屋子里挤满了人。

We had the photograph taken when we were working in the field.

这照片是我们在地里干活时照的。

He acknowledged himself defeated.

他承认自己失败了。

复合宾语(4)

宾语

+ 名词

They made him captain of the ship. 他们让他当了船长。

We must keep it a secret. 我们必须保密。

That year his mother died, leaving him an orphan.

那年他母亲去世了,使他成为孤儿。

适合这个句式的有以下动词

call, name, make, elect, appoint, nominate, christen, crown, think, consider, count, leave 复合宾语(5)

宾语

+ 形容词

He proved himself worthy of confidence. 他证明自己是值得信赖的。

Why don’t you dye it blue? 你干吗不把它染成蓝色?

Let’s get everything ready in time. 咱们按时把一切准备好。

适合这个句式的有以下动词: make, paint, dye, get (ready), cut (short), set (free), keep, drive (mad), find, want, hold ( responsible), wish, like, see, imagine, turn, beat (black and blue), boil (hard), suppose, prove, think, believe, consider, leave, shout (hoarse)

复合宾语用法要点

1、常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有:keep, make, find等。如:We must keep our classroom clean.

2、常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有:call, name, make, think等。如:We call them mooncakes.

3、常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有:see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如:In the country, we can hear birds singing.

4、常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有:keep, find, leave等。如:I left my pen on my desk at home.

5、常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask, tell, want, teach, wish等,如,She often asks me to help her.;接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:see, watch, hear, make, let等。如:I often see him play football.

注:help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。

如:I often help my mother(to) do some housework. 怎样区分“双宾语”和“复合宾语”?

看宾语与其后面的成分之间的关系:如果宾语与其后成分之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系(或主表关系),那么该动词所接的是复合宾语,否则就是双宾语。如:Who kept you waiting so long? (宾语you与waiting之间存在着主谓关系,因此you waiting是复合宾语。

定语:是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子的句子成分,汉语中常用’……的’表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something、nothing);或不定式、分词短语作定语、介词短语、从句作定语时,则定语通常置后; 副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。

充当定语的词有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、介词短语、动名词、

分词(短语)以及从句。

例:I still got a lot of work to do.我还有很多工作要做。

My father told me to study hard.我父亲告诉我要努力学习。

The woman in the blue coat is my mother.那个穿蓝色外套的人是我妈妈。

What a sunny day! 多晴朗的天!

It’s about ten minutes’ walk from here. 距这里大约步行十分钟。

1)形容词作定语:

The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.) 小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔。

Tom is a handsome boy. Tom是个英俊的男孩。

There is a good boy.有个乖男孩。

2)数词作定语:相当于形容词:

Two boys need two pens.两个男孩需要两支钢笔。

The two boys are students.这两个男孩是学生。

There are two boys in the room.房间里有两个男孩。

3)代词或名词所有格作定语:

That boy needs Tom’s pen.那个男孩需要Tom的钢笔。

His name is Tom.他的名字是汤姆。

There are two boys of Toms’ there.那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。

4)介词短语作定语:

The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。

The boy in blue is Tom. 穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。

There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩。

5)名词作定语:

The boy needs a ball pen.男孩需要一支圆珠笔。

It is a train ticket.这是一张火车票。

Pat is a college student. 帕特是个大学生。

名词作定语(1)

在多数情况下,名词作定语一般要用单数形式

banana trees 香蕉树

newspaper boys 报童

country lanes 乡间小道

名词作定语(2)

有的名词作定语时要和后面的中心词在数的方面取得一致。

man cook (men cooks) 男厨师

woman teacher (women teachers) 女教师

名词作定语(3)

有的名词作定语时,只能用复数形式

sales man 售货员

sales department 销售部

goods train 货车

reservations desk 服务台

sports jacket 运动服

glasses frame 眼镜框

savings bank 储蓄所

名词作定语(4)

含有连字符的复合名词作定语,只能用单数形式

three-leg table

三只脚的桌子

thirty-page report

30页的报告

four-week course

四个星期的课程

five-mile trip

五英里的路途

one-dollar book

一美元的书

three-act play

三幕戏剧

6)副词作定语:

The boy there needs a pen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。

The best boy here is Tom.这里最棒的男孩是Tom。

7)不定式作定语:

The boy to write this letter needs a pen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。

The boy to write this letter is Tom.将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。

There is nothing to do today.今天无事要做。

8)分词(短语)作定语:

The smiling boy has a pen bought by his mother. 那个微笑的男孩有一支他妈妈买的钢笔。

The pen bought by her is made in China.她买的笔是中国产的。

There are five boys left.有五个留下的男孩。

9)定语从句:

The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.

那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。

The boy you will know is Tom. 你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。

There are five boys who will play the game. 参加游戏的男孩有五个。

状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:w。w。w

Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)

He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)

He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语)

He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)

Wait a minute.(名词)

Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)

状语种类如下:

How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)

Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)

I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)

Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)

She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)

She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)

In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)

He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)

She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)

I am taller than he is.(比较状语)

练习1 一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:

1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!

5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist. 11. He managed to finish the work in time. 12. Tom came to ask me for advice. 13. He found it important to master English. 14. Do you have anything else to say? 15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good. 16. Would you please tell me your address? 17. He sat there, reading a newspaper. 18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 19. He noticed a man enter the room. 20. The apples tasted sweet.

s练习2 一、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①

She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. ②

He asked her to take the boy out of school. ③

She found it difficult to do the work. ④

They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤

I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. ⑥

Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

二、挑出下列句中的定语

①

They use Mr. or Mrs. with the family name. ②

What is your given name? ③

On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. ④

I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. ⑤

The man downstairs was trying to sleep. ⑥

I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

请同学们通过阅读课文来体会各种句子成分在交流中的实际应用情况,仔细体会它们和句子含义之间的关系。同时,如果同学们把课文中的每句话的结构都分析得比较透彻,背诵课文就轻而易举了。

练习一 试题答案:

一、1、主语,定语;2、间接宾语;3、谓语,状语;4、定语;5、状语,状语;6、定语,表语;7、宾语,状语;8、谓语,主语;9、谓语;10、主语,表语;11、谓语,宾语;12、状语;13、形式宾语,真正宾语;14、宾语、定语;15、插入语,状语;16、宾语(间宾+直宾);17、状语,状语;18、形式主语,表语,宾补;19、宾补;20、表语

练习二 试题答案

一、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①

She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. ②

He asked her to take the boy out of school. ③

She found it difficult to do the work. ④

They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤

I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. ⑥

Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

二、挑出下列句中的定语

①

They use Mr. or Mrs. with the family name. ②

What is your given name? ③

On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. ④

I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. ⑤

The man downstairs was trying to sleep. ⑥

I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

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来自:学校:重庆市江津第八中学校

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