Learning about Language特级教师教学实录

一、动词-ing形式作主语

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动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首。例如：

Listening to music is my sister’s hobby. ●

动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构：

1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing 2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of …

etc. + v-ing 例如：

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

二、动词-ing形式作宾语

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动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。

1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语：

admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。

2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语：

be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。

3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：

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like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：如果like, love, prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。如：Would you like to go shopping with me? ●

下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：

forget doing 忘记已做过某事；

forget to do 忘记要做某事

remember doing 记得做过某事；

remember to do 记住要做某事

mean doing 意思是，意味着；

mean to do 打算做

regret doing 后悔做过某事;

regret to do 遗憾要做某事

can’t help doing 禁不住做；

can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。

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在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：

We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.

We don’t allow students to smoke.

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动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。如：

Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.

三、动词-ing的复合结构

动词-ing的复合结构即：物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。如：

Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.

Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone?

四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式

(having done) 两种时态，一般式的被动语态是being done，完成式的被动语态是having been done。动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。例如：

I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.

【巩固练习】

单项填空。

1. The suggestion they all objected to ________ very effective finally. A. proved

B. proving

C. prove

D. to prove 2. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had

B. Having had

C. Have

D. Having 3. — What made you so happy? —

________ the first prize. A. Get

B. Getting

C. Got

D. To get 4. I really appreciate ________ a great effort to help me out of the trouble. A. you to take

B. your to take

C. your taking

D. your being taken 5. I still remember ________ to see films in the open air when I was small. A. to take

B. taking

C. being taken

D. to be taken 6. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ________. A. need repairing

B. needs to repair C. needs repairing

D. need to repair 7. — You did very well at the meeting, Black. —

Well, I regret ________ that to the boss. A. say

B. to say

C. said

D. having said 8. It is worth considering what makes ”convenience” foods so popular, and ________ better ones of your own. A. introduces

B. to introduce

C. introducing

D. introduced

Key: 1–4 ADBC

5–8 CADC