Learning about Language教案设计

一划二括三会意，轻松理解长难句

Learning contents 1. The formation of a long sentence

2. Three steps to analyze long sentences.

3. Exercises on long sentences.

Section One: 仔细观察下列句子，感知长难句是怎么变来的？

He works hard. He works hard for a company. He works hard for a company which was founded in 2002.

Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2002.

Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2002 and most of his workmates show great respect for him. 句子复杂的主要原因：_______________________________________________________________________ 归纳: The formation of a long sentence:

1. _______（五大基本句型）: ________,

_________,

________,

________, ＿＿＿＿＿

2. modifiers: prepositional phrases（_________）, ___________, non-predicate verbs（非谓语）

3. parallel structures（平行并列结构）

(A and B;

A, B, and C) 结论：理解长难句=抓主干+找“三长一并列”

Section Two: Three steps to analyze a long sentence：

一划: 找主干，给主谓(宾/表…)分别划______。注意并列结构。

1.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world that is far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the one we can see and hear.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷D篇)

2. Bed that are too small, shower heads(淋浴喷头) that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room（腿部空间）all make life difficult for those of above average height. 二括：给修饰成分，即介短, 非谓和从句加(

)。

3. Two of the authors of the review made a study published in 2014 which showed a five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. (2018全国Ⅰ卷). 三会意：抓主题,懂大意,隐含信息要注意。

4. The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. (2018年全国Ⅰ卷D篇)

Main idea: _____________________________________________________________________

长难句分析口诀

长难句，不咋地。

一划二括三会意。

主谓宾，先注意。（一划）

(介短非谓和从句)。（二括）

抓主题，找重点。

隐含信息要注意。（三会意）

Section Three: Practice(一划，二括，三会意) (Discuss with your partners) 1.

In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day.

(2018年全国Ⅰ卷▪B篇) 2.

In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. (2018年全国Ⅰ卷C篇)

3.

This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. (2017年全国Ⅰ卷) 4.

By translating the rich and humorous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Definitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷A篇)

1

Section Four: Practice＆Application (Discuss and find out the answers) 1. The movement, which is believed to have started in Prince George’s school in South London, isn’t intended to discourage close friendships, but rather encourage a wider friend group, Greenberg says.

(2019年茂名一模B篇)

Why do schools ban the term “best friends”?

A. To make students concentrate on their studies.

B. To encourage students to make more friends.

C. To prevent students from falling in love at a young age.

D. To discourage students from having a close relationship. 2.Filled with air, they will float on the ocean’s surface, and have screens hanging down below forming a huge floating container to catch the plastic rubbish that gathers together when moved by the currents(水流).

(2019年分科综合模拟测试六C篇)

What is used to take in the plastic rubbish? A. The long tube

B. The screens

C. The floating currents

D. The tiny container 3. Back in 1983, as two scientists reported, young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷D篇)

What does a plant do when it is under attack?

A. It makes noise.

B. It gets help from other plants.

C. It stands quietly.

D. It sends out certain chemicals.

4. Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. (2016年全国Ⅲ卷B篇)

What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?

A. They live in big cities.

B. They are mostly women.

C. They come from real life.

D. They are pleasure seekers. 5. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund (our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor). (2018年全国Ⅲ卷D篇)

What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?

A. Saving up for her holiday.

B. Raising money for a poor girl.

C. Adding the money to her fund. D. Giving the money to a sick mother.

6. In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations, including UNESCO and National Geographic, have for many years been recording dying languages and the culture which they reflect.

(2014年全国Ⅰ卷D篇)

Many scholars are making efforts to ______ A. promote global languages.

B. rescue the disappearing languages.

C. search for languages communities.

D. set up languages research organizations. 7. The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida. (2015年全国I卷

C篇

)

What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Artworks.

B. Projects.

C. Donations.

D. Documents.

Section Five: homework 1. (2018年全国Ⅱ卷▪C篇) According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”

2.(2018年全国Ⅱ卷▪D篇) We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. 3.(2017全国Ⅱ卷D篇) For many older people who lived in the country, driving was very important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out without having to rely on others. 4.(2017全国Ⅱ卷C篇）Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show.

5.(2017全国Ⅱ卷B篇）We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back —

he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.

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