Learning about Language教学设计第一课时

Grammar:现在分词-ing 教学设计

Learning aims 1. To grasp the usages of the –ing form and the –ing phrase. 2. To grasp the usages of the perfect and passive form 3. To finish some exercises about the –ing form. Learning procedures: Step 1. Identifying the functions of the –ing form.（说一千，道一万，学语法关键是记住语法规则）

1. Read the points on page 28 and page 30 as carefully as you can and remember the different functions of the –ing form.（记住the v —ing 形式的语法功能。A级）

2. Read and study the examples below each point on P28 and P30, then be able to identify the functions of the –ing form.（区分v —ing 在句子中的语法功能。B级）

3. Read and study the following sentences and point out the different functions of the –ing form.（C级）

1). A waiting taxi is around the corner. Go and take it. ________________ 2). We all found the film very interesting. _______________ 3). I heard someone playing the violin in the next room. __________________ 4). They came into the classroom, talking. ______________ 5). I watched the athletes jumping into the swimming pool. __________ 6). The news was really exciting. __________ 7). The smiling boy ran to his mother. ______________ 8). The boy sat on the sofa watching TV. ____________ 9). The woman coming to dinner this evening works in the bank. ___________ 10). Having finished his homework, he sat down to watch TV. ______________

Step 2. Grammatical functions of v-ing

★V-ing used as attribute: 1. a running man 2. The man running in the picture is Liu Xiang. 3. The man running fastest got the first place. 4. The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang. ◆学习小结：

(1) V-ing形式作定语可表示动作正在进行（如例1、2）或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主动关系（如例3）。

(2) 单个V-ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之前（如例1）；V-ing词组修饰名词则置于名词之后（如例2、3），此时相当于一个定语从句（如例4）。

an _____ evening (激动人心的夜晚) an _____ crosstalk (有趣的相声) the farmers ________ (在田间劳作的农民) the meeting ________ (持续半个小时的会议)

★V–ing used as predicative v-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，现在分词作表语,相当于形容词,表示主语的性质 The film is interesting. The result is _____________.(令人意外的) ◆学习小结：作表语的现在分词常常由下列动词转化而来：

★V-ing used as Object Complement 1. We saw some students playing basketball on the playground. 2. I heard him singing in the next room. 3.They have the fire burning all night.

◆学习小结：V-ing形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后，表示一个正在进行的动作（如例1、2），或强调一个过程或一种状态。（如例3）

V-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词: (1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有 see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to 等

(2)表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：

我发现地板上放着一个包。 I ___________________on the ground.(find; lie) 那老板让工人整夜地工作。 The boss ___________________________the whole night. (keep; work) ★V-ing used as an adverb: V-ing词组可以在句中充当时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、伴随、让步等状语，相当状语从句

1. v-ing短语作时间状语一般置于句首。如：

Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。

__________________________, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 =___________________________ I decided to write back. 2. v-ing短语作原因状语一般置于句首。如：

Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. =Because he was so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。

因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。

____________________________________________, he didn’t go last week. _________________________________________________________, he didn’t go last week. 3. v-ing短语作结果状语，常位于句末，用逗号与主句隔开，如

His parents died, . 他父亲死了，留下他一个孤儿。

4. v-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：

Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功

起早一点，否则你赶不上第一班公交车。

____________, you won’t catch the first bus. =___________, you won’t catch the first bus. 5.V-ing作伴随状语

They come into the classroom singing and laughing. =They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom. 他们又唱有笑地走进教室。 He sat at the table _________.(吃晚饭) 温馨提示：切记现在分词的逻辑主语通常为句子的主语，否则应用分词独立结构或状语从句。

练一练：Choose the correct sentence. 1. a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face. b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly. 2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it. 3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. 4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking. Step3.分词在谚语中的应用

Seeing is believing.（眼见为实在）

Let sleeping dogs lie.（别弄醒睡着的狗/别惹事生非）

A rising tide lifts all boats.（水涨众船高）

No living man all thing can.(世上没有万事通)

Step4

随堂检测

(1)There was a terrible noise _________the sudden burst of light. A. followed

B. following C .to be followed

D. being followed (2)He saw a _________bird and raised his bow. A. fly

B. flying C. flew

D. to be flying (3)I was satisfied with the _________ speech. A. excite

B. exciting C. excited

D. be excited (4)The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _________that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add

C. adding

D. added (5)European football is played in more than 80 countries,_________ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making

B. makes C. made

D. to make (6)_________ from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. Saw D. To be seeing (7)Soon they could see the steam _________from the wet clothes. A. rise B. rising

C. risen D. be rising (8)The missing boys were last seen _________ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing

C. play

D. to play

(9)With his lips still _________,he couldn’t say a word. A. trembling B. tremble

C. to tremble D. to be trembling

(10)_________ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed

【Summary】

1.现在分词的时态和语态。 2.现在分词的功能。

【Practice】

语法练习

一、改写句子

1. It seems impossible to save money now. =______ ______ now seems impossible. 2. When he woke up, he found he was lying in bed. = When he woke up, he found _____ ______ in bed. 3. I would rather stay at home than go shopping with Mom. =I _____ _______at home ______ _____shopping with Mom. 4. As soon as he arrived, my father hugged Albert and tried to give him courage = _____ _____, my father hugged Albert and tried to give him courage. 5. If time permits, I’ll attend your wedding ceremony. =_______ _______, I’ll attend your wedding ceremony. 二、真题再现

(注：本练习中编成了填空题+选择题。

) 1.（2010安徽30）He had wonderful childhood, _____ (travel)with his mother to all corners of the word 2. (2010福建25) Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, ________(send) supplies to Yushu, Oinghai province after the earthquake.

3. （2010北京21） _____ (look) at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. 4.（2010北京25）I'm calling to enquire about the position _________ (advertise)in yesterday's China Daily. 5.（2010湖南21）Listen! Do you hear someone _______ (call)for help? 6.（2010湖南26) Dina, ________ (struggle)for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. 7.（2010湖南30) So far nobody has claimed the money ________ in the library. 8.（2010江苏28) The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,________ (enable) the students to return to their classrooms．

9.（2010江西24) The lady welled around the shops, __________(keep) an eye out for bargains. 10.（2010江西32) There were many talented actors out there just waiting________ (discover). 11.（2010辽宁25) We were astonished _______ (find) the temple still in its original condition．

12.（2010辽宁35) Alexander tried to get his work _______ (recognize) in the medical circles. 13.（2010全国Ⅱ11) Though ______ (surprise) to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. 14.（2010全国新课标27) Mrs．White showed her students some old maps ______ (borrow) from the library．

15.（2010全国新课标34) With Father’s Day around the corner ,I have taken some money out of the bank ______ (buy) presents for my dad．

16.（2010山东23) I have a lot of readings _____ (complete) before the end of this term．

17.（2010山东29) The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ (lay) for a meal to be cooked．

18.（2010陕西16)_____ (see)from the top of the tower ,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees ． 19.（2010陕西19)His first book _________(publish) next month is based on a true story． 20.（2010上海32)I had great difficulty_________(find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. 21.（2010上海33)Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ______(amuse)with her stories. 22.（2010上海35) _________the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height．

23.（2010上海40)Thai is the only way we can imagine _______ (reduce) the overuse of water in students' bathrooms． 24.（2010四川4)A great number of students ________(question) said they were forced to practice the piano． 25.（2010天津12)I rained heavily in the south, _______ (cause )serious flooding in several provinces.

26.（2010浙江8)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ______ (carry) out regularly, can improve our health．

27.（2010浙江20）The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _______ (weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat．

28.（2010重庆30)The news shocked the public, ________ (lead) to great concern about students’ safety at school. 29.（2010重庆34)Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ______(repair)first is the library. 30.(2010福建34)In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _______ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud．

31.(2011全国卷27) The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house. A.rose B.rising C. to rise D.risen 32.(2011全国卷II 15) The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 33.(2011全国卷II 18) Sarah pretended to be cheerful,______nothing about the argument. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying 34.（2011北京卷 25）It’s important for the figures regularly. A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated 35.（2011北京卷 33）Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet. A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept 36.（2011天津卷 7）Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried

37.（2011天津卷 12）______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated 38.（2011上海春招34）Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, ______ newly cleaned and polished. A. lookedB. to lookC. lookingD. to be looking 39.（2011上海春招 36）______ in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park. A. OpenedB. Having openedC. OpeningD. Being opened 40.（2011上海春招 40）Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars ______ as a carpenter before. A. to work B. to be working C. to have worked D. to have been working 【Summary】

1.注意逻辑关系的判断。

2.注意时间先后的判断。

3.注意习惯用法。

答案

一、改写句子

1. Saving money 2. himself lying 3. prefer staying; to going 4. upon arrival 5. Time permitting 二、[真题再现] 1.travelling; 2.sending; 3.Looking; 4. advertised; 5.calling; 6. having struggled; 7.discovered; 8.enabling 9. keeping; 10.to be discovered 11. to find; 12. recognized; 13. surprised; 14. borrowed; 15. to buy 16. to complete; 17. laid; 18. Seen; 19. to be publish

ed; 20. finding; 21. amused; 22. Approaching; 23. to reduce; 24. questioned; 25. causing; 26. carried; 27. weighing; 28. leading; 29. to be repaired; 30. stuck 31-35:BCDAB 36-40:ABCAC