Learning about Language教案设计

Book 4

Unit 2 Working the land The second period

Learning about Language

(The v–ing form as the Subject & Object)

Teaching aims: Knowledge and skills 1. Help students master the usage of v-ing form as subject and object. 2. Help students master some important words and phrases. 3. Help them master important sentence patterns. Procedure and methods Master important words, phrases and sentence patterns by learning. Emotion attitude and values Introduce Yuan Longping by using what we will learn. Teaching important and difficult points. Teaching important points. 1. master the usage of v-ing form as subject and object.

2. master some important words and phrases. 3. master important sentence patterns. Teaching difficult points. How to master the usage of v-ing form as subject and object. Teaching and learning methods. Teaching methods explanation and practice Learning methods Co-operation, interview

Teaching procedures Step 1 Warming up Language is learned in context. So first let’s review the text learned yesterday by reading it aloud. Pay attention to the important words, phrases and sentences. Step 2 Important and difficult language points 1. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. it 在句中作形式宾语，possible 是宾语补足语, 真正的宾语为to produce…, 这个结构为：动词（find, make, feel, think, regard, consider…）+it + adj. / n + to do. 2. Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. devote...to 中的to是介词，后必须接代词,名词或动名词(v-ing)．类似的短语还有be used to,

get down to,

look forward to,

stick to,

be sentenced to, refer to,

pay attention to , lead to, point to, turn to

3. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvest without expanding the area of fields. search

强调搜查，一般表示目标明确,范围较小。

search

for

强调寻找，

一般表示范围较大。

search sb. 搜身；

search for sb.

寻找某人

search some place 搜查某地

search sb. for sth.

指在某人身上搜寻东西

4. Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger. thanks to=because of ; owing to

5. Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.

倍数词（twice/half/three times/a quarter）+as + 形容词原级

+as …表示“是…的多少倍”。

Step 3 Learning about grammar 1. Read the text about Yuan Longping again, paying attention to the sentences which use the –ing form as the subject and object.

In the sentence “Wishing for things, however, cost nothing. “the –ing is used as subject.

It can be also used as object of the sentence. For example: Yuan Longping likes playing his violin.

2. Consolidation To consolidate your understanding, you will be given 10 minutes to go over Exercise 1,2,3 and 4 on Page 12 and 13.

Step 4 Ready used materials for The –ing form as the Subject & Object

语法学习——动名词

1. 动名词作主语

(1) 名词直接放在句首作主语。例如：

Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries. 用右手握手是许多国家的一种习俗。

(2) 动名词在“It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure 等名词

+ doing”结构中作主语，it为形式主语。

It is no use arguing with him about/over this matter.

和他争论这个问题是没有用的。

(3) 动名词在“It is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile 等形容词

+ doing”结构中作主语。

It is useless complaining about the living conditions.

抱怨生活条件是没有用的。

(4) 动名词在“There is(was) no + doing”结构中作主语。

There is no denying that global warming is becoming more and more serious. 不可否认全球变暖越来越严重。

2. 动名词作宾语

(1) 有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词有：

admit 承认；

practise 练习；

appreciate 欣赏；

finish 完成；

prevent 防止；

avoid 避免；forbid 禁止；

imagine 想象；

risk 冒险；

dislike 讨厌；

mind 在意；

suggest 建议；

enjoy 喜欢；

escape 逃避；permit 允许

(2) 有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词短语有：

can’t stand 忍不住；

can’t help 忍不住；

feel like 想，欲；

give up 放弃；

put off 推迟

(3) 动名词常跟在介词或介词短语后作宾语。常这样用的介词短语有：

instead of, look forward to, object to, keep on, see about, take to 等。

(4) 在“have difficulty (trouble, problem, a hard time, fun, a good time) (+in) + 动名词；

be busy (in) + 动名词；waste time (in) + 动名词；lost time (in) + 动名词；There is no point (in) + 动名词”等结构中，动名词做介词宾语，in常要省去。

(5) 在复合宾语中，用it作形式宾语，将动名词短语放在后面。例如：

I consider it a waste of time arguing about it.

我认为辩论这事是很浪费时间的。

(6) 在“there be”结构当中，be为动名词时，该结构也是一种带逻辑主语的动名词形式。例如：

Were you disappointed at there not having been more gifts? 你对没有更多的礼物感到失望吗？

3. 动名词的被动式

(1) 动词need, require, want, deserve后，用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。其用法相当于不定式的被动结构。

Your hair wants cutting.

你的头发该理了。

(2) 在(be)worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。

The book is worth reading.

这本书值得一读。

课堂作业

1. The thieves are ____________________the hidden treasure in the museum. (搜寻) 2. The number of the students in our school is ___________________________ in their school.(我们学校学生的数量是他们学校的两倍。) 3. It is reported that the United States uses ___ energy as the whole of Europe.

A. as twice

B. twice much

C. twice much as

D. twice as much 4. ________ along the river alone calmed him down.(沿河边独自行走使他的心平静了下来。) 5. It is a good pleasure ________ _______a child.和孩子聊天真有意思。

6. We can imagine______ ________ a lot of fuss about it. (我们可以想象到人们对此大惊小怪。) 7. The floor requires________. (地板需要冲洗。) 8. The book is worth______.

(这本书值得一读。) 参考答案：1. searching for

2. twice as large as that 3. D

4. Walking

5. chatting with

6. there being

7. washing

8. Reading Step 5 Homework 1.

Do the exercises in your exercise book. 2.

Preview the readng text on page 14.